Professionnelles des soins et marchés de la santé : Les trajectoires analogues des physiothérapeutes et des psychologues québécoises, 1950-2010

Cet article compare les trajectoires des psychologues et des physiothérapeutes québécoises depuis 1950. D’une part, il montre en quoi l’apparition de nouvelles thérapeutes « paramédicales » sur le marché des soins a contribué à faire évoluer les usages cliniques. D’autre part, il analyse la manière dont ces professionnelles ont su jouer de la dualité qui se dessine après 1960 entre marchés public et privé de la santé. Cette histoire se décline en trois temps. De 1950 à 1975, ces professionnelles investissent les hôpitaux à l’appel de médecins spécialistes, dont elles contestent cependant bien vite l’autorité. De 1975 à 1990, leurs aspirations trouvent sur le marché privé des soins un terreau fertile où elles développent des approches alternatives qui pollinisent ensuite le réseau public. Enfin, après 1990, ce sont des ressources issues plutôt du secteur public qui migrent pour consolider la pratique en privé, témoignant de la solidarité entre ces marchés qui composent en fait les deux faces d’une seule et même économie politique de la santé.This article compares the parallel itineraries of psychologists and physiotherapists in Quebec since 1950. Firstly, it shows how the presence of new allied health professionals in the healthcare marketplace contributed to the evolution of clinical practice. Secondly, it analyses the way in which these professionals were able to play on the duality between public and private healthcare markets which developed after 1960. This story develops in three phases. From 1950 to 1975, these professionals entered the hospital network at the request of specialist physicians, whose authority they nevertheless quickly began to challenge. From 1975 to 1990, their ambitions found fertile ground in the private healthcare market where they were able to develop alternative approaches which came, in turn, to influence the public network. Finally, after 1990, it was more a matter of resources originating in the public sector migrating in order to consolidate private practice, bearing witness to the solidarity between the two markets which effectively constitute the two faces of a single political economy of healthcare

FoamVis, A Visualization System for Foam Research: Design and Implementation

Liquid foams are used in areas such as mineral separation, oil recovery, food and beverage production, sanitation and fire fighting. To improve the quality of products and the efficiency of processes in these areas, foam scientists wish to understand and control foam behaviour. To this end, foam scientists have used foam simulations to model foam behaviour; however, analysing these simulations presents difficult challenges. We describe the main foam research challenges and present the design of FoamVis, the only existing visualization, exploration and analysis application created to address them. We describe FoamVis’ main features, together with relevant design and implementation notes. Our goal is to provide a global overview and individual feature implementation details that would allow a visualization scientist to extend the FoamVis system with new algorithms and adapt it to new requirements. The result is a detailed presentation of the software that is not provided in previous visualization research papers

Mass spectrometry as a tool study CVD process

Mass spectrometry as a tool study CVD process. Application of two mass spectrometric (MS) techniques to study chemical vapour deposition from organometallic precursors is described. CpCuPEt3 (Cp = η5-C5H5, Et =C2H5) was used as a model precursor in this work

Le taux de rendement de l’éducation et la conjoncture économique : Québec, 1981-87

On a pris l’habitude d’évaluer la rentabilité de l’éducation, considérée comme un investissement, à l’aide d’un taux de rendement « à tout usage ». Même si les bénéfices sont futurs, ce taux est obtenu en mettant en relation des coûts et des différences de revenu observés à la même période. Les profils de revenu étant affectés par la conjoncture économique, ce taux de rendement pourrait varier le long du cycle économique. Pour évaluer cette sensibilité, le taux de rendement privé des études universitaires au Québec est calculé pour six années, entre 1981 et 1987. Les résultats obtenus indiquent une variabilité du taux de rendement, qui paraît plus élevé en période de ralentissement économique.Economists have grown accustomed to measuring the profitability of education with an all-purpose rate of return. Even though the benefits of education are received in the future, the rate of return is obtained by comparing costs and increments in earnings observed in a single period. Since earnings profiles are affected by the economic outlook, the rate of return to education may very well be correlated with the business cycle. To evaluate this sensitivity, private rates of return to university education in Quebec are computed for six years between 1981 and 1987. The results show that the rate of return is sensitive to the business cycle, being higher in a recession

Evolution: Remodelling Animal Body Plans, Gene by Gene

International audienceChanges in Homeotic (Hox) gene regulation have long been thought to drive the evolution of animal body plans. Direct genetic evidence of their evolutionary role has, however, remained limited. A new study reveals how several mutations distributed across a gene network mask the phenotypic effects of a Hox gene’s evolution

A comprehensive insight in the MOCVD of aluminum through interaction between reactive transport modeling and targeted growth experiments

Growth experiments and reactive transport modeling were combined to formulate a comprehensive predictive model for aluminum growth from dimethylethylamine alane. The growth-rate profile was experimentally investigated as a function of substrate temperature. The reactive transport model, built under the computational fluid dynamics software PHOENICS, was used to reproduce the experimental measurements and to contribute to the understanding of the aluminum growth process, under sub-atmospheric pressure conditions. The growth mechanism of aluminum films was based on well established in literature reaction order and activation energy of homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions. The reactive transport model was used further to investigate the effect of some key operating parameters on the process output. Simulation results are suggestive of modifications in the operating parameters that could enhance the growth rate and the spatial uniformity of the film thickness