Psychological reaction to life’s traumas: well-being and trauma among college nursing students

2012/2013The present study examined the relationship between symptoms of post-traumatic stress, resilience, and growth in undergraduate students attending the University of South Florida, College of Nursing, in Tampa. Some trauma survivors will demonstrate negative reactions to trauma, some will not demonstrate any post-trauma symptoms, while some individuals will show positive reactions. This study investigated how, in a sample of nursing students, the psychological factors associated with adverse reactions, resiliency, and post-traumatic growth occur. The identification of these factors within a nursing population can be used to better understand these reactions as well as aid in training nurses to improve their role as health care providers. The relationships among three major areas of interest were investigated: negative reactions, resilience, and growth, using the following standardized scales and their subscales, as well as looking at moderators that may impact on these relationships. This study used on-line survey methodology. Surveys included Demographic information, Traumatic Event Questionnaire (TEQ), Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), Response to Stressful Experience Scale (RSES), PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The study population consisted of 115 undergraduate students. PCL-C total scores were significantly positively correlated with CES-D. Higher PCL-C scores were associated with higher CES-D scores. PCL-C scores were significantly negatively associated with other instrument scores such as PTGI and RSES. A hierarchical regression model was used to model the association of depression, self-compassion, growth, resilience, and social support on post-traumatic stress. The overall model significantly predicted PCL symptoms and explained a significant proportion of variance. Depression was the largest significant predictor of post-traumatic stress. Depression also explained a significant proportion of variance in post-traumatic stress. A hierarchical regression model was used to model the association of resilience, PCL-C, self-compassion, social support and depression on post-traumatic growth. The overall model significantly predicted post-traumatic growth and explained a significant proportion of variance. Resilience was the largest significant predictor of post-traumatic growth. Resilience also explained a significant proportion of variance in post-traumatic stress. A hierarchical regression model was used to model the association of post-traumatic growth, depression, PCL-C, self-compassion, and social support on resilience. The overall model significantly predicted resilience and explained a significant proportion of variance. Post-traumatic growth was the largest significant predictor of resilience. Post-traumatic growth also explained a significant proportion of variance in resilience. This study supports previous notions that psychological distress and growth can coexist and are indeed related. Helping trauma survivors develop self- compassion and acceptance may prove to be of great benefit in finding positive outcome from life’s traumas'. Findings may guide interventions with other populations who experience PTSD and other post trauma reactions.XXVI Ciclo196

Biobanking in the Year 2007

Biobanking is an emerging specialty in which competencies in cellular and molecular biology, medicine, genetics, cryobiology, bioengineering, information technology and ethics merge into a servic

Effect of spatially varying material properties on the post-buckling behaviour of composite panels utilising geodesic stochastic fields

The post-buckling behaviour of panels can be very sensitive to imperfections or variations in materials or geometry. This paper presents an ecient numerical model to calculate the eects of material stiffness variations on the non-linear response of a structure. This is done by first defining a geodesic mesh on which a unit variance random field is generated. This field uses the true geodesic distance on the structure to calculate how points in the field should be correlated. The fields generated are projected onto a 3D structural mesh which is used for assembly and post-processing of the structural model. The structural model, based on the Unified Formulation is capable of accurate non-linear calculations of both straight and curved elements. Baseline results generated using the implementation are compared to those in literature, and verified using Abaqus. Random material variations are then applied to the structure in a Monte Carlo analysis. The analyses show that the local variation of stiffness can have a variety of effects on the non-linear response of structures. Aside from the change of mean stiffness causing a change in bifurcation or limit point load, the different stiffness distributions can affect and trigger competing buckling modes and post-buckling modes and affect their corresponding post-buckling load-deflection paths

Homing of peripherally injected bone marrow cells in rat after experimental myocardial injury

Background and objectives: significant progress has been achieved during the past 10 years in cell transplantation and recent research has focused on the possibility of improving ventricular function after myocardial infarction. Most studies in the field of cardiac tissue repair are performed by direct intramyocardial injection of cells of different origin. Since this approach requires a surgical intervention, in this study we investigated the feasibility of non-invasive administration of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) by assessing the fate of peripherally injected, purified, labeled cells in cryodamaged hearts. Design and methods: ten donor and ten recipient inbred isogenic adult (4 weeks old) Fisher rats were used as models to mimic autologous transplantation. Myocardial damage was obtained in recipient rats by placing a frozen metal probe on the anterior left ventricular wall for 15 seconds (freeze-thaw injury technique). BMMNCs were purified and labeled with a red fluorescent cell dye. Seven days after the injury about 15-25x10(6) cells were infused through the femoral vein of recipient rats. Seven days after the infusion, the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen and thymus were harvested to track transplanted cells. RESULTS: Labeled cells were found only in the injured area of the heart and not in the normal tissue, and a limited number of cells were identified in the spleen of all the animals. Most of the labeled cells in the infarcted area were Thy-1(+) and some were CD34(+). Interpretation and conclusions: our data suggest that peripherally injected BMMNCs can traffic through the circulation to the site of damage; we hypothesize that tissue injury leads to the priming of a cytokine cascade acting as chemoattractant for the infused cells