A metal sheet stiffened by a partially debonded composite quarter-plate

An isotropic sheet stiffened by means of an orthotropic quarter-plate is considered. The quarter-plate is assumed to be perfectly bonded to the metal sheet everywhere except an area of debonding which may develop due to high stress concentrations. The adhesive which has a small constant thickness is treated as a shear spring. The loads are applied at infinity and supposed to be transmitted through the metal plate. Shear stress distribution between the two plates was obtained from the continuity of displacements along an area where they were bonded to each other

The effectiveness of policies to control a human influenza pandemic : a literature review

The studies reviewed in this paper indicate that with adequate preparedness planning and execution it is possible to contain pandemic influenza outbreaks where they occur, for viral strains of moderate infectiousness. For viral strains of higher infectiousness, containment may be difficult, but it may be possible to mitigate the effects of the spread of pandemic influenza within a country and/or internationally with a combination of policies suited to the origins and nature of the initial outbreak. These results indicate the likelihood of containment success in'frontline risk'countries, given specific resource availability and level of infectiousness; as well as mitigation success in'secondary'risk countries, given the assumption of inevitable international transmission through air travel networks. However, from the analysis of the modeling results on interventions in the U.S. and U.K. after a global pandemic starts, there is a basis for arguing that the emphasis in the secondary risk countries could shift from mitigation towards containment. This follows since a mitigation-focused strategy in such developed countries presupposes that initial outbreak containment in these countries will necessarily fail. This is paradoxical if containment success at similar infectiousness of the virus is likely in developing countries with lower public health resources, based on results using similar modeling methodologies. Such a shift in emphasis could have major implications for global risk management for diseases of international concern such as pandemic influenza or a SARS-like disease.Avian Flu,Disease Control&Prevention,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Population Policies,HIV AIDS

Several intact or broken stringers attached to an orthotropic sheet with a crack

Several intact or broken stringers which are continuously attached to a cracked orthotropic sheet through an adhesive are considered. The effect of orthotropy on the stress intensity factors is investigated. The stringers are assumed to be partially debonded due to high stress concentrations. The shear stress distribution between the stringers and the plate and the stress intensity factors are obtained from an integral equation which represents the continuity of displacements along the bond lines

A note on a broken layer in an orthotropic laminate composite

An orthotropic laminate composite containing a completely broken layer is considered. The problem is formulated in terms of integral transforms and then reduced to a singular integral equation which is solved numerically. The strength of stress singularity at the crack tip is determined from a characteristic equation which is obtained by studying the dominant part of the singular integral equation near the end points. The stress intensity factors are given for various material properties

The stress distribution in tempered glass due to a crack

A model describing the failure in tempered glass is proposed and a method of solution is presented. An infinite elastic strip is assumed to represent the glass and the loads vanish everywhere on the boundary as well as at infinity. The problem is solved using the integral equations technique where the input is the residual stresses in the glass

Fracture and contact problems for an elastic wedge

The plane elastostatic contact problem for an infinite elastic wedge of arbitrary angle is discussed. The medium is loaded through a frictionless rigid wedge of a given symmetric profile. Using the Mellin transform formulation the mixed boundary value problem is reduced to a singular integral equation with the contact stress as the unknown function. With the application of the results to the fracture of the medium in mind, the main emphasis in the study has been on the investigation of the singular nature of the stress state around the apex of the wedge and on the determination of the contact pressure

Monotonic core solutions: Beyond Young's theorem

We introduce two new monotonicity properties for core concepts: single-valued solution concepts that always select a core allocation whenever the game is balanced (has a nonempty core). We present one result of impossibility for one of the properties and we pose several open questions for the second property. The open questions arise because the most important core concepts (the nucleolus and the per capita nucleolus) do not satisfy the property even in the class of convex games.TU games, monotonicity, nucleolus per capita, core

The nucleolus and kernel of veto-rich transferable utility games

Game Theory

A New SVDD-Based Multivariate Non-parametric Process Capability Index

Process capability index (PCI) is a commonly used statistic to measure ability of a process to operate within the given specifications or to produce products which meet the required quality specifications. PCI can be univariate or multivariate depending upon the number of process specifications or quality characteristics of interest. Most PCIs make distributional assumptions which are often unrealistic in practice. This paper proposes a new multivariate non-parametric process capability index. This index can be used when distribution of the process or quality parameters is either unknown or does not follow commonly used distributions such as multivariate normal