Measurement of muon momentum resolution of the ATLAS detector

The ATLAS detector has been designed to have good muon momentum resolution up to momenta in the TeV range. The muon momentum resolution of the ATLAS spectrometer has been measured with p-p collision data recorded in 2011. The measurement combines the di-muon mass resolution in J/\Psi->\mu\mu and Z->\mu\mu decays with measurements of the alignment accuracy of the detector based on straight muon tracks, which are acquired with special runs without magnetic field in the ATLAS detector.Comment: Presented at the 2011 Hadron Collider Physics symposium (HCP-2011), Paris, France, November 14-18 2011, 3 pages, 7 figure

Femininity and the Electric Chair: An Equal Protection Challenge to Texas\u27s Death Penalty Statute

Capital punishment in the United States appears to apply to only one class of citizens—men. Despite their significant proportional commission of homicides, women account for less than one percent of executions in America. This Note evaluates this trend in the context of a Fourteenth Amendment equal protection challenge to capital punishment in Texas, America’s staunchest death penalty supporter. It discusses issues of paternalism and gender theory as they relate to the Texas capital punishment statute and its application throughout the legal and political process. Finally, this Note argues that despite a series of constitutional obstacles, the Supreme Court should strike down the Texas death penalty statute based on its invidious gender discrimination

Instituciones políticas y crecimiento económico en Latinoamérica

Editada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaPublicad

The Politics of Protection: Interpreting Commercial Policy in Late Bourbon and Early National Mexico

The breadth, depth, and persistence of political instability in independent Mexico have long been the object of historians\u27 attention. Mexico, writes one, experimented with monarchy, moderate constitutional republic, radical populist regime, conservative government, and liberal government; each in turn failed to produce stability. From 1824 through 1853, Mexico experienced the institutionalized disorder of manifold pronunciamientos . . . endless cabinet changes, and several lurches to the political left or right. Repeatedly invaded, blockaded, partitioned, and plunged into civil war between 1835 and 1867, Mexico was for most of its early history more a geographical expression than a political one. The present state of anarchy [has] lasted for a quarter of a century, editorialized The Economist in 1861. There is no power in Mexico .... It is not a nation. It is not a state. It is not a government at all. This was not an isolated opinion

Cognitive Driver Distraction Improves Straight Lane Keeping: A Cybernetic Control Theoretic Explanation

Experimental data revealed that drivers performing a visual secondary task exhibited deteriorated lane keeping performance, but that the same drivers performing a cognitive secondary exhibited an improvement in lane keeping compared to baseline driving. In this paper we present a computational cybernetic driver model that characterizes the effect of difference in eye fixation durations between on and off road glances across the three task conditions on straight lane keeping performance. The model uses perceptual cues as control input, maintains internal representations of these cues across fixations through Bayesian updating, and each time a change in cue magnitude is perceived based on mechanisms akin to signal detection theory a change in control is applied. The model is shown to be able to capture the experimental results encouragingly well. The model also sheds light on the relative magnitude of lane keeping performance degradation caused by glancing away from the road and the fact that internal representations are degraded each time a saccade takes place. The adopted approach to modeling driver perception during and across fixations is expected to lead to new insights into the effects that various in-vehicle activities have on driving performance and risk

The King is dead’: The thanatology of kings in the Old Norse synoptic histories of Norway, 1035-1161

The Old Norse Synoptic Histories of Norway can make a valuable contribution to thanatology (the study of attitudes towards death) and the history of medieval thought. This piece of research is an attempt to analyse how the new blend of Christian faith with ancient heroic ideals is reflected in accounts of the deaths of eleventh- and twelfth century Norwegian kings, as described in those Old Norse sagas that deal with the stories of medieval Scandinavian royalty. The period covered in this study runs from 1035, the date of the accession to the Norwegian throne of Magnús gὁoi, the son of St. Óláfr, to the death of Ingi Haraldsson in 1161. This period seems to have seen very important changes and to have been full of clashing ideas and attitudes, most of which were due to the conversion of Norway to Christianity in the immediately preceding period. The major texts covered are Theodoricus's Historia de Antiquitate Regum Norwagiensium, Ágrip af Noregskonungasögum, Morkinskinna, Snorri Sturluson's Heimskringla and Fagrskinna. A comparison between these five major sources shows how their authors often convey their political judgements on kings by the ways in which they describe their deaths, and how they were involved in the cultural and religious environment of medieval Europe, in which the discussion about Purgatory was being developed and changes in burial customs were taking place

Recent Higgs → ZZ(∗) → 4l results with the ATLAS experiment

This document presents a short update of the search results and a first measurement of the properties of the newly observed Higgs-like particle in the decay channel H → ZZ(∗) → l+l−l'+l'−, where l,l' = e or μ, using 4.6 fb−1 and 13 fb −1 of proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 and √s = 8TeV, respectively, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. An excess of events over background is seen, with a minimum p0 value of 0.0021% (4.1 standard deviations) at mH = 123.5 GeV in the combined analysis of the two datasets. The fitted Higgs mass is measured to be mH = 123.5 ± 0.9 (stat.) ± 0.3 (syst.) GeV and the signal strength (the ratio of the observed cross-section to the expected SM cross-section) at this mass is found to be μ = 1.3+0.5−0.3. A spin-parity analysis is performed on the events with 115 GeV < mH < 130 GeV. The 0+ state is found to be favoured over the 0− and 2+ states with 0− excluded by 2.7 σ when compared to 0+

O papel do darwinismo na legitimação da opressão

El capitalismo es el orden social y el sistema económico dominante que asegura la libertad económica en la disposición y el usufructo de la propiedad privada sobre el capital como herramienta de producción. Definido también como el sistema que consiste en la explotación del hombre por el hombre y siendo el sistema que rige la economía global, es responsable de las condiciones de desigualdad entre los hombres. Habermas afirma que el desarrollo científico y técnico se ha convertido en la misma base de legitimación del dominio capitalista. En este contexto es fundamental remarcar el papel del darwinismo, que desde sus orígenes fue una justificación natural de la explotación entre los hombres y continúa hoy en día como mecanismo de legitimización y racionalización de la opresión y del sometimiento de la libertad del hombre a la libertad del mercado.O capitalismo é a ordem social e o sistema econômico dominante que garante a liberdade econômica na disposição e fruição da propriedade privada sobre o capital como ferramenta de produção. Definido também como o sistema que consiste na exploração do homem pelo homem e sendo o sistema que rege a economia global, é responsável pelas condições de desigualdade entre os homens. Habermas afirma que o desenvolvimento científico e técnico transformou-se na mesma base de legitimação do domínio capitalista. Nesse contexto, é fundamental salientar o papel do darwinismo que, desde suas origens, foi uma justificativa natural da exploração entre os homens e se mantém atualmente como mecanismo de legitimação e racionalização da opressão e da submissão da liberdade do homem diante da liberdade do mercado.Fil: Salvucci, Emiliano Jesus. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; Argentin

Supply, Demand, and the Making of a Market: Philadelphia and Havana at the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century

In his 1984 assessment of the state of historical research, The Transatlantic Economy, Jacob Price comments: The writing of most early American economic history has concentrated upon supply. For many branches of the economy, the great unexplored frontier may well be demand. The relationship between Philadelphia and Havana is a case in point. From the onset of the American Revolution until well past the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the port cities of Havana and Philadelphia were inextricably linked. As their own rich hinterlands expanded, and as established transatlantic trade routes disintegrated, Havana and Philadelphia grew ever closer, exerting profound influences upon their respective regional economies and merchants. Spaniards and Cubans alike considered Philadelphia the principal entrepôt for United States foodstuffs shipped to the island while Havana emerged as the leading market for American exports through Philadelphia. This close relationship between the two ports predated the strong links between the newly independent nation and the Spanish colony that characterized most of the nineteenth century and contributed to the War of 1898. However, it was during the early years, from the l779os through the 1820s, that the fortunes of Philadelphia and Havana were most deeply affected by their reciprocal trade

John Leamy\u27s Atlantic Worlds: Trade, Religion, and Imperial Transformations in the Spanish Empire and Early Republican Philadelphia

John Leamy (1757–1839) accumulated a substantial fortune through trade with the Spanish Empire following the American Revolution. This immigrant from Ireland, via southern Spain, was the key player in establishing Philadelphia\u27s dominant role in Cuban markets during the 1790s. Unlike his Protestant competitors, as a high-profile Catholic, Leamy nurtured successful personal and commercial relationships with those Spanish imperial bureaucrats charged with regulating the trade. In the new century, as the Spanish Empire destabilized, Leamy adjusted both his business strategies and religious practices. With his Catholic loyalties in flux, he led the lay trustees of St. Mary\u27s during the Hogan Schism and moved towards Episcopalianism. John Leamy\u27s actions throw into relief how republicanism emboldened challenges to ecclesiastical authority and encouraged denominational flexibility, even as he maneuvered to rekindle his ties with Spain in the 1820s and 1830s