MNF, an ankyrin repeat protein of myxoma virus, is part of a native cellular SCF complex during viral infection

Myxoma virus (MYXV), a member of the Poxviridae family, is the agent responsible for myxomatosis, a fatal disease in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Like all poxviruses, MYXV is known for encoding multiple proteins that regulate cellular signaling pathways. Among them, four proteins share the same ANK/PRANC structure: M148R, M149R, MNF (Myxoma Nuclear factor) and M-T5, all of them described as virulence factors. This family of poxvirus proteins, recently identified, has drawn considerable attention for its potential role in modulating the host ubiquitin-proteasome system during viral infection. To date, many members of this novel protein family have been shown to interact with SCF components, in vitro. Here, we focus on MNF gene, which has been shown to express a nuclear protein presenting nine ANK repeats, one of which has been identified as a nuclear localization signal. In transfection, MNF has been shown to colocalise with the transcription factor NF-!B in the nucleus of TNFa-stimulated cells. Functionally, MNF is a critical virulence factor since its deletion generates an almost apathogenic virus. In this study, to pursue the investigation of proteins interacting with MNF and of its mechanism of action, we engineered a recombinant MYXV expressing a GFP-linked MNF under the control of MNF native promoter. Infection of rabbits with MYXV-GFPMNF recombinant virus provided the evidence that the GFP fusion does not disturb the main function of MNF. Hence, cells were infected with MYXV-GFPMNF and immunoprecipitation of the GFPMNF fusion protein was performed to identify MNF’s partners. For the first time, endogenous components of SCF (Cullin-1 and Skp1) were co-precipitated with an ANK myxoma virus protein, expressed in an infectious context, and without over-expression of any protein

Towards Comprehensive Tsunami Mitigation Study: a Case of Legundi Island

Sunda Strait Tsunami happened in December 2018 due to a flank collapsed of Mount of Anak Krakatoa. Lampung Province was affected by Sunda Strait Tsunami at various locations that close to Mount of Anak Krakatoa. The research is conducted to modelling the tsunami wave that happened at Legundi Island in 1D model using SwanOne software. The methodology of the research is using data input from bathymetric survey and apply the wave transformation equations in the nearshore using SwanOne software to do the 1D model. There are four scenarios to do the wave modelling. All scenarios consider from former study about Sunda Strait Tsunami 2018. The results from all scenarios are verified by prior research from Takabatake (2019) of inundation height in Legundi Island, it is 3,34 m. The result shows the inundation height from wave modelling is a combination of wave height (1,533 m), water depth (1,658 m) and wave setup (0,215 m), and the outcome is 3,406 m. The model shows a fine result because the percentage error of the model is only 0,769%, which is below 5%. This research can be a good approach for another wave modelling in other locations and also to do further research to wave modelling in 2D model

Protection against myxomatosis and rabbit viral hemorrhagic disease with recombinant myxoma viruses expressing rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus capsid protein

Two myxoma virus-rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) recombinant viruses were constructed with the SG33 strain of myxoma virus to protect rabbits against myxomatosis and rabbit viral hemorrhagic disease. These recombinant viruses expressed the RHDV capsid protein (VP60). The recombinant protein, which is 60 kDa in size, was antigenic, as revealed by its reaction in immunoprecipitation with antibodies raised against RHDV. Both recombinant viruses induced high levels of RHDV- and myxoma virus-specific antibodies in rabbits after immunization. Inoculations by the intradermal route protected animals against virulent RHDV and myxoma virus challenges

Wear Behavior of AlSi10Mg Alloy Produced by Laser-Based Powder Bed Fusion and Gravity Casting

Herein, the sliding wear behavior of AlSi10Mg samples realized using laser‐based powder bed fusion (LPBF) is investigated via pin‐on‐disc (PoD) tests, before and after T6 heat treatment. The changes in the microstructure, density, and hardness induced by heat treatment are correlated with the tribological behavior of the alloy. Furthermore, short wear tests are conducted and the resulting wear tracks are investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), equipped with an energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) microprobe to elucidate how the wear mechanisms evolve with sliding distance. For comparison, gravity cast (GC) AlSi10Mg samples are also characterized and tested. The as‐built additive manufacturing (AM) sample exhibits the lowest wear rate and coefficient of friction because of its high hardness and relative density, whereas the heat‐treated sample shows the worst behavior in comparison with the GC samples. The results suggest a significant influence of porosity on the wear behavior of AM alloys

Proteomic insights on the metabolism in inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic and relapsing inflammatory conditions of the gut that include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The pathogenesis of IBD is not completely unraveled, IBD are multi-factorial diseases with reported alterations in the gut microbiota, activation of different immune cell types, changes in the vascular endothelium, and alterations in the tight junctions\u2019 structure of the colonic epithelial cells. Proteomics represents a useful tool to enhance our biological understanding and to discover biomarkers in blood and intestinal specimens. It is expected to provide reproducible and quantitative data that can support clinical assessments and help clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of IBD. Sometimes a differential diagnosis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and the prediction of treatment response can be deducted by finding meaningful biomarkers. Although some non-invasive biomarkers have been described, none can be considered as the \u201cgold standard\u201d for IBD diagnosis, disease activity and therapy outcome. For these reason new studies have proposed an \u201cIBD signature\u201d, which consists in a panel of biomarkers used to assess IBD. The above described approach characterizes \u201comics\u201d and in this review we will focus on proteomics

Laser texturing of a multilayer DLC from nano-liquid-diamond precursors via microsecond laser pulses

Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) coatings have well known mechanical properties, including high hardness, chemical stability, optical transparency and biocompatibility. In addition they are frequently used in multilayer coating systems. Laser surface texturing of DLC coatings can be a tailoring solution to optimize the coating functional parameters like roughness, wettability, wear, corrosion resistance, etc. Furthermore, compared to mechanical grinding, local laser removal could be a suitable technology for repairing locally damaged coated parts (i.e. worn surfaces, corroded surfaces, etc.) In the present work, laser surface texturing and controlled laser removal of a multilayer DLC coating obained from nano-liquid-diamond precursors have been studied using a 8W Q-switched laser (λ=532 nm) with microsecond pulses. Textured ablation as well as full planar decoating are shown through proper adjustment of laser texturing parameters

In vitro permissivity of bovine cells for wild-type and vaccinal myxoma virus strains

Myxoma virus (MYXV), a leporide-specific poxvirus, represents an attractive candidate for the generation of safe, non-replicative vaccine vector for non-host species. However, there is very little information concerning infection of non-laboratory animals species cells with MYXV. In this study, we investigated interactions between bovine cells and respectively a wild type strain (T1) and a vaccinal strain (SG33) of MYXV. We showed that bovine KOP-R, BT and MDBK cell lines do not support MYXV production. Electron microscopy observations of BT-infected cells revealed the low efficiency of viral entry and the production of defective virions. In addition, infection of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) occurred at a very low level, even following non-specific activation, and was always abortive. We did not observe significant differences between the wild type strain and the vaccinal strain of MYXV, indicating that SG33 could be used for new bovine vaccination strategies

investigation on fatigue strength of sand blasted dmls alsi10mg alloy

Abstract Fatigue resistance of Direct Metal Laser Sintered (DMLS) AlSi10Mg alloy after sand-blasting was investigated in the present study. A preliminary characterization of the samples was carried out in order to identify material microstructure, surface roughness and superficial residual stresses. It was found that the applied post-processing treatment was responsible for a strong decrease in average surface roughness as compared to the as-built condition and induced compressive residual stresses on the samples surface. Axial fatigue tests were performed in both finite and infinite (i.e. 2x106 cycles) life regimes and the obtained results were compared with literature values for the same alloy after various post-treatments, including heat treatment, machining, polishing and shot peening. A general positive effect of the applied sand-blasting on fatigue resistance was observed. This, coupled with the improvements of surface finishing, encourages the use of sand-blasting as a simple and effective post-treatment. Finally, observations of the fractured surfaces allowed also the identification of porosities located on the surface as the main crack initiation sites. Once the crack has started, it moves along a large flat area, as typical of fatigue propagation, with a small final overload region

Evaluation on the fatigue behavior of sand-blasted AlSi10Mg obtained by DMLS

In the present paper, fatigue tests were performed on sand-blasted AlSi10Mg samples produced by Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS). The effect of sand-blasting on surface properties was evaluated by roughness and residual stresses measurements, together with morphological analysis, in comparison with as-built condition. An evident improvement of surface finishing was observed after sand-blasting, which also leaded to the presence of compressive residual stress on the external surface of samples, as revealed by XRD2 measurements. Furthermore, defects analysis allowed the identification of a uniform distribution of porosities in the cross section in terms of number of defects, while larger porosities seem more abundant close to the surface. It was found that the tested material exhibits good fatigue resistance, supporting the positive role of sand-blasting as a simple post-processing treatment. Superficial defects are the preferential crack initiation sites, as demonstrated by SEM analysis of fracture surfaces