Crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever: a global perspective

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is caused by infection with a tick-borne virus (Nairovirus) in the family Bunyaviridae, causing severe and often fatal haemorrhagic fever in humans. CCHF is pervasive, now found in Europe, Asia, Africa, the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. CCHF spreads to humans either by tick bites or by contact with blood and tissues from infected animals or humans. CCHF outbreaks constitute a threat to public health services because of its epidemic potential, its high case fatality ratio (10-40%), and its potential for nosocomial outbreaks and its quandaries in treatment and prevention. It is characterized by sudden onset with initial sign symptoms including fever, chills, agitations, myalgia, headaches, vomiting, abdominal pain, arthralgia, ecchymosis, melena, haematuria, nose bleeding, vaginal bleeding, bradycardia, thrombocytopenia. It is diagnosed by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) assay, ELISA test, antigen detection tests. Overall supportive therapy is the mainstay of patient management in CCHF. Seriously ill patients require intensive care. Ribavirin for the treatment of CCHF cases it is most effective, if administered very soon after the onset of clinical signs (e.g., during the first 48 hours). Prevention should be taken which reduce risk of tick to human transmission and human to human transmission

Electrorheological Rayleigh-Taylor Instability at the Interface between a Porous Layer and Thin Shell with Poorly Conducting Couple Stress Fluid

This paper is concerned with the study of the Electrorheological Rayleigh-Taylor instability (ERTI) at the interface between a densely packed saturated poorly conducting couple stress porous layer accelerated by a lighter poorly conducting couple stress fluid in a thin shell in the presence of a transverse electric field and laser radiation. A simple theory based on fully developed flow approximations is used to derive the dispersion relation for the growth rate of ERTI. The cutoff and the maximum wave numbers and the corresponding maximum frequencies are obtained. It is shown that the effects of couple stress parameter and the electric field reduce the growth rate considerably compared to a non-conducting fluid in the absence of an electric field. These are favorable to control the surface instabilities in many practical applications discussed in this paper

Spiritual Pathology Theory of the Sound Heart Model: Socio-Cultural Factors of Spiritual Distress

Introduction: Spiritual Pathology is the study of disturbing factors in the relationship between man and God, the process of disruption in secure attachment to God, which causes spiritual distress in relation to self, people, and the world of creation.Areas covered: Balbi defines attachment as deep emotional bond with special people in life, whose interaction brings security, joy and happiness, and their presence brings peace in times of stress. Kirkpatrick generalized the style of attachment to parents to attachment to God. Expert opinion: In the Sound Heart Model, worship is natural need. The basis of religion is secure attachment to God. Secure attachment to God is belief in the presence and sufficiency of God, as a responsive safe haven. The basis of attachment to God is positive image of God and “recognizing the truth of religion” by the Prophet. The Prophet, as interpreter of Qur’an and spiritual role-model, has healthy spiritual personality. Acceptance of religion, at the time of intellectual maturity, should be done without imitation and coercion, based on knowing the truth of religion, with a free and informed choice. Spiritual pathology is the study of socio-cultural factors that cause misunderstanding of religion, negative image of God and insecure attachment to God

Autism treatment challenges: need for accelerated research in pharmacological interventions

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD

A comparative clinical study on the effect of Vibhitaki Ksharasutra and Apamarga Ksharasutra in the management of Bhagandara (Fistula-In-Ano)

Bhagandara (Fistula in Ano) at modern parlance is a common anorectal condition prevalent in the populations worldwide and its prevalence is second highest after Arsha (hemorrhoids). It is very common surgical condition necessitating safe treatment modality as open surgery may result anal incontinence in most of the time. Fistula- in- Ano is one such disease where ideal care delivery is still a challenge. It may be because of nature of disease, regional anatomy, hygiene, etc. Kshara Sutra is one of the chief modality in the treatment of Bhagandara in Ayurvedic science. Exploration of the new plants for the preparation of the Kshara as a better substitute for previously tried Ksharasutras. The Apamarga Ksharasutra is widely being practiced. When we go through the classics, we get reference regarding Vibhitaki grouped into Kshara dravyas. This Vibhitaki is not widely practiced. Apamarga Kshara is very effective but preparation of this Apamarga Kshara is not at all an easy process. It needs burning of lot of Apamarga plants, then process including boiling etc, and at the end we get very little quantity of final product. In the other hand Vibhitaki, as per reference, is also Kshara, cost effective and abundantly available as it is a huge plant will get adequate quantity of drug, hence this study is planned to evaluate the efficacy of Vibhitaki Kshara Sutra in the management of Fistula- inAno which is referred as Bhagandara in Ayurveda

Decision Support Systems and Their Role in Rationalizing the Production Plans: A Case Study on a Plant in Najaf

This research focuses on how to analyze production plans based on quantitative indicators, enabling managers to produce plans that produce the results that help make full use of resources to achieve the company’s goals, maximize profits, and reduce costs to the lowest possible level. These concepts covered in this research, presented in three parts. The first part covers the scientific methodology and literature review, the second part describes the theoretical side, including presentation and analysis of DSS and the concepts of sensitivity analysis and production planning, and the third part covers the application side, applying the discussed measurements in an organization to achieve results, and recommendations

Feature tracking for automated volume of interest stabilization on 4D-OCT images

A common representation of volumetric medical image data is the triplanar view (TV), in which the surgeon manually selects slices showing the anatomical structure of interest. In addition to common medical imaging such as MRI or computed tomography, recent advances in the field of optical coherence tomography (OCT) have enabled live processing and volumetric rendering of four-dimensional images of the human body. Due to the region of interest undergoing motion, it is challenging for the surgeon to simultaneously keep track of an object by continuously adjusting the TV to desired slices. To select these slices in subsequent frames automatically, it is necessary to track movements of the volume of interest (VOI). This has not been addressed with respect to 4DOCT images yet. Therefore, this paper evaluates motion tracking by applying state-of-the-art tracking schemes on maximum intensity projections (MIP) of 4D-OCT images. Estimated VOI location is used to conveniently show corresponding slices and to improve the MIPs by calculating thin-slab MIPs. Tracking performances are evaluated on an in-vivo sequence of human skin, captured at 26 volumes per second. Among investigated tracking schemes, our recently presented tracking scheme for soft tissue motion provides highest accuracy with an error of under 2.2 voxels for the first 80 volumes. Object tracking on 4D-OCT images enables its use for sub-epithelial tracking of microvessels for image-guidance. © 2017 SPIE

Clomiphene citrate versus letrozole for ovulation induction in anovulatory infertility: a prospective study

Background: The objective of this study was to compare clomiphene citrate with letrozole for ovulation induction in anovulatory infertile women.Methods: This study was conducted in the infertility clinic and department of obstetrics and gynecology, S.P. Medical College and Associated P. B. M. Hospital, Bikaner, Rajasthan, from 1st August 2018 to 31st July 2019. The study group comprised of infertile females attending infertility clinic or gynae outdoor in department of obstetrics and gynecology, S. P. Medical College Bikaner for infertility. 100 women with anovulatory infertility were enrolled in the study after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Proper counseling was done and written informed consent taken.Results: Ovulation rate was statistically significantly greater in letrozole group. Monofollicular development was statistically significant greater in let group (CC 18%, Let 66%). The endometrial thickness on the day of ßhCG administration in CC group was 7.40±1.08 mm and in let group was 8.20±0.82 mm. Letrozole treated cases had better trilaminar pattern of endometrium as compared to clomiphene. The pregnancy rate was higher in letrozole group.Conclusions: As compare to clomiphene, letrozole is associated with higher pregnancy rate and ovulation rates among infertile women with anovulation

Numerical Investigation of Spatial Effects on the Silicon Solar Cell

Investigating the effect of device dimension on the silicon solar cell, by using the PC1D numerical simulation environment, we report strong correlation of efficiency of the silicon solar cell with its size. The results showcase finer efficiency at the lower n-type thickness and higher p-type thickness. The internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) too exhibit variation with the device size. As a whole, based on the statistical analysis, especially regression, variance, and best subsets selection, the paper depicts that the p-type thickness, ISC and VOC are the preeminent parameters to model the silicon solar cell