Features of family anxiety and marital relationship in individuals married to HIV-infected injecting drug users

The objective: to study the peculiarities of family anxiety and marital relations among persons married to an HIV-infected injection drug user (IDU) in order to understand possible targets for further medical and psychological work with this contingent. Contingent and methods. In 2010 - 2017 on the basis of the Vinnitsa Regional Drug Treatment Center "Sociotherapy" a clinical-psychopathological and psychodiagnostic survey of 113 HIV-infected IDUs and their family members was conducted. Results On the basis of analysis of the characteristics of family anxiety and the state of marital relationships in families of HIV-infected IDUs, signs of their distortion are established in almost all surveyed. Marital partners of HIV-infected IDUs were characterized by high general family anxiety, due to high indicators for all its components - fault, anxiety and stress. The married relationship of the surveyed was based on a reduced (in most cases) one-component love. The feeling of the majority of the partners of HIV-infected IDUs, as it seemed, was a duty, through which they did not break the relationship with proband, was interpreted by us as a manifestation of the co-dependence of these individuals. Consequently, the results of the study indicated that they had family and marital maladaptation as a consequence of co-dependent relationships. The data obtained should be taken into account when planning a medical-psychological support event for this contingent

A study of the green leaf volatile biochemical pathway as a source of important flavour and aroma precursors in Sauvignon blanc grape berries

Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are short-chain acylic aldehydes, alcohols and esters produced by plants via enzymatic metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). GLVs are known to affect flavour and aroma of fruits and vegetables, including grapes. It has also been suggested that C6 and C5 GLVs are the precursors of volatile thiols, the aroma compounds that are important in Sauvignon blanc wine. GLVs are produced during grape berry development and released in high quantities upon berry crush. GLV aldehydes are formed from PUFAs by the action of two enzymes, lipoxygenase (LOX) and hydroperoxide lyase (HPL). This biochemical pathway is well characterised in other plant species and is known as the GLV pathway. To date, the GLV pathway has not been characterised in grapes. This thesis focuses on identification and initial characterisation of LOX and HPL genes and enzymes involved in the GLV-pathway. LOXs are a group of non-haem iron-containing dioxygenases that catalyse oxygenation of PUFAs producing PUFA-hydroperoxides. The most common PUFA substrates in plants are linoleic acid (LA, 18:2) and α-linolenic acid (LnA, 18:3). Depending on the position of oxygenation of the 18-carbon chain PUFAs, all plant LOXs are classified as 13(S) - and 9(S)-LOXs. 13(S)-LOXs are further regarded as type II and type I enzymes, depending on the presence or absence of transit peptides in the amino acid sequences of these enzymes respectively. HPLs belong to the CYP74 enzyme family, which is represented by atypical members of cytochrome P450 oxidases superfamily. HPLs cleave PUFA-hydroperoxides, producing aldehydes and oxoacids. Depending on the substrate specificity, HPLs are classified as 13-HPLs, 9/13-HPLs or 9-HPLs. The research reveals the complexity of the genetic makeup of the GLV metabolic pathway in grapes. Eighteen putative LOX genes and six putative HPL genes were identified in the Pinot noir grape genome. Phylogenetic analysis of the identified grape LOXs classified them as members of two groups, type II 13-LOXs and 9-LOXs, whereas all identified grape HPLs were classified as 13-HPLs (CYP-74B) and 9/13-HPLs (CYP-74C). Several LOX and HPL genes were expressed at different levels in Sauvignon blanc berry. Study of selected LOX and HPL gene expression revealed different levels of expression and differential tissue distribution of individual LOX and HPL genes within the berry. The studied genes also displayed different patterns of expression across different stages of berry development, upon wounding and in berries infected with Botrytis cinerea. Amongst the four LOX gene studied, transcripts of VvLOXA were the most abundant at all stages during berry development. VvLOXO was induced transiently upon berry damage and was a clear candidate involved in berry response to wounding. Expression levels of VvLOXC and VvLOXO were significantly increased in berries infected with Botrytis cinerea compared to the uninfected berries. In vitro biochemical analysis of the reaction products of recombinant VvLOXA (LOXA-TP) and VvLOXO (LOXO-TP) confirmed that these two enzymes are 13-LOXs. Both enzymes preferred LnA as a substrate. Both enzymes had the same temperature optima of 25°C, but preferred different pH conditions. Recombinant LOXA-TP preferred acidic environment and had pH optimum of pH 5.5, while LOXO-TP preferred neutral-to-basic conditions and had pH optimum of pH 7.5. Preliminary experiments with recombinant VvHPLA showed its ability to metabolise 13(S)-hydroperoxides, releasing C6 volatile aldehydes. Recombinant VvHPLA exhibited maximum activity with 13(S)-hydroperoxides of LnA as substrate at pH 5.0

Mechanisms of proton-proton inelastic cross-section growth in multi-peripheral model within the framework of perturbation theory. Part 2

We demonstrate a new technique for calculating proton-proton inelastic cross-section, which allows one by application of the Laplace' method replace the integrand in the integral for the scattering amplitude in the vicinity of the maximum point by expression of Gaussian type. This in turn, allows one to overcome the computational difficulties for the calculation of the integrals expressing the cross section to sufficiently large numbers of particles. We have managed to overcome these problems in calculating the proton-proton inelastic cross-section for production (n \le 8) number of secondary particles in within the framework of \phi^3 model. As the result the obtained dependence of inelastic cross-section and total scattering cross-section on the energy \sqrt{s} are qualitative agrees with the experimental data. Such description of total cross-section behavior differs considerably from existing now description, where reggeons exchange with the intercept greater than unity is considered.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures (v3: some inaccuracies corrected

Effect of Soil Moisture Status and Animal Treading on N\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eO Emissions and the Effectiveness of a Nitrification Inhibitor Mitigation Technology

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas with a long-term global warming potential about 298 times that of carbon dioxide (CO2). In grazed grassland, most of the N2O is emitted from nitrogen (N) excreted by the grazing animal, particularly in the animal urine. When the soil is wet, such as that in winter grazing conditions, animal grazing can cause soil structural damage, leading to soil compaction. The combination of a wet soil plus soil compaction is particularly conducive for N2O production. A nitrification inhibitor technology using dicyandiamide (DCD) has been developed to reduce N2O emissions from grazed grassland (Di and Cameron 2002; 2003). However, the efficacy of this technology under wet and compact soil conditions has not been well studied. The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) The impact of soil moisture content on the abundance of ammonia oxidizers and N2O emissions; (2) the impact of animal treading on N2O emissions; and (3) The effectiveness of the nitrification inhibitor DCD in reducing N2O emissions, as affected by soil moisture status and animal treading

DIGITAL TOOLS IN THE DESIGN PRACTICE FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF UNDERGROUND PIPELINES WITH TRENCHLESS METHODS

The article focuses on the possibilities of multi-optional design of repair and rehabilitation works on dilapidated pressure pipeline networks with the use of automated complexes in order to achieve minimum energy costs in water transportation with regard to the temperature factor. Two automated programs based on hydraulic and energy calculation operations are presented as digital tools. As a basic variant of reconstruction of dilapidated pipelines, the trenchless Swagelining technology was accepted. It is realized by pulling pre-compressed polymer pipes into old pipelines with their subsequent straightening. The paper presents information on regulatory and technical documentation and the application of advanced technology, installation and operation conditions, as well as comparative assessment of energy consumption after reconstruction of dilapidated sections of pipelines with polymer pipes with the possibility of minimizing energy consumption during water transportation under non-isothermal conditions of pipeline operation

SCRIPDB: a portal for easy access to syntheses, chemicals and reactions in patents

The patent literature is a rich catalog of biologically relevant chemicals; many public and commercial molecular databases contain the structures disclosed in patent claims. However, patents are an equally rich source of metadata about bioactive molecules, including mechanism of action, disease class, homologous experimental series, structural alternatives, or the synthetic pathways used to produce molecules of interest. Unfortunately, this metadata is discarded when chemical structures are deposited separately in databases. SCRIPDB is a chemical structure database designed to make this metadata accessible. SCRIPDB provides the full original patent text, reactions and relationships described within any individual patent, in addition to the molecular files common to structural databases. We discuss how such information is valuable in medical text mining, chemical image analysis, reaction extraction and in silico pharmaceutical lead optimization. SCRIPDB may be searched by exact chemical structure, substructure or molecular similarity and the results may be restricted to patents describing synthetic routes. SCRIPDB is available at http://dcv.uhnres.utoronto.ca/SCRIPDB

Efficacy of complex treatment of postpartum endometritis by activate low-frequency ultrasound solution of cytokins

In the complex treatment of postpartum endometritis (PE), an important role is played by local measures to influence the postpartum uterus and correct selection immune drugs that reduce the risk of pathological changes in the endometrium and the formation of chronic endometritis. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and long-term results of treatment of mild forms of postpartum endometritis using uterine cavity irrigation drug solution is cavitating low-frequency ultrasound, complemented by local Cytokine therapy. Materials and methods. In the treatment of PE in 60 patients we used a low frequency ultrasound cavitation machine FOTEK AK101 and the preparation for the local immune betaleukin. Control examination was conducted on an outpatient basis at 6 months after discharge from hospital. Evaluation was based on complaints, clinical and laboratory data, pelvic ultrasound, histological examination of biopsy of the endometrium, bacteriological examination of discharge of the cervical canal.Results. The therapy cupping PE symptoms noted in earlier periods in patients who underwent rehabilitation cavitating solutions of the uterus, and the development of long-term complications noted in a smaller percentage of cases in patients, in which treatment was applied betaleukin. Following a comprehensive therapy for immunohistochemical study of the endometrium the development of chronic endometritis confirmed by 5% as opposed to the group of women who did not receive this type of treatment in which it was detected in 85%.Conclusion. The results showed high efficiency of this method of treatment and allowed to reduce the incidence of chronic endometritis in the long term in patients with PE.В комплексном лечении послеродовых эндометритов (ПЭ) важная роль принадлежит локальным методам воздействия на послеродовую матку и правильный подбор иммунокоррегирующих препаратов, что уменьшает риск развития патологических изменений в эндометрии и формирования хронического эндометрита. Цель исследования: оценить эффективность и отдаленные результаты лечения легких форм послеродового эндометрита при использовании орошения полости матки лекарственными растворами, кавитированными низкочастотным ультразвуком, дополненным местной цитокинотерапией. Материалы и методы исследования. В лечении ПЭ у 60 пациенток нами применялось орошение полости матки кавитированным раствором препарата для местной иммунокоррекции беталейкин с использованием низкочастотного ультразвукового аппарата Ф0ТЕКАК101. Контрольное обследование было проведено в амбулаторных условиях через 6 месяцев после выписки из стационара. Оценка результатов основывалось на жалобах, клинико-лабораторных данных УЗИ органов малого таза, гистологического исследования биоптата эндометрия, бактериологического исследования отделяемого цервикального канала. Результаты. На фоне проводимого лечения купирование симптомов ПЭ отмечалось в более ранние сроки у пациенток, которым проводилась санация полости матки кавитированными растворами диоксидина и беталейкина, а развитие отдаленных осложнений отмечено в меньшем проценте случаев у пациенток, в лечении которых применялся беталейкин. После проведенной комплексной терапии при иммуногистохимическом исследовании эндометрия развитие хронического эндометрита подтверждено в 5% в отличие от группы женщин, не получавших данный вид лечения, у которых он был выявлен в 85%. Заключение. Результат исследования показал высокую эффективность данного метода лечения и позволил снизить частоту хронического эндометрита в отдаленном периоде у пациенток с ПЭ

Efficacy of complex treatment of postpartum endometritis by activate low-frequency ultrasound solution of cytokins

In thе complex treatment of postpartum endometritis (PE), an important role is played by local measures to influence the postpartum uterus and correct selection immune drugs that reduce the risk of pathological changes in the endometrium and the formation of chronic endometritis. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and long-term results of treatment of mild forms of postpartum endometritis using uterine cavity irrigation drug solution is cavitating low-frequency ultrasound, complemented by local Cytokine therapy. Materials and methods. In the treatment of PE in 60 patients we used a low frequency ultrasound cavitation machine FOTEK AK101 and the preparation for the local immune betaleukin. Control examination was conducted on an outpatient basis at 6 months after discharge from hospital. Evaluation was based on complaints, clinical and laboratory data, pelvic ultrasound, histological examination of biopsy of the endometrium, bacteriological examination of discharge of the cervical canal. Results. The therapy cupping PE symptoms noted in earlier periods in patients who underwent rehabilitation cavitating solutions of the uterus, and the development of long-term complications noted in a smaller percentage of cases in patients, in which treatment was applied betaleukin. Following a comprehensive therapy for immunohistochemical study of the endometrium the development of chronic endometritis confirmed by 5% as opposed to the group of women who did not receive this type of treatment in which it was detected in 85%. Conclusion. The results showed high efficiency of this method of treatment and allowed to reduce the incidence of chronic endometritis in the long term in patients with PE.В комплексном лечении послеродовых эндометритов (ПЭ) важная роль принадлежит локальным методам воздействия на послеродовую матку и правильный подбор иммунокоррегнрующих препаратов, что уменьшает риск развития патологических изменений в эндометрии и формирования хронического эндометрита. Цель исследования: оценить эффективность и отдаленные результаты лечения легких форм послеродового эндометрита при использовании орошения полости матки лекарственными растворами, кавитированными низкочастотным ультразвуком, дополненным местной цитокинотерапией. Материалы и методы исследования. В лечении ПЭ у 60 пациенток нами применялось орошение полости матки кавитированным раствором препарата для местной иммунокоррекции бвталейкин с использованием низкочастотного ультразвукового аппарата Ф0ТЕКАК101. Контрольное обследование было проведено в амбулаторных условиях через 6 месяцев после выписки из стационара. Оценка результатов основывалось на жалобах, клинико-лабораторных данных УЗИ органов малого таза, гистологического исследования биоптата эндометрия, бактериологического исследования отделяемого цервикального канала. Результаты. На фоне проводимого лечения купирование симптомов ПЭ отмечалось в более ранние сроки у пациенток, которым проводилась санация полости матки кавитированными растворами диоксидина и беталейкина, а развитие отдаленных осложнений отмечено в меньшем проценте случаев у пациенток, в лечении которых применялся беталейкин. После проведенной комплексной терапии при иммуногшохимическом исследовании эндометрия развитие хронического эндометрита подтверждено в 5% в отличие от группы женщин, не получавших данный вид лечения, у которых он был выявлен в 85%. Заключение. Результат исследования показал высокую эффективность данного метода лечения и позволил снизить частоту хронического эндометрита в отдаленном периоде у пациенток с ПЭ