Big data-driven prediction of airspace congestion

Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSP) worldwide have been making a considerable effort for the development of a better method to measure and predict aircraft counts within a particular airspace, also referred to as airspace density. An accurate measurement and prediction of airspace density is crucial for a better managed airspace, both strategically and tactically, yielding a higher level of automation and thereby reducing the air traffic controller's workload. Although the prior approaches have been able to address the problem to some extent, data management and query processing of ever-increasing vast volume of air traffic data at high rates, for various analytics purposes such as predicting aircraft counts, still remains a challenge especially when only linear prediction models are used. In this paper, we present a novel data management and prediction system that accurately predicts aircraft counts for a particular airspace sector within the National Airspace System (NAS). The incoming Traffic Flow Management (TFM) data is streaming, big, uncorrelated and noisy. In the preprocessing step, the system continuously processes the incoming raw data, reduces it to a compact size, and stores it in a NoSQL database, where it makes the data available for efficient query processing. In the prediction step, the system learns from historical trajectories and uses their segments to collect key features such as sector boundary crossings, weather parameters, and other air traffic data. The features are fed into various regression models, including linear, non-linear and ensemble models, and the best performing model is used for prediction. Evaluation on an extensive set of real track, weather, and air traffic data including boundary crossings in the U.S. verify that our system efficiently and accurately predicts aircraft counts in each airspace sector.Comment: Submitted to the 2023 IEEE/AIAA Digital Aviation Systems Conference (DASC

DA RADIODIFUSÃO PARA O AUDIOVISUAL: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A DEFINIÇÃO DE UM CONCEITO ABRANGENTE EM TEMPOS DE CONVERGÊNCIA MIDIÁTICA

RESUMO Objetivo: Indicar contribuições teóricas de documentos jurídicos e do campo comunicacional, nacionais e estrangeiros, para a superação do conceito de radiodifusão e sua ampliação para o conceito de audiovisual em um ambiente de convergência midiática. Metodologia: O presente trabalho lastreado em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental utiliza-se de método analítico-sistemático dedutivo objetivando demonstrar as questões e apontar as contribuições teóricas, jurídicas e do campo comunicacional, e de documentos nacionais e estrangeiros acerca da temática. Resultados: A teoria e a legislação portuguesa, acrescidas das diretivas europeias sobre o audiovisual, podem contribuir para a definição de um conceito mais amplo de radiodifusão na legislação brasileira, ampliando-se o conceito para além do espectro eletromagnético, abarcando todo e qualquer serviço de comunicação social audiovisual, independente do suporte tecnológico. Contribuições: Uma definição e clarificação conceitual, necessária em tempos de convergência midiática e internacionalização dos mercados; fatos que impactam a regulação local, alterando a configuração do direito interno, em regra e historicamente pautado pelos aspectos arquitetônicos e estruturais de limitação do espectro eletromagnético, que caminha para uma regulação voltada ao conteúdo. Palavras-chave: Constituição; televisão; radiodifusão; convergência midiática; comunicação social. ABSTRACT Objective: To indicate theoretical contributions of legal documents and of the communication field, national and foreign, to overcome the concept of broadcasting and its expansion to the concept of audiovisual in an environment of media convergence.  Methodology: The present paper backed by bibliographic and documentary research uses a deductive analytical-systematic method in order to demonstrate the issues and point out the theoretical, legal and communicational contributions, and of national and foreign documents on the subject.Results: The theory and Portuguese legislation, in addition to the European directives on audiovisual, can contribute to the definition of a broader concept of broadcasting in Brazilian legislation, expanding the concept beyond the electromagnetic spectrum, encompassing any and all broadcasting services, audiovisual media, regardless of technological support. Contributions: A definition and a conceptual clarification, necessary in times of media convergence and internationalization of markets; facts that impact local regulation, changing the configuration of domestic law, as a rule and historically guided by architectural and structural aspects of limitation of the electromagnetic spectrum, which moves towards regulation geared to content. Keywords: Constitution; television; broadcasting; media convergence; social communication

Geostatistical simulations with heterotopic hard and soft data without modeling the linear model of coregionalization

Most mining decisions are based on models estimated/simulated given the information obtained from samples. During the exploration stage, samples are commonly taken using diamond drill holes which are accurate and precise. These samples are considered hard data. In the production stage, new samples are added. These last are cheaper and more abundant than the drill hole samples, but imprecise and are here named as soft data. Usually hard and soft data are not sampled at the same locations, they form a heterotopic dataset. This article proposes a framework for geostatistical simulation with completely heterotopic soft data. The simulation proceeds in two steps. First, the variable of interest at the locations where soft data are available is simulated. The local conditional distributions built at these locations consider both hard and soft data and are obtained using simple cokriging with the intrinsic coregionalization model. Second, the variable of interest in the entire simulation grid using the original and previously simulated values at soft data locations is simulated. The results show that the information from soft data improved both the accuracy and precision of the simulated models. The proposed framework is illustrated by a case study with data obtained from an underground copper mine

Light: a rare reaction product

The production of visible light by chemical reactions constitutes interesting and fascinating phenomena and several reaction mechanisms are discussed to rationalize excited state formation. Most efficient chemiluminescence reactions are thought to involve one or more electron transfer steps and chemiexcitation is believed to occur by radical annihilation. A brief introduction to the general principles of light production and the main known chemiexcitation mechanisms will be given here. Subsequently, recent results on the mechanistic elucidation of efficient chemiluminescence systems, as the peroxyoxalate reaction, the induced decomposition of phenoxy-substituted 1,2-dioxetanes and the catalyzed decomposition of new a-peroxylactones will be discussed.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenadoria para o Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Ensino Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Therapeutic effects of the transplantation of VEGF overexpressing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the hippocampus of murine model of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is clinically characterized by progressive memory loss, behavioral and learning dysfunction and cognitive deficits, such as alterations in social interactions. the major pathological features of AD are the formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles together with neuronal and vascular damage. the double transgenic mouse model of AD (2xTg-AD) with the APPswe/PS1dE9 mutations shows characteristics that are similar to those observed in AD patients, including social memory impairment, senile plaque formation and vascular deficits. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), when transplanted into the brain, produce positive effects by reducing amyloid-beta (AN deposition in transgenic amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilins1 (PS1) mice. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), exhibits neuroprotective effects against the excitotoxicity implicated in the AD neurodegeneration. the present study investigates the effects of MSCs overexpressing VEGF in hippocampal neovascularization, cognitive dysfunction and senile plaques present in 2xTg-AD transgenic mice. MSC were transfected with vascular endothelial growth factor cloned in uP vector under control of modified CMV promoter (uP-VEGF) vector, by electroporation and expanded at the 14th passage. 2xTg-AD animals at 6, 9 and 12 months old were transplanted with MSC-VEGF or MSC. the animals were tested for behavioral tasks to access locomotion, novelty exploration, learning and memory, and their brains were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for vascularization and A(3 plaques. MSC-VEGF treatment favored the neovascularization and diminished senile plaques in hippocampal specific layers. Consequently, the treatment was able to provide behavioral benefits and reduce cognitive deficits by recovering the innate interest to novelty and counteracting memory deficits present in these AD transgenic animals. Therefore, this study has important therapeutic implications for the vascular damage in the neurodegeneration promoted by AD.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Depto Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Depto Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

ENFOQUE DO COMPONENTE NATURAL SOLO NA ESCOLA: ENSAIOS PRÁTICOS COMO RECURSO DIDÁTICO NO ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA

In this work, the objective is to discuss the importance of environmental education in schools through alternative practices as a strategy for raising awareness among students regarding the conservation of the environment, in particular, the natural component of soils. Therefore, within the scope of teaching Geography, an intervention proposal based on the execution of practical tests on erosion and the morphological “color” of the soil at Tiradentes Municipal School, located in Campina Grande, Paraíba, was presented and discussed. The results show that the tests are shown to promote learning and environmental awareness, as they enabled the construction of social values, skills and knowledge that value the soil and the environment as a whole. Thus, practices involving soils can be developed in any elementary school class, as long as the teacher plans and develops strategies according to the context and reality of the students.El suelo es un recurso natural finito, compuesto por minerales, materia orgánica, agua y aire, esencial para el mantenimiento de la vida en el planeta Tierra. Representa una fuente de recursos para diversas actividades humanas, como la agricultura y la ganadería. Sin embargo, debido a la falta de conciencia y popularización de prácticas sostenibles, el suelo se ha degradado en todo el mundo. En este escenario, se resalta la importancia de la educación ambiental en las escuelas, que se convierte en una herramienta indispensable en el combate a la destrucción ambiental, ya que brinda a los estudiantes una conciencia de la importancia del uso sustentable de los recursos naturales. En vista de lo anterior, este trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir la importancia de la educación ambiental en las escuelas como estrategia para sensibilizar a los estudiantes sobre la conservación del medio ambiente. Para ello, en el ámbito de la enseñanza de la Geografía, se presentó y discutió una propuesta de intervención basada en la ejecución de pruebas prácticas con el suelo en la Escuela Municipal Tiradentes, ubicada en el municipio de Campina Grande, estado de Paraíba. Los resultados muestran que las pruebas son impulsoras del aprendizaje y la conciencia ambiental, en la medida en que permitieron la construcción de valores sociales, habilidades y conocimientos que valoran el suelo y el medio ambiente en su conjunto.Neste trabalho, objetiva-se discutir a importância da educação ambiental nas escolas por meio de práticas alternativas como estratégia para conscientização dos educandos no que se refere a conservação do meio ambiente, em particular, o componente natural solos. Para tanto, no âmbito do ensino de Geografia, foi apresentada e discutida uma proposta interventiva baseada na execução de ensaios práticos sobre a erosão e a feição morfológica “cor” do solo na Escola Municipal Tiradentes, localizada em Campina Grande, Paraíba. Os resultados apontam que os ensaios se mostram promotores da aprendizagem e conscientização ambiental, na medida em que possibilitaram a construção de valores sociais, habilidades e conhecimentos valorizadores dos solos e do meio ambiente como um todo. Assim, as práticas envolvendo os solos podem ser desenvolvidas em qualquer turma do Ensino Fundamental, contanto que o professor planeje e elabore estratégias de acordo com o contexto e a realidade dos alunos