Fiscal policy consistency and its implications for macroeconomic aggregates: The case of Uganda

The relationship between growth in monetary aggregates and price changes continues to be a subject of considerable debate both in the academic and policy circles. Whereas the more ‘conservative’ policy makers hold that growth in monetary aggregates bear proportionately on prices, ‘liberals’ on the other hand suggest a fairly weak relationship and instead mainly attribute sustained price changes to other innovations (including structural weaknesses and poor productive capacity). This study employed vector autoregression techniques (and its variants) to examine both short term as well as long term interactions between selected macroeconomic aggregates with particular focus on the relationship between money growth and price changes. Results from both the reduced form vector autoregression specification and the contemporaneous structural vector autoregression show a weak causation from growth in monetary aggregates to price changes, but the link between changes in monetary aggregates and prices becomes stronger in the long run. The results also point to a strong relationship between price changes on the one hand and exchange rate depreciation, and past inflation outcomes on the other. The results imply a potential for increased revenue from monetisation, at least up to some feasible as well as the need to focus on other possible sources of price variations. In general, whereas it is possible for the relationship between prices and money to weaken, budget deficits beyond ‘certain financeable limits’ will clearly negate the possibility of attaining other objectives of macroeconomic policy...fiscal stance, macroeconomic aggregates, structural vector autogression, budget accounting approach, Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Financial Economics, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Public Economics, H62, H63, H69,

Peranan Tingkat Penghasilan dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru MTS Swasta

Kinerja guru dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, baik faktor eksternal maupun internal. Dalam penelitian ini faktor yang diduga mempunyai hubungan erat dengan kinerja guru adalah tingkat penghasilan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peranan tingkat penghasilan dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru MTs swasta, dengan melakukan studi kasus pada MTs Manbaul Ulum Kecamatan Pancur Kabupaten Rembang pada tahun 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang melibatkan seluruh guru di MTs Manbaul Ulum. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dengan metode analisis data yang terdiri dari : reduksi data, penyajian data serta penarikan kesimpulan. Penghasilan yang diterima guru setiap bulannya adalah berupa gaji dan tunjangan. Gaji dihitung berdasarkan jumlah mengajar dengan satu jam dihargai Rp. 12.000,-. Sedangkan tunjangan besarnya Rp. 250.000,- tiap bulan dari dana APBD I untuk setiap guru. Sehingga penghasilan maksimal seorang guru adalah Rp. 466.000,-, dengan jumlah jam mengajar 16 jam dalam satu bulan. Meskipun tingkat penghasilan kecil, kinerja guru sudah baik, ini terlihat dari kemampuan merencanakan pembelajaran dan kemampuan melaksanakan pembelajaran. Berdasarkan penelitian diatas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa peranan tingkat penghasilan dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru MTs swasta tidak terlalu signifikan. Oleh karenanya, peneliti menyampaikan beberapa saran, yaitu (1). Diharapkan para guru senantiasa meningkatkan kinerjanya; (2). Sekolah mampu mengambil keputusan yang bijak untuk meningkatkan tingkat penghasilan guru; (3). Pemerintah lebih memperhatikan kesejahteraan guru; dan (4) Komite sekolah diharapkan lebih peduli terhadap peningkatan kualitas sekolah, yakni dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan kesejahteraan guru

The Socioeconomic Impact of HIV/AIDS on Education Outcomes in Uganda: School Enrolment and the Schooling Gap in 2002/03

Due to high prime-age mortality in Uganda, a result of the HIV/AIDS scourge, the number of children who have lost at least one parent continues to rise in the country. The increase in numbers of orphans has challenged the overall socio-protection mechanisms and in particular threatens the country’s ability to achieve education development targets. Using the 2002/03 Uganda National Household Survey, this study investigates the impact of parental death—from HIV/AIDS as well as causes on the school enrollment and grade for age school progression. We find that HIV/AIDS orphans are not significantly less likely to continue schooling but are by far more likely to fall below their appropriate grade. On the other hand, we find that all orphans—regardless of cause of parental death are less likely to continue schooling and the gaps in enrollment decreases at higher levels of household welfare status—poor orphans are significantly less likely to continue schooling.HIV/AIDS, Education, Schooling, EPRC, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Health Economics and Policy, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Labor and Human Capital,

KETERTIBAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN RELOKASI PASAR : Studi Kasus pada Pasar Plered, Kabupaten Purwakarta

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pandangan bahwa sebuah kebijakan diterbitkan oleh pemerintah bertujuan untuk menciptakan ketertiban sosial dalam masyarakat. Ketertiban sosial mengindikasikan kehidupan sosial yang tertib dan harmonis sesuai peran dan fungsi setiap anggota masyarakat. Ketertiban sosial masyarakat merupakan tujuan bersama dalam kehidupan sosial. Ketertiban sosial dalam lembaga sosial akan menciptakan ketertiban umum dalam kehidupan manusia. Lembaga ekonomi dalam hal ini pasar tradisional yang berjalan dengan tertib dan harmonis, akan menciptakan masyarakat yang sejahtera. Namun dalam implementasinya terkadang tidak sesuai dengan rencana dan tujuan dari kebijakan tersebut. keadaan ini membutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab dan kondisi masyarakat dalam implementasi kebijakan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran ketertiban sosial dalam implementasi kebijakan relokasi Pasar Plered, Kecamatan Plered, Kabupaten Purwakarta. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kondisi ketertiban sosial dalam Pasar Citeko pasca relokasi belum kembali normal. Hal ini telihat pada beberapa aspek ketertiban sosial yang belum berjalan dengan kondusif. Kondisi ini disebabkan kondisi pasar yang mengalami perubahan struktur masyarakat. Pasar pasca relokasi menjadi baru, sehingga harus beradaptasi kembali dengan lokasi, kondisi sosial dan karakter masyarakat Citeko. Kehidupan sosial masyarakat mengalami goncangan akibat konflik-konflik selama proses relokasi Pasar Plered ke Pasar Citeko. selain itu didukung oleh keadaan masyarakat yang tegang pada saat implementasi kebijakan relokasi Pasar Plered dilaksanakan, akibat kepentingan politik . Upaya meningkatkan ketertiban sosial di Pasar Citeko merupakan upaya mengatasi hambatan yang menghadang baik dari dalam dan luar Pasar Citeko, dalam menciptakan ketertiban sosial di Pasar Citeko. Kata Kunci: Ketertiban Sosial, implemetasi kebijakan,Relokasi Pasar   This research is motivated by the view that a policy issued by the government aimed to create the social order in society. Social order indicates an orderly social life and harmonious appropriate roles and functions of each member of society. Social order of society is the common goal of social life. Social order in social institutions will create public order in human life. Economic institutions in this traditional market runs with orderly and harmonious, will create a prosperous society. But the implementation is sometimes not in accordance with the plans and objectives of the policy. This situation requires further research to determine the causes and conditions of the community in the implementation of the policy. This study aims to find a picture of the social order in the implementation of the relocation policy Plered Market, Plered, Purwakarta. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach with case study method. Data were collected by interview, observation and documentation in the field. The results showed the condition of the social order in post-relocation Citeko market has not returned to normal. It is seemingly on some aspects of the social order that has not run with the condition. This condition is due to market conditions that are changing the structure of society. After the relocation into new markets, so it must adapt again to the location, condition and character of the community social of Citeko. The social life of people experiencing shock from the conflicts during the relocation process Plered Market to Market Citeko. otherwise it is supported by the strained state of society at the time of the implementation of the relocation policy implemented Plered market, due to political interests. Efforts to improve the social order in the Citeko Market an attempt to overcome obstacles that face both inside and outside the Citeko market, to creating social order in the Citeko Market. Key Word: Social Order, Policy Implementation, Relocation of Marke

Pastoralists in Violent Defiance of the State. The case of the Karimojong in Northeastern Uganda

This thesis explores the issue of persistent violence between pastoralists andthe state in north eastern Uganda, probing why after many years of trying to settle theproblems of cattle raiding, armed violence and disorder still pervade the area. Thestudy argues that while resource conflicts and violence between different groups arenot strange in this region, the new dimensions and intensity brought in new actors andmore innovative processes. A situation that has been created leaves the bulk of thepopulation vulnerable to rampant armed violence and has become the order ofeveryday life. A number of factors are held responsible for this upsurge of violenceand continued vulnerability of the largely agro-pastoral communities, they include:cattle raiding, decades of political marginalization, pastoralists’ cultural andeconomic focus on cattle, environmental change, different development processes,and the ongoing forced disarmament process by the State military forces.The populations have survived for a long time through these combination ofboth natural and human-induced disasters competing for the scarce resources, buttheir resolve to keep up their pastoral lifestyle while taking advantage of the historicaland dramatic events like the political turbulence in the region as well as the suddenrise in arms smuggling opens up numerous processes that run parallel to each other.Though the situation is not “normal”, the local people continue to eke out a livingamidst extremes of gun related violence and a horrific humanitarian environment.Due to their continued involvement with modern weapons, the attention of the stateand other global forces like the UN has been drawn into the area to intervene,particularly in disarming the warriors and allay the security threats they pose to theregion. But instead of ridding the region of violence, such interventions haveintensified the rivalries, introduced new actors and new forms of violence. In reality,while the most visible actors are the state security apparatus and the armed warriors,an array of less visible actors are continuously coming into the context including;politicians, businessmen, warlords, the media, humanitarian agencies, and NGOs.Their participation and indeed contribution towards sustaining the violence isembedded in the many wide-ranging processes that furnish aspects of violence. In the type of situation presented here, different notions of violence begin to emergedepending on the cultural, historical, and political moments regarding pastoral waysof life, acquisition of arms and use of armed violence. Thus, in as much as conflictand violence between different groups were not strange in this region, the newdimensions and character require deep exploration. This study focused on the criticaljunction at which the different historical, cultural and, both local and large-scaleprocesses converge in understanding why and how violence has characterized therelations between the state and the society

Pengaruh Current Ratio, Total Asset Turn Over, Dan Net Profit Margin Terhadap Return on Asset Pada Perusahaan Subsektor Makanan Dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar Di Bei Pada Tahun 2012-2016

The purpose of this study is to describe To understand (1) the influence of current ratio, total asset turnover, net profit margin collectively to return on aseet, (2) influence of current ratio to return on aseet (3) influence of total asset turnover to return on aseet (4) the influence of net profit margin on return on aseet (5) how many independent variables can explain variable Dependent Sampling technique used is purposive sampling with criteria of food and beverage subsectors listed on BEI which always present financial report during observation period (2012-2016). The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis and hypothesis test using f test in silmutan, t test partially with level of significance 5% and test of coefficient of determination.                This research uses correlational method that relate a variable with other variables to understand a phenomenon by determining the level or degree of relationship among the variables. The sample used by purposive sampling is netode known before.                From the analysis result shows CR, TATO, and NPM in silmutan have an effect on to ROA at company of food and beverage sub sector at year of BEI 2012-2015 at singnifikansi value less than 0,05 or 5%. While partially variable CR influence negate but not singnifikan to ROA because with value of beta equal to -0,006 and significance value equal to 0,921 value singnifikansi that> 0,05 or 5%, But variable of TATO and NPM have positive influence to ROA with value of TATO beta equal to 0,670 and a significance value of 0,000 NPM beta value of 1.115 and a singularity value of 0,000 because the singnifique value is less than 0.05 or 5%.                The value of determination coefficient (Adjusted R Square) is 0.903 or 90.3% so it can be stated that the independent variable (current ratio, total asset turnover, and net profit margin) in explaining the variation of the dependent variable (return on asset) is 90.3 % and the rest of 9.7% explained by other variables outside the regression model Suggested for further researcher adds research variables, time period and reproduce samples, in order to obtain more accurate test results. Keywords: current ratio (CR), total asset turnover (TATO), net profit margin (NPM), and retrun on asset (ROA)

PENGARUH DEWAN DIREKSI, DEWAN KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN, LEVERAGE, DAN AKTIVITAS PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN SUSTAINABILITY REPORT PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG MENGELUARKAN SUSTAINABILITY REPORT DAN TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA 2010-2012

ABSTRACT Eria Nissa Awalia, 2015: The Influence of Board of Directors, Board of Independent Commissioner, Leverage, and Activity of Company Toward Sustainability Report Disclosure on Companies Published Sustainability Report and Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2010-2012. Faculty of Economic State University of Jakarta. 2015. This research was intended to examine the influences of board of directors, board of independent commissioner, leverage, and activity of company toward sustainability report disclosure. Sustainability Report Disclosure is the dependent variables in this research were measured by GRI G3.1 Content Index and Checklists. For the independent variables in this research, using board of directors were measured by sum of directors meetings, board of independent commissioner were measured by proportion of independent commissioner, leverage were measured by debt to equity, activity of company were measured by total asset turnover. This research uses secondary data which is financial statement and sustainability report from Indonesian Stock Exchange Listed Companies in 2010-2012. While the sampling method used was purposive sampling method which is overall 39 observations. This research uses multiple regression method to test the hypothesis with SPSS computer program. From the analysis performed in this research, it can be concluded that board of directors, and leverage have no significant influence to sustainability report disclosure. The other hand activity of company has positive influence and significant to sustainability report disclosure. And Board of independent commissioner has negative influence and significant to sustainability reporting disclosure. Key Words: Board of Directors, Board of Independent Commissioner, Leverage, Activity of Company, and Sustainability Repor

PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PADA BAGIAN KESEKRETARIATAN DINAS PERTANIAN TANAMAN PANGAN PROVINSI JAWA BARAT

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bagian Kesekretariatan Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Provinsi Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 (tiga) variabel, yakni variabel kepemimpinan transformasional (X1) dan Disiplin kerja (X2) sebagai variabel bebas dan variabel kinerja pegawai (Y) sebagai variabel terikat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan verifikatif. Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda, analisis korelasi berganda dan analisis koefisien determinasi. Berdasarakan hasil penelitian, dapat diketahui bahwa secara simultan kepemimpinan transformasional dan disiplin kerja berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Dilihat dari hasil analisis koefisien determinasi menyatakan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional dan disiplin kerja pengaruh sebesar 77,4% terhadap kinerja pegawai. Adapun dilihat dari pengaruh secara parsial atau individu, variabel disiplin kerja yang memiliki pengaruh lebih besar terhadap kinerja pegawai yaitu sebesar 46,1%, bila dibandingkan pada kepemimpinan transformasional sebesar 31,3% yang mempunyai pengaruh lebih kecil. Kata Kunci : Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Disiplin Kerja dan Kinerja Pegawa

Understanding and Motivating Generation Z Students

Presented at Lilly conference Designing Effective Teaching in Bethesda, MD. Assesses characteristics associated with Gen Z students and connects them with concepts from Cognitive theory