Responses of Appetite and Appetite Regulating Hormones to Acute Altitude Exposure

PURPOSE: To determine the acute response of appetite and appetite regulating hormones after exposure to simulated altitude in resting conditions. METHODS: Seven male and six female recreationally active subjects (height 178±8.1cm, weight: 77.3±24.8kg, body fat: 18.4±5.7%) participated in two, three-hour trials in an environmental chamber with one trial simulating 5000 m altitude (hypoxic) and the other simulating 350 m altitude (control). Blood samples from the antecubital vein were collected prior to entering the environmental chamber and immediately following the three hours of seated rest. Blood samples were analyzed for serum leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin concentrations via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Subjective feelings of acute mountain sickness and perceived appetite were also assessed. Heart rate, blood oxygenation, tissue oxygenation, respiration rate, and whole body gases were also analyzed throughout the trials. RESULTS: Satiety decreased over time in both trials (pCONCLUSION:Subjective appetite does not appear to be affected with acute hypoxic exposure despite alterations in oxygen transport. However, acute hormonal response may not be immediately apparent from subjective measures of appetite, and thus analysis of these hormones remains paramount to this project

Perichoretic Worship: Cultivating Relationships with the Triune God, with One Another, and with the World

A Participatory Action Research (PAR) study focusing on perichoretic worship as a way of cultivating holy relationship with the Triune God, with others, and with the world. Theoretical lenses include ritual studies, Faith Development Theory, and personhood in social relationships. Theological lenses include perichoresis, Lutheran worship, and faith practices. Using both quantitative and qualitative research, the study explores the practice of Christian worship in a large Lutheran congregation and seeks to grow active participation in the missional work of the Triune God through worship grounded in Word and Sacrament. Presents the Triune God as the active subject of Christian worship

Business in Nebraska #292 - January 1969

Changing Patterns of Communities in the Midwest (Dorothy Switzer) The regional concept of economic planning and development discussed in the December issue of Business in Nebraska was the subject also of a workshop conference on Changing Patterns of People and Communities in the Midwest, held in Omaha last month. It is deemed appropriate to report here the most significant highlight of the conference because the panel presentations and subsequent discussions further developed several important apects of regional growth. Business Summary (R. L. Busboom) Both Physical Volume and Dollar Volume Indexes for Nebraska indicate that the October, 1968 level of business activity was above that of October, 1967. For the U.S. these indexes increased over the same period at a rate slightly more than Nebraska\u27s. From September, 1968, to October, 1968, Nebraska\u27s dollar and physical volumes fell, being down about 1.6 percent. The indexes for the U.S. show some increase, with physical volume up 2.1% and dollar volume up 3.4%. Review

X-ray backscatter radiography with lower open fraction coded masks

Copyright 2017 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited.Single sided radiographic imaging would find great utility for medical, aerospace and security applications. While coded apertures can be used to form such an image from backscattered X-rays they suffer from near field limitations that introduce noise. Several theoretical studies have indicated that for an extended source the images signal to noise ratio may be optimised by using a low open fraction (<0.5) mask. However, few experimental results have been published for such low open fraction patterns and details of their formulation are often unavailable or are ambiguous. In this paper we address this process for two types of low open fraction mask, the dilute URA and the Singer set array. For the dilute URA the procedure for producing multiple 2D array patterns from given 1D binary sequences (Barker codes) is explained. Their point spread functions are calculated and their imaging properties are critically reviewed. These results are then compared to those from the Singer set and experimental exposures are presented for both type of pattern; their prospects for near field imaging are discussed

Response of Appetite and Appetite Regulating Hormones to Acute Hypoxia

AIM: To determine the acute response of appetite and appetite regulating hormones after exposure to simulated altitude. METHODS: Seven males and five females (height: 178.9 ± 2.3 cm; weight: 77.3 ± 7.2 kg; body fat: 18.4 ± 1.7%) participated in two, three-hour trials in a hypoxic (5000 m) and normoxic (350 m) environment. Blood samples were collected prior to and immediately following three hours of exposure for the measurement of leptin, adiponectin, and acylated ghrelin. Appetite, acute mountain sickness, heart rate, blood oxygenation, tissue oxygenation, respiration rate, and whole body gases were also measured. RESULTS: Leptin was not different between hypoxic (5.8 ± 1.8 ng ml-1) and normoxic trials (6.2 ± 2.0 ng ml-1; p = 0.603). Adiponectin was not different between hypoxic (9.0 ± 0.2 µg ml-1) and normoxic trials (8.4 ± 0.7 µg ml-1; p = 0.216). Acylated ghrelin was not different between hypoxic (15.0 ± 3.8 pg ml-1) and normoxic trials (16.3 ± 4.6 pg ml-1; p = 0.285). Appetite scores were not different between trials (p \u3e 0.05) with the exception of fullness which was greater in the hypoxic condition (p = 0.027). Heart rate and symptoms of acute mountain sickness were higher while blood and tissue oxygenation were lower in the hypoxic trial (p \u3c 0.05). No differences were noted in other metabolic parameters (p \u3e 0.05). CONCLUSION: Appetite and appetite regulating hormones are not affected by three hours of hypoxic exposure, and thus some of these negative consequences of hypoxic exposure may not be evident with short exposure times

Abrasionsarthroplastik bei osteochondralen Läsionen am oberen Sprunggelenk -funktionelles und klinisches Outcome-

Klinisch-retrospektive Studie zum klinschen und funktionellen Outcome nach arthroskopischer Abrasionsarthroplastik am oberen Sprunggelenk insbesondere im Hinblick auf den Einfluss von Alter, BMI, Follow up-Zeit und Geschlecht. Es wurden 40 Patienten durchschnittlich 33,5 Monate postoperativ nachuntersucht. Übergewichtige und ältere Patienten waren nur in wenigen Punkten signifikant schlechter, die Follow up-Zeit und das Geschlecht hatten keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Testergebnisse

Social influence in charitable giving.

Charities often publicize generous contributions as a fund-raising strategy to encourage individuals to donate more. This paper presents a laboratory experiment to analyze the effect of social influence in charitable giving. I conjecture that different types of social information about other donors’ decisions will have different positive effects on donations, both to increase the proportion of positive donations and the total donations contribution. In a sample of one hundred and twenty one university students, social information regarding the mode contribution and information about randomly chosen contribution suggestively increases the proportion of positive donations and total donation amount. However, neither effect is statistically significant in this experimental design