13 research outputs found

    Cyclododecane as opcifier for digitalization of archaeological glass

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    [EN] This paper faces the problem of acquiring archaeological artifacts using triangulation based 3D laser scanners and focusing on reflective/refractive surfaces. This kind of artifacts are mostly made of glass or polished metal, and the properties of their surfaces violate most of the fundamental assumptions made by vision algorithms. Also, the unique and fragile nature of archaeological artifacts adds an extra constraint to the acquisition process: the use of industrial whitening sprays has to be avoided, due to the physicochemical processes required to clean the surface after scanning and because the chemical properties of these sprays may damage the original object. As an alternative to them, a new way to use a common conservation material is proposed: the use of cyclododecane as a whitening spray. Thanks to its chemical stability and to the fact that it sublimes at room temperature, together with its good filmforming capabilities, a set of evaluation tests is presented to prove thatthe error introduced by the opaque thin layer created on the surface of the artifact is smaller than the accuracy of the 3D scanner and, thus, no acquisition errors are introduced. A comparison with general-purpose industrial whitening sprays is also presented, and achieved results show no significant differences in the quality of the resulting 3D models.This work is supported by the "Programa de Ayudas de Investigacion y Desarrollo (PAID)" of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia and the "Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2008-2011" from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad of Spain, Projects ID: HAR2012-38391-C02-01 and HAR2012-38391-C02-02.D铆az Mar铆n, MDC.; Aura Castro, E.; S谩nchez Belenguer, C.; Vendrell Vidal, E. (2016). Cyclododecane as opcifier for digitalization of archaeological glass. Journal of Cultural Heritage. 17:131-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2015.06.003S1311401

    Por贸wnanie fotogrametrycznych technik rekonstrukcji powierzchni z obraz贸w do rekonstrukcji z wykorzystaniem skanera laserowego

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    The techniques of photogrammetric reconstruction were compared to the laser scanning in the article. The different conditions and constraints were introduced for reconstructed images, e.g. different materials, lighting condition, camera resolution, number of images in the sequence or using a-pripori calibration. The authors compare the results of surface reconstruction using software tools avaliable for photogrammetric reconstruction. The analysis is preformed for the selected objects with regard to laserscanned models or mathematical models.Skanowanie 3D jest procesem pomiarowym realizowanym przy u偶yciu urz膮dze艅 optycznych z wykorzystaniem r贸偶norodnych metod pomiarowych. Do odwzorowania g艂臋bi analizowanej sceny skanery 3D wykorzystuj膮 najcz臋艣ciej techniki fotograficzne. Jednak偶e pojedyncza fotografia jest w tym przypadku niewystarczaj膮ca, konieczne jest wykorzystanie dodatkowych informacji, np. wiedza o po艂o偶eniu laserowego pr膮偶ka w obrazie albo rozk艂ad 艣wiat艂a strukturalnego w po艂膮czeniu z analiz膮 kszta艂tu metod膮 triangulacyjn膮 za pomoc膮 skalibrowanego uk艂adu pomiarowego. Ostatnio te偶 do rekonstrukcji 3D wykorzystuje si臋 nieskalibrowane obrazy pochodz膮ce z r贸偶nych punkt贸w obserwacji. Niestety przy zastosowaniu tych technik pojawia si臋 szereg niedok艂adno艣ci pomiarowych przek艂adaj膮cych si臋 negatywnie na jako艣膰 wynikowego odwzorowania. Dodatkowo r贸偶ne techniki skanowania wprowadzaj膮 odmienne ograniczenia dotycz膮ce uwarunkowa艅 akwizycji. Przyk艂adowo, skanowanie laserowe w skanerach triangulacyjnych wymaga dok艂adnego odwozrowania odbicia zniekszta艂conego pr膮偶ka promienia laserowego, natomiast w przypadku technik fotogrametrycznych istotna jest analiza r贸偶norodno艣ci obserwowanej tekstury obiektu. W artykule por贸wnano fotogrametryczne techniki rekonstrukcji z technikami scanowania laserowego. Przenalizowano uwarunkowania i ograniczenia zwi膮zane z akwizycj膮 danych pomiarowych, takich jak: r贸偶norodno艣膰 wykorzystanych materia艂贸w, warunki o艣wietleniowe, rozdzielczo艣膰 kamery, liczba obraz贸w w sekwencji, wp艂yw kalibracji wst臋pnej. Autorzy dokonuj膮 por贸wnania zrekonstruowanych powierzchni wyselekcjonowanych obiekt贸w w odniesieniu do zrekonstruowanych obiekt贸w wzorcowych pozyskanych metoda藳 skaningu laserowego wysokiej rozdzielczosci, b膮d藕 do wzorcowych modeli matematycznych

    Optymalizacja reprezentacji siatek progresywnych dla potrzeb przesy艂u danych

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    The paper presents the implementation of methods for progressive mesh encoding. The described implementation is a modification of the software published in 2008 by Zhao He, which is based on studies by Michael Garland and Hugues Hoppe. We focused on improving the performance of the software. In particular we modified the data structures to ensure their better indexing, which significantly improved the computational complexity of the algorithm. We also implemented the support for simplified meshes with textures. The authors present the comparison of the performance of these methods in relation to the original He Zhao's algorithm. The performance of progressive mesh encoding in our implementation was significantly improved.W artykule przedstawiono implementacj臋 algorytmu kodowania siatek tr贸jwymiarowych do postaci progresywnej. Opisana implementacja jest rozwini臋ciem oprogramowania opublikowanego w 2008 roku przez He Zhao, kt贸re bazuje na opracowaniach Michaela Garlanda [1] oraz Huguesa Hoppe [5]. Celem autor贸w by艂o wykorzystanie prezentowanego oprogramowania do kodowania siatek o znacznym rozmiarze, reprezentuj膮cych mi臋dzy innymi skany eksponat贸w muzealnych lub modele uzyskane w wyniku obrazowania medycznego. Wobu przypadkach kodowanie do postaci progresywnej ma na celu zapewnienie efektywnego przesy艂ania i szybkiej prezentacji siatek na r贸偶nych poziomach wizualizacji szczeg贸艂贸w (levels of detals). Jednocze艣nie powinno ono umo偶liwia膰 szybkie odzyskanie oryginalnej siatki w razie potrzeby wykonania pomiar贸w. Skupiono si臋 na poprawie szybko艣ci dzia艂ania algorytmu poprzez wprowadzenie struktur danych zapewniaj膮cych ich odpowiednie indeksowanie, co znacz膮co poprawi艂o z艂o偶ono艣膰 obliczeniow膮. W por贸wnaniu do mo偶liwo艣ci oferowanych przez oprogramowanie He Zhao zosta艂a tak偶e dodana uproszczona obs艂uga progresywnego kodowania siatek z teksturami. Przeprowadzono i przedstawiono w artykule por贸wnanie czas贸w dzia艂ania oprogramowania w prezentowanej wersji oraz w implementacji He Zhao i wykazano, 偶e wydajno艣膰 czasowa uleg艂a znacz膮cej poprawie

    Ocena jako艣ci technik fotogrametrycznych dla potrzeb rekonstrukcji terenu

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    The article presents techniques for acquisition and processing of image data for photogrammetric 3D reconstruction. The analysis is focused on the selection of real outdoor scenes of simulated accidents for criminal investigations. Surface models are obtained on the basis of photographs using photogrammetric reconstruction methods. Conditions for the acquisition and reconstruction parameters are described. The quality of the obtained surface models was analyzed using different reconstruction tools and compared to the quality of laser scanning. As laser scanners are not always available or practical to use in site acquisition, we analyze the reliability of 3D scene reconstruction using uncalibrated raster images.W artykule przedstawiono techniki akwizycji i przetwarzania danych obrazowych dla potrzeb rekonstrukcji fotogrametrycznej. Skupiono si臋 na analizie rzeczywistych scen zewn臋trznych i wewn臋trznych przygotowanych na potrzeby bada艅 kryminalistycznych. Modele powierzchniowe otrzymano na podstawie fotografii 2D z wykorzystaniem metod rekonstrukcji fotogrametrycznej. Ustalono warunki akwizycji i parametry re-konstrukcji. Przeanalizowano jako艣膰 uzyskanych modeli i por贸wnano j膮 do jako艣ci skan贸w laserowych. Przebadano mo偶liwo艣膰 odtworzenia sceny 3D wy艂膮cznie z nieskalibrowanych zdj臋膰 2D, w sytuacjach gdy inne urz膮dzenia do obrazowania 3D s膮 niedost臋pne

    3D head surface scanning techniques for orthodontics

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    The accuracy of the Minolta 9i 3D laser scanner is evaluated and conditions are defined for its usability in orthodontics. Experiments are described which helped determine optimal scanning conditions such as beam power, patient positioning, the number of scans per examination, and viewpoint selection

    Digital Modelling and Accuracy Verification of a Complex Architectural Object Based on Photogrammetric Reconstruction

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    Data concerning heritage buildings are necessary for all kinds of building surveying and design. This paper presents a method for creating a precise model of a historical architectural and landscape object with complex geometry. Photogrammetric techniques were used, combining terrestrial imaging and photographs taken using UAVs. In large-scale objects, it is necessary to divide the reconstruction into smaller parts and adopt an iterative approach based on the gradual completion of missing fragments, especially those resulting from occlusions. The model developed via the reconstruction was compared with geometrically reliable data (LAS point clouds) available in the public domain. The degree of accuracy it achieved can be used in conservation, for example, in construction cost estimates. Despite extensive research on photogrammetric techniques and their applicability in reconstructing cultural heritage sites, the results obtained have not yet been compared by other researchers with LAS point clouds from the information system for land cover (ISOK)

    Multimodal Imagery in Forensic Incident Scene Documentation

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    Various imaging modalities are evaluated for use in forensic incident (crime or accident) scene documentation. Particular attention is paid to the precision vs. cost tradeoff, accomplished by judiciously combining various 3D scans and photogrammetric reconstructions from 2D photographs. Assumptions are proposed for two complementary software systems: an event scene pilot assisting the on-site staff in their work securing evidence and facilitating their communication with stationary support staff, and an evidence keeper, managing the voluminous and varied database of accumulated imagery, textual notes and physical evidence inventory

    Accuracy Verification of Surface Models of Architectural Objects from the iPad LiDAR in the Context of Photogrammetry Methods

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    The creation of accurate three-dimensional models has been radically simplified in recent years by developing photogrammetric methods. However, the photogrammetric procedure requires complex data processing and does not provide an immediate 3D model, so its use during field (in situ) surveys is infeasible. This paper presents the mapping of fragments of built structures at different scales (finest detail, garden sculpture, architectural interior, building facade) by using a LiDAR sensor from the Apple iPad Pro mobile device. The resulting iPad LiDAR and photogrammetric models were compared with reference models derived from laser scanning and point measurements. For small objects with complex geometries acquired by iPad LiDAR, up to 50% of points were unaligned with the reference models, which is much more than for photogrammetric models. This was primarily due to much less frequent sampling and, consequently, a sparser grid. This simplification of object surfaces is highly beneficial in the case of walls and building facades as it smooths out their surfaces. The application potential of the IPad LiDAR Pro is severely constrained by its range cap being 5 m, which greatly limits the size of objects that can be recorded, and excludes most buildings
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