A prática da mistanásia nas prisões femininas brasileiras ante à omissão do direito à saúde e a negação da dignidade humana

Este artigo desenvolve uma análise sobre o direito à saúde nas prisões femininas brasileiras sob a perspectiva da Bioética, através do conceito de mistanásia, neologismo introduzido pelo bioeticista brasileiro Márcio Fabri dos Anjos em 1989. Verifica-se que há poucos estudos que tratam especificamente sobre mulheres encarceradas, e quando se trata sobre o direito à saúde destas mulheres, essa quantidade é ainda menor. As pesquisas existentes demonstram que existe uma colossal omissão estatal em concretizar os direitos sociais nos estabelecimentos prisionais, especialmente quando se trata de mulheres presas. Pretende-se, portanto, analisar a negação do direito à saúde destas mulheres sob a perspectiva da mistanásia. Para tanto, é primordial partir da visão de Ingo Sarlet sobre a dignidade da pessoa humana, conceito-chave para compreender a importância da concretização do direito à saúde, contrapondo-se à teoria da fissão nuclear da dignidade humana, apresentada de forma inédita nesta obra. Conclui-se que o Estado pratica a mistanásia de mulheres presas, provocando a morte social e física através da negação dos direitos fundamentais mais básicos, como o direito à saúde. Utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica, com base na doutrina, legislação e jurisprudência do STF. Em especial, recorreu-se ao Portal de Periódicos do CAPES/MEC na busca por artigos e teses em língua estrangeira, especialmente diante da escassez da quantidade de obras que tratam do tema no Brasil

MESTRADOS PROFISSIONAIS E PERSPECTIVAS ACADÊMICAS PARA SERVIDORES TÉCNICO-ADMINISTRATIVOS

O estudo tem o objetivo de mostrar nas contribuições do mestrado à carreira acadêmica do egresso, como instrumentos de ampliação de oportunidades e qualificação do servidor, especificamente para os servidores egressos do Mestrado Profissional em Políticas públicas da Educação Superior (POLEDUC) da Universidade Federal do Ceará. O trabalho foi desenvolvido mediante pesquisa documental, censitária, exploratória e descritiva, na qual a unidade de análise é composta pelos estudantes egressos do POLEDUC, pertencentes às turmas de 2007 a 2014. O levantamento dos dados profissionais e acadêmicos dos Lattes dos os egressos foi realizado em junho de 2016, totalizando 146 egressos, excluindo-se os cancelamentos e desistências. O levantamento realizado indicou prevalência de mulheres e servidores da área administrativa das instituições de ensino superior. Verificou-se também que apenas metade dos estudantes publicou algum artigo durante curso, e apenas um terço publicou após o mestrado. Em relação aos aspectos de continuidade na carreira, poucos egressos ingressaram em programas de doutorado e, entre os técnicos, cerca de 14% exerceram alguma atividade docente após o mestrado. Os resultados indicam que a maioria dos egressos do POLEDUC não apresenta continuidade na carreira na perspectiva acadêmica

Fenótipos da Pandemia por coronavírus em idosos / Phenotypes of the coronavírus pandemic in the elderly

Introdução: A pandemia do coronavírus assume uma configuração de risco ainda mais grave entre as pessoas idosas com comorbidades. Esse grupo etário representa 45% das internações, destas 53% são em unidades de terapia intensiva e resultam em 80% das mortes. O fenótipo L é consistente com hipoxemia grave, baixa capacidade de recrutamento, alta complacência e baixo peso pulmonar. No fenótipo H a elastância, capacidade de recrutamento e o peso pulmonar estão elevados. Objetivo: Avaliar os fenótipos da COVID-19 em idosos assistidos em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva  Metodologia: Estudo transversal, censitário, a partir de dados secundários registrados nos prontuários da UTI COVID do Hospital Esperança Olinda/PE. Critérios de inclusão: indivíduos com idade equivalente ou superior a 60 anos, de ambos os sexos, com resultado positivo para COVID-19, assistidos com ventilação mecânica invasiva, no período de março à agosto de 2020. Resultados: Foram admitidos 101 idosos (79±18 anos), (47,5%) resultaram negativo, 49 (48,5%) testaram positivo e necessitaram de assistência ventilatória mecânica invasiva, desses, 36 evoluíram a óbito, 23 (46,9%) apresentaram fenótipo H. Conclusão: O entendimento da estrutura fenotípica da COVID-19 na patogênese é importante para a produção de medicamentos, vacinas, priorização da ampliação de recursos e a previsão do prognóstico

Is there a relationship between hippocampus-dependent memory and 5-ht2a receptors? Insights from a systematic review / Há uma relação entre a memória hipocampo-dependente e receptores 5-HT2a? Insights de uma revisão sistemática

This is a systematic review with the aim of analyzing the role of 5-HT2A receptors in hippocampal-dependent memory. In order to do this, we searched the PubMed, Science Direct, and Neuron databases between October 23 and 29, 2018, using the following descriptor combinations: memory, 5-HT2A, and hippocampus, present in the title, abstract, or keywords, with no restrictions on study date or language. Following search and selection, we analyzed risk of bias, and the results were subsequently synthesized according to the experimental model. Out of 40 articles, four were included in qualitative analysis. The data indicate that the 5-HT2A receptors in the hippocampus play an important role in the memory consolidation process, although they do not interfere in the encoding or retrieval processes of these memories. Additionally, chronic use of receptor agonists in models of Alzheimer’s disease also demonstrates better performance in the object recognition tests. The action of 5-HT2A receptors has also been shown to be important to aversive memory formation, thus attributing a prominent role to these receptors in hippocampal-dependent memory processes

MESTRADOS PROFISSIONAIS E PERSPECTIVAS ACADÊMICAS PARA SERVIDORES TÉCNICO-ADMINISTRATIVOS

The study aims to show the contributions of the master degree to the academic career of the egress, as tools for expanding opportunities and qualification of the server, specifically for the alumni of the Master Degree in Public Policies from Higher Education (POLEDUC) at the Federal University of Ceará. The study was developed in a documentary, census, exploratory and descriptive research, whose the unit of analysis is the graduated students from the POLEDUC, which were into groups from 2007 to 2014. The survey of the professional and academic data of the graduates was carried out in June 2016, totaling 146 graduates, where it was excluded cancellating and withdrawal enrollments. The survey indicated the prevalence of women and employees in the administrative area from the higher education institutions. It was also found that only half of the students have published some article during the course, and only a third ones have published after the master degree. Regarding of the career continuity, few graduates have entered doctoral programs; and, among the technicians, about 14% had some teaching activity after the master degree. The outcomes indicate the most of graduates of POLEDUC do not present career continuity from an academic perspective

Análise do cordel a vida do seringueiro, de José Valentim a partir do pós-colonialismo / Analysis of cordel the life of the rubber tapper, by José Valentim from post-colonialism

A Vida do Seringueiro, poema de cordel de José Valentim, poeta amazonense do município de Lábrea. Em seus versos o autor narra a exploração do trabalhador no seringal, capítulo da história conhecido como o “ciclo da borracha”. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o poema de cordel de Valentim a partir do pós-colonialismo, para isso, faz-se necessário compreender a história do cordel, estudar o momento histórico em que o poeta denuncia e discutir o poema à luz da atualidade, fundamentando em teóricos do pós-colonialismo. O método de estudo foi o bibliográfico, em autores como Antonio Carlos Galvão Silva, na obra O seringal no município de Lábrea, Pedro Pires da Silva, no livro Retratos Sul-Amazônicos: Fragmentos da História do Rio Purus, Thomas Bonnici, no livro Pós-Colonialismo e a literatura, dentre outros. Acredita-se que o poema de José Valentim, datado de 1982, possa ser considerado Pós-Colonial.

What is the frequency of floor of the mouth lesions? A descritive study of 4,016 cases

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of oral lesions in the floor of the mouth from representative oral pathology centres in Latin America. This study was conducted on biopsies obtained from January of 1978 to December of 2018 at nine Latin America oral and maxillofacial pathology centres. Gender, age and histopathological diagnosis were evaluated. Data were analysed using descriptive methods. Chi-square test was used for pairwise comparisons. From 114,893 samples, 4,016 lesions (3.49%) occurred in the floor of the mouth. Brazil showed 3,777 cases (94%), Mexico 182 cases (4.5%) and Argentina 57 cases (1.4%). Benign lesions represented 65.1% (2,617 cases), followed by 34.9% (1,404 cases) of malignant disorders. Lesions of epithelial origin were more frequent (1,964 cases; 48.9%), followed by salivary glands (1,245 cases; 31%) and soft tissue lesions (475 cases; 11.7%). The most common histological subtypes were oral squamous cell carcinoma (1,347 cases; 33.5%), ranula (724 cases; 18%), oral leukoplakia (476 cases; 11.8%) and inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (239 cases; 5.9%). The lesion affected males in 2,129 cases and females in 1,897 cases. In the current study, lesions in the floor of the mouth represented 3.49% of biopsies submitted to oral pathology services and oral squamous cell carcinoma, ranula and leukoplakia were the most common lesions

High anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroconversion rates before the second wave in Manaus, Brazil, and the protective effect of social behaviour measures: results from the prospective DETECTCoV-19 cohort

Background: The city of Manaus, Brazil, has seen two collapses of the health system due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We report anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibody seroconversion rates and associated risk factors in Manaus residents before the second wave of the epidemic in Brazil. Methods: A convenience sample of adult (aged ≥18 years) residents of Manaus was recruited through online and university website advertising into the DETECTCoV-19 study cohort. The current analysis of seroconversion included a subgroup of DETECTCoV-19 participants who had at least two serum sample collections separated by at least 4 weeks between Aug 19 and Oct 2, 2020 (visit 1), and Oct 19 and Nov 27, 2020 (visit 2). Those who reported (or had no data on) having a COVID-19 diagnosis before visit 1, and who were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies at visit 1 were excluded. Using an in-house ELISA, the reactivity index (RI; calculated as the optical density ratio of the sample to the negative control) for serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies was measured at both visits. We calculated the incidence of seroconversion (defined as RI values ≤1·5 at visit 1 and ≥1·5 at visit 2, and a ratio >2 between the visit 2 and visit 1 RI values) during the study period, as well as incidence rate ratios (IRRs) through cluster-corrected and adjusted Poisson regression models to analyse associations between seroconversion and variables related to sociodemographic characteristics, health access, comorbidities, COVID-19 exposure, protective behaviours, and symptoms. Findings: 2496 DETECTCoV-19 cohort participants returned for a follow-up visit between Oct 19 and Nov 27, 2020, of whom 204 reported having COVID-19 before the first visit and 24 had no data regarding previous disease status. 559 participants were seropositive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies at baseline. Of the remaining 1709 participants who were seronegative at baseline, 71 did not meet the criteria for seroconversion and were excluded from the analyses. Among the remaining 1638 participants who were seronegative at baseline, 214 showed seroconversion at visit 2. The seroconversion incidence was 13·06% (95% CI 11·52–14·79) overall and 6·78% (5·61–8·10) for symptomatic seroconversion, over a median follow-up period of 57 days (IQR 54–61). 48·1% of seroconversion events were estimated to be asymptomatic. The sample had higher proportions of affluent and higher-educated people than those reported for the Manaus city population. In the fully adjusted and corrected model, risk factors for seroconversion before visit 2 were having a COVID-19 case in the household (IRR 1·49 [95% CI 1·21–1·83]), not wearing a mask during contact with a person with COVID-19 (1·25 [1·09–1·45]), relaxation of physical distancing (1·31 [1·05–1·64]), and having flu-like symptoms (1·79 [1·23–2·59]) or a COVID-19 diagnosis (3·57 [2·27–5·63]) between the first and second visits, whereas working remotely was associated with lower incidence (0·74 [0·56–0·97]). Interpretation: An intense infection transmission period preceded the second wave of COVID-19 in Manaus. Several modifiable behaviours increased the risk of seroconversion, including non-compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions measures such as not wearing a mask during contact, relaxation of protective measures, and non-remote working. Increased testing in high-transmission areas is needed to provide timely information about ongoing transmission and aid appropriate implementation of transmission mitigation measures. Funding: Ministry of Education, Brazil; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas; Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)/WHO.World Health OrganizationRevisión por pare

Os guardados da viscondessa: fotografia e memória na coleção Ribeiro de Avellar

This paper discusses the theme of family life when Brazil was an empire, using the\ud methodological approach of microhistory and by analyzing personal documents that belonged\ud to the Ribeiro de Avellar family, who were wealthy landowners and proprietors of coffee\ud plantations and slaves in Paty do Alferes, located in the Paraíba River Valley of the Province of\ud Rio de Janeiro. The author focused on the analysis of photographic portraits in order to reflect\ud upon the different means of circulation of images and the prevailing family ideal at the tim