Identification of strategic factors of profitability in the Andalusian rural savings banks

The Rural Savings Banks (cajas rurales), although in their origin they played a primordial role in the financing of the agricultural sector and of the rural context in general, at the moment they are present in a wide variety of managerial sectors, thanks to an intense politics of diversification of their activity. These entities constitute the most excellent group inside the Spanish cooperative banking, so much for their territorial covering as for the volume of own and other people's resources. In this work we try to discover which strategy has been adopted by the sector of the Rural Savings Banks of Andalusia for the attainment of its objectives of profitability. In this paper we have elaborated it a methodology that allows us to carry out an analysis of the factors of profitability applying it to this sector. Finally conclusions are extracted.

Exploring the relation between technology and growth: The Spanish experience.

The New Growth Theory has put the issue of endogenous technical change back into the center of attention. Although the statistical material available to the researcher wanting to investigate the economic influence of technological innovation is not very adequate, the aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of the technological change on long run growth in Spanish regions by means of the statistical analysis. Using a panel data for Spanish regions, we apply some econometric exercises to assess the significance of the relationship between technology and growth.

Estudio de distintos métodos de conservación de polen de calabacín (Curcubita pepo L.)

Breeding programmes in zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) are focused in obtaining genetic variability by mutant population induced with chemical agent as ethyl methanesulfonate. This chemical agent causes morphological and physiological changes that may alter flowering pattern of C. pepo, preventing selfing. Pollen storage may allow artificially selfing in mutant plants with abnormal flowering pattern. Cucurbita pepo pollen has a short longevity and nowadays there are few studies on storage methods. In this work, we have compared different storage conditions (temperature, humidity and immersion in organic solvents) of pollen collected in two development stages, anthesis and anthesis-1 (one day before anthesis), with the aim of extending pollen viability. Viability of stored pollen was assessed by histochemical test TTC and fruit set and seed production. Storage of complete flowers in anthesis stage at 4ºC maintained pollen viability up 96 hours, however, only stored pollen up 48 hours was able to produce seeded fruits. Pollen from flower in a stage previous to anthesis, set fruits, but these fruits had not seeds

Caracterización de células madre tumorales en cáncer de pulmón no microcítico

[EN] Background: Despite the advances in the molecular characterization of lung cancer, chemoresistance, tumor progression and metastasis make of lung cancer the first cause of death cancer-related worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are small subpopulations of stem-like cells with self-renewal, differentiation and tumorigenic properties that constitute a promising target, but remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to isolate and analyze gene expression of CSCs from lung cancer cell-lines and tumor-tissue from resectable NSCLC patients. Methods: This study was performed on cells from NSCLC tumor samples and cell lines (H1650, H1993, A549 and PC9) grown in monolayer and as spheroids. The expression of: CSC-markers (CD133, EPCAM1, ALDH1A1, CD166, ABCG2, CD44, MUC1, BMI1); pluripotency (KLF4, OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, MYC, CCND1); cell cycle (CDKN1A, CDKN2A, MDM2, WEE1); invasiveness (CDH1, VIM, SNAI1, MMP2, MMP9, CEACAM5); Notch pathway (NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3, DLL1, DLL4, HEY1, HES1); Wnt pathway (WNT1, WNT2, WNT3, WNT5A, CTNBB1, DKK1, FZD7) and Hedgehog pathway (SMO, PTCH1, SHH, GLI1) were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Housekeeping genes ACTB, CDKN1B and GUSB were used as endogenous controls for relative expression calculation. Results: Lung tumorspheres had increased expression of EPCAM1, CD44, ALDH1A1 and CDKN1A (p= 0.028, p= 0.021, p= 0.043 and p= 0.021, respectively) when compared to their paired-adherent cells. In addition, epithelial to mesenquimal transition (EMT) inducer SNAI1 was overexpressed (p= 0.011) in tumorspheres. Regarding Notch pathway, DLL4, NOTCH1 and NOTCH2 showed higher expression in spheroids (p= 0.028, p= 0.038 and p= 0.036, respectively). In Wnt pathway, we found higher expression levels of WNT3, CTNBB1 and GSK3B (p= 0.021, p= 0.008 and p= 0.021, respectively) in lungspheres, whereas the activator of the non-canonical Wnt pathway, WNT5A, tended to be less expressed in spheroids compared to adherent-cultured cells. No significant differences were found in other analyzed genes. Conclusions: Lung spheroids from cancer cell lines and primary tumors showed increased levels of CSC-markers. Genes related to Notch and Wnt were found to be more expressed in tumorspheres, suggesting these pathways as interesting lung-CSC targets.[ES] Introducción: A pesar de los avances en la caracterización molecular del cáncer de pulmón, la resistencia a la quimioterapia, la progresión tumoral y la metástasis hacen del mismo la primera causa de muerte debida a cáncer a nivel mundial. Las células madre tumorales (CSC) son pequeñas subpoblaciones de células con capacidad de autorenovación, diferenciación y tumorigenicidad que constituyen una diana terapéutica prometedora, pero cuya caracterización es aún un campo poco explorado. El objetivo de este trabajo es aislar y analizar la expresión génica de CSCs procedentes de líneas celulares de cáncer de pulmón y de tejido tumoral de pacientes con cáncer de pulmón no microcítico (CPNM) en estadios resecables. Material y Métodos: El estudio se realizó en líneas celulares (H1650, H1993, A549 and PC9) y muestras tumorales de pacientes resecados con CPNM crecidas en monocapa y en placas de baja adherencia con medio sin suero (tumoresferas). La expresión de marcadores de CSC (CD133, EPCAM1, ALDH1A1, CD166, ABCG2, CD44, MUC1, BMI1), genes de pluripotencia (KLF4, OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, MYC, CCND1), genes reguladores del ciclo celular (CDKN1A, CDKN2A, MDM2, WEE1), genes asociados a metástasis (CDH1, VIM, SNAI1, MMP2, MMP9, CEACAM5); y genes de las vías de señalización Notch (NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3, DLL1, DLL4, HEY1, HES1); Wnt (WNT1, WNT2, WNT3, WNT5A, CTNBB1, DKK1, FZD7) y Hedgehog (SMO, PTCH1, SHH, GLI1) fue analizada mediante PCR cuantitativa a tiempo real (qPCR), normalizándose frente a la expresión de tres genes controles seleccionados: ACTB, CDKN1B y GUSB , utilizados para el cálculo de la expresión relativa. Resultados: Las tumoresferas de pulmón presentan una expresión incrementada de EPCAM1, CD44, ALDH1A1 y CDKN1A (p= 0.028, p= 0.021, p= 0.043 and p= 0.021, respectivamente) comparadas con sus correspondientes células crecidas en adherencia. Además, el inductor de la transición epitelio-mesenquimal (EMT), SNAI1, está sobreexpresado (p= 0.011) en tumoresferas. Los genes de la vía Notch: DLL4, NOTCH1 y NOTCH2 también muestran mayor expresión en esferoides (p= 0.028, p= 0.038 and p= 0.036, respectivamente) que en células crecidas en monocapas. En cuanto a los genes de la ruta de Wnt, se observan mayores niveles de expresión de WNT3, CTNBB1 and GSK3B (p= 0.021, p= 0.008 and p= 0.021, respectivamente) en esferoides, mientras que el activador de la vía no canónica de Wnt, WNT5A, tiende a estar menos expresado en las células cultivadas en suspensión frente a las células cultivadas en adherencia. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el resto de genes analizados. Conclusiones: Las tumoresferas de pulmón obtenidas a partir de líneas celulares y tumores primarios de pacientes muestran mayores niveles de marcadores de CSC. Además, genes pertenecientes a las rutas de señalización de Notch y Wnt están mayoritariamente expresados en tumoresferas, sugiriendo estas vías de señalización como dianas potenciales contra las CSC en cáncer de pulmón.Herreros Pomares, A. (2016). Characterization of cancer stem cells from non-small cell lung cancer. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/146816TFG

Optimisation of a Machine Learning algorithm applied to detection of cancer-associated fibroblasts

Treballs Finals de Grau de Física, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2021, Tutora: Núria Gavara CasasThe activation of certain cells, such as fibroblasts, with the appearance of cancer has been studied and established. In order to accelerate and cheapen breast cancer diagnosis the optimisation of machine learning algorithms can be a powerful tool. Using two different data sets we studied the performance of different machine learning algorithms. We also studied the relevance of the different studied parameters, which could lead to some relevant biomedical conclusions. Further, we discuss the results obtained and discuss key aspects for improving the analysis of such experiments, as well as future directions for the use of Machine Learning in research against cance

Workplace Innovation: Programmes as public policy instruments. The case of the Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa

229 p.En la era de la robotización y la digitalización aspectos como la productividad y la calidad de la vidalaboral emergen como cuestiones de gran importancia para la competitividad y progreso social. Eneste marco los programas para la promoción de la innovación en los contextos de trabajo seanalizan como instrumentos de políticas pública.La tesis expone el caso de la Diputación Foral de Gipuzkoa y el Programa implementado en elTerritorio Histórico de Gipuzkoa en el periodo 2014-2015. El marco analítico empleado parte de unmodelo desarrollado, primero por F. Naschold y posteriormente por T. Alasoini, que emplea seisdimensiones: el contexto político; la orientación al aprendizaje; la participación; el desarrollo de lainfraestructura territorial; el networking horizontal; y los objetivos y recursos.La tesis incluye un compendio de contribuciones en forma de tres artículos científicos