Primary myelofibrosis: current therapeutic options

AbstractPrimary myelofibrosis is a Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by clonal myeloid expansion, followed by progressive fibrous connective tissue deposition in the bone marrow, resulting in bone marrow failure. Clonal evolution can also occur, with an increased risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia. In addition, disabling constitutional symptoms secondary to the high circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines and hepatosplenomegaly frequently impair quality of life. Herein the main current treatment options for primary myelofibrosis patients are discussed, contemplating disease-modifying therapeutics in addition to palliative measures, in an individualized patient-based approach

IRS2 (insulin receptor substrate 2)

Insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) belongs to the insulin receptor substrate protein family and was initially discovered as an alternative route for signaling mediated by the insulin receptor. Currently, IRS2 has been well-established to mediate mitogenic and antiapoptotic signaling from several important cellular receptors. In the last years, many studies have indicated that IRS2 participates in the regulation of important biological processes involved in cancer phenotype, including cell proliferation, clonogenicity, metabolism and survival. The present review contains data on IRS2 DNA/RNA, protein encoded and function

CXCR7 Is Highly Expressed in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Potentiates CXCR4 Response to CXCL12

Recently, a novel CXCL12-binding receptor, has been identified. This CXCL12-binding receptor commonly known as CXCR7 (CXC chemokine receptor 7), has lately, based on a novel nomenclature, has received the name ACKR3 (atypical chemokine receptor 3). in this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of CXCR7 in leukemic cells, as well as its participation in CXCL12 response. Interesting, we clearly demonstrated that CXCR7 is highly expressed in acute lymphoid leukemic cells compared with myeloid or normal hematopoietic cells and that CXCR7 contributed to T-acute lymphoid leukemic cell migration induced by CXCL12. Moreover, we showed that the cellular location of CXCR7 varied among T-lymphoid cells and this finding may be related to their migration capacity. Finally, we hypothesized that CXCR7 potentiates CXCR4 response and may contribute to the maintenance of leukemia by initiating cell recruitment to bone marrow niches that were once occupied by normal hematopoietic stem cells.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)INCT-SangueUniv Estadual Campinas, Ctr Hematol & Hemoterapia, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Synthesis of structured triacylglycerols enriched in n-3 fatty acids by immobilized microbial lipase

The search for new biocatalysts has aroused great interest due to the variety of micro-organisms and their role as enzyme producers. Native lipases from Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus javanicus were used to enrich the n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids content in the triacylglycerols of soybean oil by acidolysis with free fatty acids from sardine oil in solvent-free media. For the immobilization process, the best lipase/support ratios were 1:3 (w/w) for Aspergillus niger lipase and 1:5 (w/w) for Rhizopus javanicus lipase using Amberlite MB-1. Both lipases maintained constant activity for 6 months at 4 °C. Reaction time, sardine-free fatty acids:soybean oil mole ratio and initial water content of the lipase were investigated to determine their effects on n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids incorporation into soybean oil. Structured triacylglycerols with 11.7 and 7.2% of eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid were obtained using Aspergillus niger lipase and Rhizopus javanicus lipase, decreasing the n-6/n-3 fatty acids ratio of soybean oil (11:1 to 3.5:1 and 4.7:1, respectively). The best reaction conditions were: initial water content of lipase of 0.86% (w/w), sardine-free faty acids:soybean oil mole ratio of 3:1 and reaction time of 36 h, at 40 °C. The significant factors for the acidolysis reaction were the sardine-free fatty acids:soybean oil mole ratio and reaction time. The characterization of structured triacylglycerols was obtained using easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry. The enzymatic reaction led to the formation of many structured triacylglycerols containing eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid or both polyunsaturated fatty acids.47410061013CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informaçãoSem informaçã

INSECT INCIDENCE AND AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF COMMON BEAN GENOTYPES IN THREE GROWING SEASONS UNDER ORGANIC SYSTEM

The objective of this work was to observe the performance of creole genotypes of common bean and the limiting phytosanitary factors in three growing seasons in the organic system. Three trials were carried out, with plantations in October 2017, January 2018 and May 2018. A random experimental block design was used, consisting of 4 replicates and 10 treatments (commercial: BRS Esplendor (preto) and BRS Estilo (carioca), and the creoles: Amarelinho, Bolinha Vermelho, Cavalo Bolinha, Mouro, Paquinho, Palhacinho, Preto Jacaré and Roxão). The number of chrysomelidae damaged plants, whitefly nymph incidence, incidence of Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV), thrips and heteropteran incidence were quantified. Besides, the grain mass and quality of grains (yield, normal grains, spotted grains and chocho grains) were measured. The first season of growing had the highest heteropteran incidence; BGMV was observed only on second season. Third season of sowing produced highest yield and lower insect incidence. Insect incidence varied between the genotypes at all data of sowing, with minor differences between the creoles and commercial materials. BGMV in second season prevented bean production in all genotypes.O objetivo deste trabalho foi observar o desempenho de genótipos crioulos de feijão e os fatores fitossanitários limitantes em três épocas de cultivo sob sistema de cultivo orgânico. Foram realizados três ensaios, com plantios em outubro de 2017, janeiro de 2018 e maio de 2018. Foi utilizado um delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, composto por 4 repetições e 10 tratamentos (comercial: BRS Esplendor (preto) e BRS Estilo (carioca) e o crioulos: Amarelinho, Bolinha Vermelho, Cavalo Bolinha, Mouro, Paquinho, Palhacinho, Preto Jacaré e Roxão). Foram quantificados o número de plantas danificadas por crisomelídeos, incidência de ninfas de mosca-branca, incidência do vírus do mosaico dourado (BGMV), tripes e heterópteros. Além disso, a massa e a qualidade dos grãos (rendimento, grãos normais, grãos manchados e grãos chochos) foram avaliados. A maior incidência de heterópteros ocorreu na primeira época de cultivo. Enquanto o BGMV foi observado apenas na segunda época. As plantas cultivadas na terceira época de semeadura tiveram maior rendimento e menor incidência de insetos. A incidência de insetos variou entre os genótipos em todas as datas de semeadura, com pouca diferença entre os crioulos e os materiais comerciais. A ocorrência de BGMV na segunda safra impediu a produção de feijão em todos os genótipos

Effects of Catuaba Cristal (R) on the Testis of Wistar rats

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible beneficial effects of Catuaba Cristal (R) (CC), an alcoholic drink made from wine and Erythroxylum catuaba Ar. Cam on testis. Wistar rats either received CC solution (n=8) or water (n=9). Results showed significant body weight reduction within the CC group, although, no weight changes were observed for liver, kidney, testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle and prostate. The volumetric proportion and volume of interstitial tissue and lymphatic space were reduced in the treated group. In the CC group, although the nuclear volume of Leydig cells (LC) decreased, the number of LC per testis increased. These results suggested that CC had no beneficial effect on spermatogenesis of Wistar rats.545901906Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG

Divulgação científica e o projeto momento ciência: o contato de jovens com a ciência

O Projeto Momento Ciência, realizado por graduandos em Ciências Biológicas e Biotecnologia da Universidade de Brasília (UnB), buscou a divulgação científica, valorização do fazer ciência, popularização científica e inspiração dos jovens estudantes de ensino médio para que tivessem contato com um pensamento científico. Através do projeto, os alunos do ensino médio de escolas da rede pública do Distrito Federal, que raramente possuem algum contato com a comunidade e a produção científica, visitaram o Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (IB) e conheceram os departamentos e seusrespectivos laboratórios, além de terem palestras com os coordenadores dos cursos de Ciências Biológicas e de Biotecnologia da UnB

O aluno público alvo da educação especial no ensino médio: as relações entre família e escola

This qualitative study aims to analyze the family-school relationship with the participation of four mothers of Special Education Students (PAEE) enrolled in high school at a public school in the state of São Paulo. Data from semi-structured interviews were analyzed and grouped into themes: inclusion; PAEE students in regular schools; family and school; PAEE and student in high school. The results show the importance of informing the families about the educational rights that the law provides PAEE students in the process of inclusion in regular education; changes in the family-school relationship; report on the special education teacher's role within the school to families, and on the potential and limitations of PAEE students in front of the school. It considers the need to improve communication between family-school, proposing alternatives that benefit from this partnership. Thus, it was evident gaps for further research in this area.Este estudo de abordagem qualitativa visa analisar a relação família-escola contando com a participação de quatro mães de alunos Público Alvo da Educação Especial (PAEE) matriculados no ensino médio de uma escola pública do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os dados das entrevistas semi-estruturadas foram analisadas e agrupadas nos eixos temáticos: inclusão; alunos PAEE na escola regular; família e escola; e aluno PAEE no ensino médio. Os resultados apontam a importância de informar às famílias sobre os direitos educacionais que a lei assegura aos alunos PAEE no processo de inclusão no ensino regular; de mudanças na relação família-escola; informar sobre o papel do professor da educação especial dentro da escola às famílias, e sobre as potencialidades e limitações dos alunos PAEE diante da escolarização. Considera-se a necessidade de melhorar a comunicação entre família-escola, propondo-se alternativas que beneficiem essa parceria. Assim, foi evidenciado lacunas para novas pesquisas nessa área

De novo AML exhibits greater microenvironment dysregulation compared to AML with myelodysplasia-related changes

The interaction between the bone marrow microenvironment and malignant hematopoietic cells can result in the protection of leukemia cells from chemotherapy in both myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We, herein, characterized the changes in cytokine expression and the function of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) in patients with MDS, AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (MRC), a well-recognized clinical subtype of secondary AML, and de novo AML. We observed a significant inhibitory effect of MDS-MSC on T-lymphocyte proliferation and no significant differences in any of the cytokines tested. AML-MSC inhibited T-cell proliferation only at a very low MSC/T cell ratio. When compared to the control, AML-MRC-derived MSC presented a significant increase in IL6 expression, whereas de novo AML MSC presented a significant increase in the expression levels of VEGFA, CXCL12, RPGE2, IDO, IL1 beta, IL6 and IL32, followed by a decrease in IL10 expression. Furthermore, data indicate that IL-32 regulates stromal cell proliferation, has a chemotactic potential and participates in stromal cell crosstalk with leukemia cells, which could result in chemoresistance. Our results suggest that the differences between AML-MRC and de novo AML also extend into the leukemic stem cell niche and that IL-32 can participate in the regulation of the bone marrow cytokine milieu.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Univ Estadual Campinas, Hematol & Transfus Med Ctr, Hemoctr Unicamp, Inst Nacl Ciencia & Tecnol Sangue, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Dept Internal Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Biol Sci, Sao Paulo, BrazilFed Univ Vale do Sao Francisco, Paulo Afonso, BA, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Biol Sci, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc