The World of Nonfiction Picturebooks

A review of \u27Verbal and Visual Strategies in Nonfiction Picturebooks\u27 which was edited by Nina Goga, Sarah Hoem Iversen and Anne-Stefi Teigland. The book was published in 2021 by Scandinavian University Press in Oslo

Epidemiology of HIV infection

Do kraja 2007. godine, prema procjenama UNAIDS-a, više od 25 milijuna ljudi umrlo je od AIDS-a, a još ih 33 milijuna živi s infekcijom HIV-om. U Istočnoj Europi u zadnjih se deset godina bilježi nagli porast incidencije i prevalencije HIV-a, ponajprije u populaciji intravenskih korisnika droga, dok u Zapadnoj Europi dominira heteroseksualni i homoseksualni prijenos. Centralna Europa još je uvijek područje s niskom prevalencijom ove infekcije. U Republici Hrvatskoj do kraja 2007. godine zabilježena su 663 slučaja zaraze, među kojima dominira seksualni prijenos (43% homoseksualni i 39% heteroseksualni), a po učestalosti slijedi prijenos kontaminiranim priborom za injiciranje droga (9%), dok svi ostali putovi prijenosa čine manje od 5% slučajeva. Osnovne mjere za kontrolu epidemije su: provođenje istraživanja i preventivnih aktivnosti u populacijama s najvećim rizikom, osiguravanje dostupnosti anonimnog i besplatnog savjetovanja i testiranja, osiguravanje terapije za zaražene osobe i smanjivanje stigme vezanu uz ovu infekciju.According to UNAIDS estimates, over 25 million people died of AIDS by the end of 2007, and another 33 million are living with the HIV infection. During the last decade, a sudden rise in incidence and prevalence of HIV was recorded in Eastern Europe, mainly in the injecting drug users population, while in Western Europe hetero- and homosexual routes of transmission are dominant. Central Europe is still a region with a low prevalence of this infection. In the Republic of Croatia, 663 infected cases were recorded until the end of 2007. Sexual route of transmission is dominant (43% homosexual and 39% heterosexual), and it is followed by transmission via contaminated equipment for injecting drugs (9%). All other routes of transmission account for less than 5% of cases. Basic epidemic control measures include continuous research and preventive activities among most-at-risk populations, anonymous counseling and testing, therapy for those infected, and reducing stigma associated with HIV infection

Croatia: Still a Low-Level HIV Epidemic? – Seroprevalence Study

Central Europe is a region with a low prevalence of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Until the end of 2007, 663 HIV cases were recorded in Croatia, almost exclusively among most at-risk populations.The aim of this research was to determine the HIV prevalence among most at-risk populations and the level of the HIV epidemic in Croatia. According to the World Health Organization classification there are three levels of HIV epidemics: generalized (prevalence in general population >1%), concentrated (prevalence in general population <1% and prevalence in at least one of the most at-risk populations >5%) and low-level epidemic (prevalence in general population <1% and prevalence in each most at-risk population <5%). This was a research with convenience samples of most at-risk populations. The respondents were recruited by their peers, all non-governmental organizations that provide services for most at-risk populations and the researchers. Sera were tested using the fourth generation enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (EIA test) and reactive test were confirmed using the Western Blot test. In this research, the highest HIV prevalence was found within the men who have sex with men group (7/232=3%, 95%CI=1.3–6.3%) and commercial sex workers (1/70=1.4%, 95%CI= 1–7.8%). In these samples we were unable to determine whether Croatia is facing a low-level epidemic due to the fact that the prevalences were not statistically significantly lower than 5% (p=0.115 and p=0.1, respectively). For the remaining samples the prevalence was statistically significantly lower than 5%, which points to a low-level epidemic. The prevalences in these samples were 7/593=1.2% (95% CI=0.5–2.4%) in people with more than two sexual partners within the last 12 months, 2/249=0.8% (95%CI=0–2.9%) in people with sexually transmitted infections in history, 2/317=0.6% (95%CI=0–2.2%) in clients of sexual workers, 2/323=0.6% (95%CI=0–2.2%) in injecting drug users and 0.2% (95%CI= 0–1%) in the sample of migrant workers. Based on the results of this survey, Croatia would be classified as having a low-level HIV epidemic although the confidence limits in two most-at-risk groups, men who have sex with men and commercial sex workers, overlap 5%

Izbor staništa vjetruše Falco tinnunculus u Zagrebu

Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus is a bird of prey that colonized European cities most successfully. It is a resident bird in Zagreb, nesting in the centre of the city. The main purpose of this study was to locate and analyse the positions of active nests of Common Kestrels during the breeding season of 2017 in Zagreb. “The Atlas of breeding birds of Zagreb” was used as the basis of knowledge about the distribution of Kestrels in Zagreb. After the field research, the characteristics of nesting sites were analysed; subsequently – by using GIS program – the distances between nesting sites and nearest urban green areas that are used for foraging were measured. This study gave insight into the habitat preferences for the nesting of Kestrels in Zagreb. It has been shown that the most suitable buildings for the nesting of Kestrels in Zagreb are residential buildings with an average height of 50.1 meters. Beside smaller urban green areas, large green areas outside the city centre were also of great importance, with the embankment of the Sava river proved to be the most significant one.Urbanizirana područja sve se više šire te uništavajući prirodna staništa utječu na smanjenje raznolikosti životinjskih vrsta, a u manjoj mjeri stvaraju i nova staništa za određene vrste. Povećanje urbanizacije obično dovodi do povećanja biomase ptica ali i do smanjenja raznolikosti vrsta. Za ptice grabljivice urbana staništa mogu biti od vrhunske kvalitete, jer su u takvim staništima grabljivice često zaštićene od progona te mogu imati i zadovoljavajuću opskrbu hranom što im omogućava nastanjivanje inače neprikladnih ili neproduktivnih mjesta za gniježđenje. Među europskim grabljivicama, vjetruša (Falco tinnunculus) najuspješnije zauzima urbana područja što pokazuje viša stopa razmnožavanja kod urbanih populacija u usporedbi sa populacijama poljoprivrednih zemljišta. Vjetruša je jedna od najčešćih malih grabljivica u Europi koja, u usporedbi sa ostalim vrstama grabljivica, najuspješnije zauzima urbana područja. Stanarica je u gradu Zagrebu, prisutna je u gradu kroz cijelu godinu, te se gnijezdi i u samom centru grada. Cilj ovoga rada bio je najprije locirati a zatim i analizirati položaj trenutno aktivnih gnijezda vjetruša na području grada Zagreba u sezoni gniježđenja 2017. godine. Kao osnova poznavanja rasprostranjenosti vjetruše u Zagrebu poslužio je Atlas ptica gnjezdarica grada Zagreba. Nakon provedenog terenskog istraživanja, analizirane su značajke gnjezdišta, te su pomoću GIS programa izračunate udaljenosti analiziranih gnijezda do najbližih gradskih zelenih površina koje vjetruše koriste za lov i prehranu. Ovo istraživanje dalo je uvid u izbor staništa za gniježđenje vjetruša u Zagrebu. Rezultati su pokazali da je vjetrušama od najveće važnosti pri odabiru staništa tip građevine na kojima se gnijezdi te udaljenosti gnijezda do zelenih površina unutar i izvan centra grada. Stambene zgrade pokazale su se kao najpogodniji tip građevina za gniježđenje vjetruša, a visine građevina u većini slučajeva iznose između 25 i 70 metara (prosječno 50,1± 26,1 metara) visine. Također je dokazano i to da vjetruše većinom biraju najviše dostupne građevine. Važnu ulogu pri odabiru staništa unutar centra grada predstavljaju manje zelene površine unutar kojih se nalazi većina analiziranih gnijezda, no od velike važnosti zbog mogućnosti lova predstavljaju i velike zelene površine udaljenije od samog centra grada

СУЗБИЈАЊЕ ТЕРОРИЗМА И КРИВИЧНИ ЗАКОНИК НЕМАЧКЕ

We are witnessing the time when terrorist incidents escalate all around the world. During the last several decades the international community has been working on creation of mechanisms to prosecute and punish the offenders of serious crimes such as terrorism. The states are more and more focused on harmonizing national criminal legislations with the international documents in order to unify incriminations of terrorism, as well as terrorism-related crimes. This harmonization includes also the punishments in order to prevent the terrorists to take advantage of favourable conditions which result from the differences among the national legislations. Despite great willingness and increasing consensus among the states regarding the reform and further development of legal solutions, this process faces many challenges. The central part of this paper consists of the answers to the question if the Federal Republic of Germany, faced with the threat of global terrorism, has adequate criminal provisions, i.e. if the implementation of the most important international documents has been made. This paper offers the review of the development of contemporary German criminal law in the field of fighting terrorism and gives the answer to the question if there is a harmony between the measures applied by the German criminal legislation in order to suppress terrorism as well as criteria which are considered consistent with the principles of the rule of law.Сведоци смо времена у коме терористички инциденти ескалирају широм света. Међународна заједница је у последњих неколико деценија интензивно радила на креирању механизама за гоњење и кажњавање учинилаца тешких кривичних дела као што је тероризам. Државе су све више фокусиране на усклађивање националних кривичних законодавстава са међународним документима у правцу унификовања инкриминације тероризма, као и са њим повезаним кривичним делима. Хармонизација обухвата и запрећене казне како би се спречили учиниоци кривичног дела тероризма да користе погодности које су последица разлика између националних законодавстава. Упркос великој спремности и све већем консензусу међу државама по питању реформе и даљег развоја законских решења, овај процес суочен је са многим изазовима. Централни део рада представља давање одговора на питање да ли Савезна Република Немачка, суочена са претњом глобалног тероризма, има адекватне кривичноправне одредбе тј. да ли је извршена имплементација најважнијих међународних докумената. Овај чланак нуди преглед развоја савременог немачког кривичног права на пољу борбе против тероризма и даје одговор на питање да ли постоји склад између мера које се у немачком кривичном законодавству примењују у циљу сузбијања тероризма и критеријума који се сматрају доследним принципима правне државе

Metakognitivne strategije kod mlađih učenika engleskog jezika

The first part of this paper gives a theoretical overview of language learning strategies, with an emphasis on metacognitive language learning strategies. Metacognitive strategies are methods used to help learners understand the way they learn; processes learners use to think about their own thinking. As they become aware of how they learn, learners will use metacognition in order to efficiently acquire new information, and consequently, become more independent in their learning. The second part of this paper consists of a study into young learners’ language learning strategies when it comes to English as a second language, with special attention given to metacognitive language learning strategies. A sample of 15 learners was used in order to find out whether young learners use metacognitive strategies in learning new vocabulary in English. The data was elicited by a task that examined the usage of metacognitive language learning strategies, which included a think-aloud protocol followed by a semi-structured interview. The results show that young learners have an awareness of language learning processes and strategies, but do not always know how to use it in order to improve their learning

Habitat preferences of common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus L.) in Zagreb

Vjetruša (Falco tinnunculus L.) je ptica iz porodice sokolovki (Falconidae). Jedna je od najčešćih malih grabljivica u Europi koja, u usporedbi sa ostalim vrstama grabljivica, najuspješnije zauzima urbana područja. Vjetruša je stanarica u gradu Zagrebu, prisutna je u gradu kroz cijelu godinu, te se gnijezdi i u samom centru grada. Cilj ovoga rada bio je najprije locirati a zatim i analizirati položaj trenutno aktivnih gnijezda vjetruša na području grada Zagreba u sezoni gniježđenja 2017. godine. Kao osnova poznavanja rasprostranjenosti vjetruše u Zagrebu poslužio je Atlas ptica gnjezdarica grada Zagreba. Nakon provedenog terenskog istraživanja, analizirane su značajke gnjezdišta, te su pomoću GIS programa izračunate udaljenosti analiziranih gnijezda do najbližih gradskih zelenih površina koje vjetruše koriste za lov i prehranu. Ovo istraživanje dalo je uvid u izbor staništa za gniježđenje vjetruša u Zagrebu. Rezultati su pokazali da je vjetrušama od najveće važnosti pri odabiru staništa tip građevine na kojima se gnijezdi te udaljenosti gnijezda do zelenih površina unutar i izvan centra grada.The common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus L.) is a bird species belonging to the falcon family Falconidae. It is one of the most common small birds of prey in Europe which, compared to other birds of prey, colonized cities most successfully. The common kestrel is a non-migratory bird in Zagreb, it is present trough whole year and nesting in the center of the city. The main purpose of this study was to locate and analyze the positions of currently active nests of common kestrels during the breeding season of 2017. in Zagreb. „Atlas ptica gnjezdarica grada Zagreba“ was used as the basis of knowledge about kestrels distribution in Zagreb. After field research, the characteristics of nesting sites were analyzed, then by using GIS program the distances between nesting sites and nearest urban green areas that are used for hunting and nutrition were measured. This study gave insight into the habitat preferences for nesting of kestrels in Zagreb. The results have shown that the most important characteristics for kestrel nesting are the type of building and distances between nesting sites and green areas inside and outside the city center

Towards a Different Knowledge: the Knjiženstvo Database and the Digitisation of Materials

The first part of this paper introduces the concept of digital humanities and the phases that some researchers note in the development of the humanities in new, digital media, as well as the role of digital humanities in the promotion of the marginalised literatures, particularly that written by women. The core example is the digital database Knjiženstvo, certain segments of which contain not only the data on the texts, but the digitised texts as well. In this paper, we pose the question on how databases can be involved in the creation of new knowledge at all educational levels. To this effect, we necessarily expand certain segments of the database to include those publications on which they already contain information. In relation to this, it has been observed that one of the greatest problems is the part of the database dealing with the periodicals – both women and feminist – and therefore, the second part of the paper is dedicated to this topic. We first analyze the terms women and feminist magazines, and afterwards, we consider the ways in which the materials from these periodicals could be gathered, classified and connected

Carbon footprint of oil-immersed transformers

Končar Distribution and Special Transformers, a company in Croatia, has recognized the importance of fighting climate change and reducing CO2 emissions. To quantify the environmental impact of their products, they have conducted carbon footprint studies based on the ISO 14067:2018 standard and used the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. The LCA covers three phases: upstream, core, and downstream, and applies to various industries. The result of the analysis is expressed as CO2 equivalent using the single impact category of climate change

Risk Behaviors for Getting HIV Infection among the Croatian Men Who Have Sex with Men in 2007

This survey was conducted with the aim of obtaining the information on the sexual risk behavior of Croatian men who have sex with men (MSM) two years after the first research. There was total of 820 respondents recruited at seven frequent meeting places of Croatian MSM in Zagreb and Rijeka, as well as one gay-oriented web-site. The overall response rate was 17.6% which is 1.4 percentage point less than it was two years ago. The rate of condom use during last anal intercourse was 53.2% and 69% of those who used a lubricant had chosen a correct water-based product which is increase of 15% comparing to the last research. Only 27% of those who had also had sex with women (MSM/MSW) during last 12 months regularly used protection. The results of this research suggest that there are trends in declining of some risk behaviors among Croatian MSM but there is a lot