Relating the variability of tone-burst otoacoustic emission and auditory brainstem response latencies to the underlying cochlear mechanics

Forward and reverse cochlear latency and its relation to the frequency tuning of the auditory filters can be assessed using tone bursts (TBs). Otoacoustic emissions (TBOAEs) estimate the cochlear roundtrip time, while auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) to the same stimuli aim at measuring the auditory filter buildup time. Latency ratios are generally close to two and controversy exists about the relationship of this ratio to cochlear mechanics. We explored why the two methods provide different estimates of filter buildup time, and ratios with large inter-subject variability, using a time-domain model for OAEs and ABRs. We compared latencies for twenty models, in which all parameters but the cochlear irregularities responsible for reflection-source OAEs were identical, and found that TBOAE latencies were much more variable than ABR latencies. Multiple reflection-sources generated within the evoking stimulus bandwidth were found to shape the TBOAE envelope and complicate the interpretation of TBOAE latency and TBOAE/ABR ratios in terms of auditory filter tuning

AERODYNAMIC DRAG AND STABILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF TOWED INFLATABLE DECELERATORS AT SUPERSONIC SPEEDS

Aerodynamic drag and stability of towed inflatable decelerators at supersonic speed

Salpingectomy for Sterilization in Patients with a Documented Ovarian Cancer Family History

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic cancer. The leading risk factor for ovarian cancer is a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer, but known genetic mutations contribute only a small percentage of heritable risk. Due to flawed early detection methods, risk management relies on prevention. Because some ovarian cancers originate in the fallopian tubes, researchers are exploring bilateral salpingectomy for risk reduction. However, utilization of the procedure has not been measured in patients with a documented ovarian cancer family history but no known genetic mutation. We aim to determine if a greater proportion of patients with an ovarian cancer family history will utilize bilateral salpingectomy for sterilization compared to those without a family history. Specifically, we will retrospectively review insurance claims data to examine the association between family history documentation and bilateral salpingectomy. The findings will help establish guidelines for risk reduction in families with ovarian cancer

TAYUBAN DI GRUP NANJUNG JAYA ENCLING DESA KARANG HEGAR KABUPATEN SUBANG

Kesenian tayuban merupakan salah satu kesenian di Kabupaten Subang yang keberadaannya mulai memudar di kalangan masyarakat Subang. Padahal sudah semestinya kesenian tayuban ini harus tetap dikenal, dipertahankan dan dilestarikan sebagai salah satu kesenian yang ada di Kabupaten Subang. Oleh karena itu, peneliti ingin mendapatkan jawaban mengapa dan bagaimana fungsi kesenian tayuban serta nilai-nilai yang terkandung didalamnya. Untuk itu, penelitian ini diberi judul “Tayuban di Grup Nanjung Jaya Encling Desa Karang Hegar Kabupaten Subang”. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 rumusan masalah yaitu (1) Bagaimana fungsi tayuban di masa sekarang? (2) Apa nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam tayuban?. Tujuan dari penelitian tayuban di Grup Nanjung Jaya Encling Desa Karang Hegar Kabupaten Subang adalah untuk mendapatkan jawaban dari rumusan masalah tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis pendekatan kualitatif. Metode ini dilakukan untuk mendeksripsikan kejadian yang sebenarnya sesuai dengan fakta di lapangan dan kemudian data yang terkumpul itu diolah melalui proses analisis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, peneliti menemukan bahwa fungsi kesenian tayuban di masyarakat Subang sudah berubah. Sebelum tahun 1990-an fungsi kesenian tayuban di Subang untuk ritual kesuburan padi, sedangkan pada masa sekarang kesenian tayuban lebih berfungsi sebagai media hiburan bagi masyarakat sekitar. Dalam kesenian tayuban, peneliti juga menemukan beberapa nilai yang terkandung di dalamnya yaitu seperti nilai religi yang terdapat dalam fungsi kesenian tayuban pada zaman dahulu sebagai media dakwah, nilai sosial yang terdapat dalam saweran dan terjadinya interaksi ketika menari bersama, serta nilai pendidikan seksual yang dilihat dari fungsi kesenian tayuban pada zaman dahulu sebagai ritual kesuburan dan kini beralih fungsi sebagai media hiburan dalam pesta pernikahan yang dikaitkan dengan kesuburan pasangan suami istri.;---The tayuban art is the one of art in Subang Regency which its existence is fading. Whereas it is should have been to be known and maintained. Therefore the researcher want to know why and how the function of tayuban art and also want to know the values within. Therefor this research entitled ” Tayuban in Nanjung Jaya Encling Group Karang Hegar Subang Regency”. This research has two research questions, those are (1) How the function of tayuban art in recent time? (2) what values within in tayuban art?. The aim of the research is to find the answer of these research questions. In this research the researcher employed descriptive analysis qualitative approach. This method was employed to describe the truly events based on the real facts and then the collected data it was analyzed through the analysis process. Based on the finding, it was found that the function of tayuban art in Subang has changed. Before 1990s the function of tayuban art in Subang was for the ritual of agriculture fertility, but now the function of tayuban art is for entertaiment. In tayuban art, the researcher also found some values whitin. They are religion value since in the past the tayuban art used as the proselytism, social value which in saweran and the interaction happened when the people dance together, and also value of sexual education which it was seen from the function of tayuban art in the past as the ritual of fertility and now changed as the entertaiment in wedding party which connected with the couple of married fertility

Market Mechanisms and Consumer Involvement in the Delivery of Mental Health Services: A UK-US Comparison

Both the United Kingdom and the United States Are in the midst of health care reform. By focusing on services for the severely mentally ill this paper compares recent developments in managed care in the U.S. and care management in the U.K. It particularly focuses on the use of market mechanisms and consumer involvement in these reforms

Abstract Art and its Effects on Stress in High School Students: Development of a Method

Abstract Stress in schools has become an increasing problem within the United States. Adolescents struggle with high rates and high levels of anxiety due to many pressures surrounding them, especially expectations from school. Due to their growing brains, stress and anxiety during this time can affect future functioning. It is crucial that teens learn ways to manage stress levels now, so they can develop healthy coping skills that can continue into adulthood. There has been plenty of research on art therapy and its benefits for mental health in this population. This study investigates the effects of abstract art on stress in adolescents attending high school in an affluent neighborhood. By using watercolors on yupo paper (a synthetic, nonporous paper), students were led away from the cognitive/symbolic level of the expressive therapies continuum (ETC), and brought into the perceptual/affective and kinesthetic/sensory levels. Results showed that throughout this process some directives were more stressful, while some were very stress relieving. Many students found this process enjoyable, relaxing, and experienced a shift in stress levels. Other students did not experience this same shift. More research is needed to learn about the effects of abstract art and stress levels on adolescents

EMPOWERMENT THROUGH CLIENT AND FAMILY COUNCILS:CRITICAL ISSUES IN IMPLEMENTATION

The Empowerment Initiative at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) in Toronto, Canada involved the creation of client and family councils and the increased participation of clients in organizational governance. A review of this initiative was conducted in collaboration with the coordinators of the Empowerment and Family Councils.  The primary intent of this review was to identify the progress that had been made to date and identify some of the factors that have facilitated or impeded the implementation of this initiative. The methods employed for gathering information included document review, key informant interviews, focus group meetings with a wide variety of stakeholders, membership feedback sheets and data mining from a range of sources. A number of implementation issues were identified that are instructive to any organization undertaking similar empowerment initiatives. KEYWORDS: empowerment. client & family councils. organizational change. advocacy

Date rape prevention in women: A controlled outcome study

Date rape is a widespread problem, especially among college-aged women. Date rape prevention programs have appeared on college campuses nationwide. However, the effectiveness of these programs to prevent date rape remains questionable. Studies addressing this issue have usually focused on changing students\u27 thoughts about rape. A minority of studies have investigated the success of programs designed to change behaviors associated with rape. Even fewer studies have used the actual incidence of date rape as an outcome variable; The present study examined a date rape prevention program designed to improve women\u27s sexual assertiveness skills and decrease their involvement in behaviors associated with rape via a two hour behavioral group prevention and compared its effectiveness to the more standard attitude change prevention. Participants completed pre-test measures immediately preceding the prevention group and completed four-week and five-month post-prevention assessments; There were four main hypotheses for this study. First, women in the behavioral condition would have a lower incidence of new victimizations, would show a reduction in risky dating behaviors and would improve prevention-related behaviors from pre-test to follow-up. Second, women in the behavioral condition would improve more than women in the attitude condition. Finally, history of victimization and alcohol use would moderate treatment success, such that previous victims would have lower treatment success; Two hundred and ten college women participated in the initial prevention group. One hundred and sixty-nine returned for the four-week follow-up and eighty-two returned for the five-month follow-up. The hypotheses were partially supported. There were no differences between the two prevention groups with regard to new victimizations. Participants in the behavioral group reduced their reported alcohol usage, risky dating behaviors, beliefs in rape myths, and increased their sexual assertiveness and sexually assertive self-statements from pre-test to the four-week follow-up. The changes were maintained at the five-month follow-up. Participants in the attitude group increased their sexual assertiveness, decreased their risky dating behaviors, and reduced their beliefs in rape myths from pre-test to the four-week follow-up. These changes were also maintained at the five-month follow-up; Women in the behavioral condition improved more than women in the attitude condition and those changes were maintained at the five-month follow-up. Participants were satisfied with treatment. Implications and suggestions for future studies are discussed

Date rape attitudes intervention: A controlled outcome study

Date rape is a widespread problem; however, there is a paucity of methodologically sound intervention studies available. The research that does exist has found contradictory results regarding the effectiveness of different types of intervention programs. This study attempted to address some of the short-comings of previous research and build upon the existing Information A date rape intervention targeting date rape attitudes was evaluated in 88 undergraduate students. The intervention was compared to an equivalent control group. A repeated measures 2 (intervention, control) x 3 (pre-test, post-test, follow-up) MANOVA (multivariate analysis of variance) was used to analyze the data. The MANOVA was significant for the effect of time, F (4, 83) = 2.27, p \u3c .05. Both conditions reported a greater sensitivity to rape-related attitudes over time. Implications for future research are discussed