Funções cognitivas, autoestima e autoconceito de crianças com transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade

The study aimed to compare the performance of children with ADHD and children without learning and/or attention difficulties in tasks of visual attention, executive functions, self-esteem and self--concept. Participants were34 children, 17 with ADHD and 17in the control group, with a mean age of 9.92 years. For the evaluation, the following tests were used: Cancellation Test, Trail Making Test, Stroop Color Word Test, Tower of London, Children's Depression Inventory, Self-Esteem Multidimensional Scale, and Children's Self-Concept Scale. The results indicated that children with ADHD showed worse out comes in attention and executive functions evaluations, in the belief of doing things the wrong way, in feelings of guilt and in low self-esteem, both in the general result as well as in self-perception.The study aimed to compare the performance of children with ADHD and children without learning and/or attention difficulties in tasks of visual attention, executive functions, self-esteem and self--concept. Participants were34 children, 17 with ADHD and 1272331340sem informaçãosem informaçãoAlbert, J., López-Martín, S., Fernández-Jaén, A., Carretié, L., Alteraciones emocionales en el trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad: datos existentes y cuestiones abiertas (2008) Revista de Neurología, 47, pp. 39-45(2002) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV-TR), , American Psychiatric Association (4th ed.) Washington, DC: AuthorBarkley, R.A., (2008) Transtorno de déficit de atenção/ hiperatividade: Manual para diagnóstico e tratamento, , (Ed.) (3. ed.). Porto Alegre, RS: ArtmedBerwid, O.G., Kera, E.A.C., Marks, D.J., Santra, A., Bender, H.A., Halperin, J.M., Sustained attention and response inhibitionin young children at risk for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (2005) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46 (11), pp. 1219-1229Biederman, J., Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A selective overview (2005) Biological Psychiatry, 57, pp. 1215-1220Biederman, J., Faraone, S.V., Milberger, S., Curtis, S., Chen, L., Marrs, A., Spencer, T., Predictors of persistence and remission of ADHD: Results from a four-year prospective follow-up study of ADHD children (1996) Journal of American Academic Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, pp. 966-975Biederman, J., Mick, E., Faraone, S.V., Braaten, E., Doyle, A., Spencer, T., Johnson, M.A., Influence of gender on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children referred to a psychiatric clinic (2002) American Journal Psychiatry, 159, pp. 36-42Cardo, E., Nevot, A., Redondo, M., Melero, A., Azua, B., Banda, G.G., Servera, M., Trastorno por déficit de atención/ hiperactividad: ?un patrón evolutivo? (2010) Revista de Neurología, 50 (SUPL. 3), pp. S143-S147Castellanos, F.X., Proal, E., Large-scale brain systems in ADHD: Beyond the prefrontal-striatal model (2012) Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16 (1), pp. 17-26Chan, E., Mattingley, J.B., Huang-Pollock, C., English, T., Hester, R., Vance, A., Bellgrove, M.A., Abnormal spatial asymmetry of selective attention in ADHD (2009) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50 (9), pp. 1064-1072Ciasca, S.M., Rodrigues, S.D., Salgado, C.A., (2010) TDAH: Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade, pp. 23-36. , (Eds.) Rio de Janeiro, RJ: RevinterDuPaul, G.J., Stoner, G., (2007) TDAH nas escolas: Estratégias de avaliação e intervenção, , São Paulo, SP: M. BooksDupuy, F.E., Barry, R.J., Clarke, A.R., McCarthy, R., Selikowitz, M., Sex differences between the combined and inattentive types of attention-defi cit/hyperactivity disorder: An EEG perspective (2013) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 89 (3), pp. 320-327Eiraldi, R., Power, T., Karustis, J., Goldstein, S., Assessing ADHD and comorbid disorders in children: The Child Behavior Checklist and the Devereux Scales of Mental Disorders (2000) Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29 (1), pp. 3-16. , (March)Fernandez-Mayoralas, D.M., Fernandez-Jaen, A., Garcia-Segura, J.M., Quinones-Tapia, D., Neuroimagen en el transtorno por defi cit de atencion/hiperactividad (2010) Revista de Neurología, 50 (SUPL. 3), pp. S125-S133Glass, K., Flory, K., Martin, A., Hankin, B., ADHD and comorbid conduct problems among adolescents: Associations with self-esteem and substance use (2011) Attention Defi cit Hyperactivity Disorder, 3, pp. 29-39Gobbita, M., (2003) Escala multidimensional de auto-estima (EMAE): Construção e validação com crianças e adolescentes brasileiro, , (Tese de doutorado, Centro de Ciências da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil)Gobitta, M., Guzzo, R.S.L., Estudo inicial do Inventário de Auto-Estima (SEI) - Forma A (2002) Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 15 (1), pp. 143-150Gouveia, V.V., Barbosa, G.A., Almeida, H.J.F., Gaião, A.A., Inventário de Depressão Infantil - CDI: Estudo de adaptação com escolares de João Pessoa (1995) Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 44, pp. 345-349Kovacs, M., (1992) Children Depression Inventory CDI: Manual, , New York: Multi-Health SystemsKrauel, K., Duzel, E., Hinrichs, H., Rellum, T., Santel, S., Baving, L., Emotional memory in ADHD patients with and without comorbid ADD/CD (2009) Journal Neural Transmission, 116, pp. 117-120Lima, R.F., Azoni, C.A.S., Ciasca, S.M., Attentional performance and executive functions in children with learning difficulties (2011) Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 24 (4), pp. 685-691Lima, R.F., Travaini, P.P., Ciasca, S.M., Amostra de desempenho de estudantes do ensino fundamental em testes de atenção e funções executivas (2009) Psicopedagogia, 26 (80), pp. 188-199López-Villalobos, J.A., Serrano-Pintado, I., Andrés-De Llano, J.M., Delgado Sánchez-Mateos, J., Alberola-López, S., Sánchez-Azón, M.I., Utilidad del test de Stroop en el trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (2010) Revista de Neurología, 50, pp. 333-340López-Villalobos, J.A., Serrano-Pintado, I., Delgado Sánchez--Mateos, J., Ruiz Sanz, F., Sánchez-Azón, M.I., Sacristán Martín, M.A., Transtorno por déficit de atención/ hiperactividad: perfi l intelectual y factor de independencia a la distracción (2007) Revista de Neurología, 44 (10), pp. 589-595Mattos, P., Serra-Pinheiro, M.A., Rohde, L.A., Pinto, D., Apresentação de uma versão em português para uso no Brasil do instrumento MTA-SNAP-IV de avaliação de sintomas de transtorno do déficit de atenção/hiperatividade e sintomas de transtorno desafi ador e de oposição (2006) Revista de Psiquiatria, 28 (3), pp. 290-297Miranda-Casas, A., Presentación-Herrero, M.J., Colomer-Diago, C., Roselló, B., Satisfacción con la vida de niños con trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad: estudio de posibles factores de riesgo y de protección (2011) Revista de Neurología, 52 (SUPL. 1), pp. S119-S126Simão, A.N.P., (2004) Avaliação neuropsicológica em crianças com transtorno e déficit de atenção e hiperatividade, , (Dissertação de mestrado, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil)Simão, A.N.P., (2008) Treino em solução de problemas com crianças que apresentam transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade, , (Tese de doutorado, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil)Simão, A.N.P., Toledo, M.M., Ciasca, S.M., Transtornos de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade. (2010) TDAH: Transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade, pp. 23-36. , S. M. Ciasca, S. D. Rodrigues, & C. A. Salgado (Eds.), Rio de Janeiro, RJ: RevinterSisto, F.F., Martinelli, S.C., (2004) Escala de Autoconceito Infanto - Juvenil (EAC-IJ), , São Paulo, SP: VetorSpreen, O., Strauss, E., (1998) A compendium of neuropsychological tests- administration, norms and commentary, , New York: Oxford University PressTaanila, A.M., Hurtig, T.M., Miettunen, J., Ebeling, H.E., Moilanen, I.K., Association between ADHD symptoms and adolescents' psychosocial well-being: A study of the northern Finland Birth cohort 1986 (2009) International Journal of Circumpolar Health, 68 (2), pp. 133-144Toledo, M.M., (2006) Comparação do diagnóstico e resposta a um treino de atenção em crianças com os subtipos de transtorno e déficit de atenção/hiperatividade, , (Tese de doutorado, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil)Tunstall, J.R., (1999) Improving the utility of Tower of London: A neuropsychological test of planning, , (Master's thesis of Philosophy, School of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Healthy Sciences, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia)Comparar o desempenho de crianças com TDAH e crianças sem queixas de aprendizagem e/ou atenção em tarefas de atenção visual, funções executivas, autoestima e autoconceito. Fizeram parte do estudo 34 crianças, sendo 17 com TDAH e 17 do grupo controle, co

Escolarização De Alunos Com Autismo

The inclusion of students with disabilities at school poses great challenges to educational policy. In the case of autism, communication and interaction difficulties add to the already existing barriers to the participation of students in the school setting. For this reason, in the present study, we proposed to investigate the autism schooling in a city in the state of São Paulo. We aimed at analyzing school access and stay of these students, and at characterizing the therapeutic and educational resources available to them. It is a descriptive study that analyzed data from the Basic Education Census of Atibaia between 2009 and 2012. The results show that the enrolment of students with autism is concentrated in public regular schools. Some of the students are enrolled in special schools. The study points, also, to the great number of students that evade the school system. In general, the schooling process of students with autism does not come to completion and few reach high school. © 2016, Associacao Brasileira de Pesquisadores em Educacao Especial. All rights reserved.22226928

Structural and optical studies of FeSb2 under high pressure

Nanostructured orthorhombic FeSb2 and an amorphous phase were formed by mechanical alloying starting from a mixture of high purity elemental Fe and Sb powders. The effects of high pressures on structural and optical properties were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy (RS). XRD patterns showed the presence of the orthorhombic FeSb2 phase up to the maximum pressure applied (28.2 GPa). The XRD patterns showed also an increase in the amount of the amorphous phase with increasing pressure up to 23.3 GPa. At 14.3 GPa, together with the former phases, a new phase was observed and indexed to a tetragonal FeSb2 phase, but its volume fraction is small at least up to 23.3 GPa. For the orthorhombic FeSb2 phase, the pressure dependence of the volume fitted to a Birch-Murnaghan equation of state gave a bulk modulus = 74.2 +- 3.0 GPa and its pressure derivative = 7.5 +- 0.6. RS measurements were performed from atmospheric pressure up to 45.2 GPa. For the orthorhombic FeSb2 phase, the Raman active mode was observed up to the maximum pressure applied, while the mode disappeared at 16.6 GPa. For pressures higher than 21 GPa, the Raman active mode of a tetragonal FeSb2 phase was observed, confirming ab initio calculations reported in the literature.Comment: 31 pages, 11 figures and 2 tables. Already submitted for publicatio

Poultry offal meal in broiler chicken feed

An outstanding feature of poultry production that provides animal protein yield for human feeding is its short production cycle. This characteristic has a linear relationship with waste production. Increasing the inclusion of this residue in diets in the near future is desirable in step with the growth of poultry production since it offers a better environmental and nutritional alternative to current methods. We evaluated the effects on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens produced by the inclusion of poultry offal meal (POM) in their feed. Treatments consisted of a control diet (corn, Zea mays and soybean, Glycine max) and four diets with inclusion of 30, 60, 90 and 120 g kg-1 of POM. The diets were formulated based on the level of digestible amino acid once categorized as isocalcic, isophosphoric, isosodic, isoenergetic and isonutritive for protein, methionine+cystine, lysine and threonine. The feed's electrolytes were corrected so that each diet had the same electrolytic balance. The variables analyzed were feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, body weight, carcass yield, chicken cut yield and abdominal fat. Feed intake was not affected by the quantities of POM added. The weight gain, feed conversion, carcass yield and noble cuts presented quadratic responses to the treatments. Abdominal fat increased linearly. The performance of the poultry, and carcass characteristics were maximized by the inclusion of 53 and 65 g kg-1, respectively, of POM in the diet, and the inclusion of 120 g kg-1 of POM provided greater disposition of abdominal fat

M-Theory Moduli Space and Cosmology

We conduct a systematic search for a viable string/M-theory cosmology, focusing on cosmologies that include an era of slow-roll inflation, after which the moduli are stabilized and the Universe is in a state with an acceptably small cosmological constant. We observe that the duality relations between different cosmological backgrounds of string/M-theory moduli space are greatly simplified, and that this simplification leads to a truncated moduli space within which possible cosmological solutions lie. We review some known challenges to four dimensional models in the "outer", perturbative, region of moduli space, and use duality relations to extend them to models of all of the (compactified) perturbative string theories and 11D supergravity, including brane world models. We conclude that cosmologies restricted to the outer region are not viable, and that the most likely region of moduli space in which to find realistic cosmology is the "central", non-perturbative region, with coupling and compact volume both of order unity, in string units.Comment: 42 pages, 3 figure

Schistosomiasis Mansoni In Urban Northeast Brazil: Influence Of Rainfall Regime On The Population Dynamics Of Biomphalaria Sp

Introduction: Our objective was to evaluate the infl uence of rainfall regime on the population dynamics of Biomphalaria in a potential urban focus of schistosomiasis in Aracaju, Brazil, during 2009-2010. Methods: Snails were collected monthly and were counted, measured and identifi ed; the level of infection and fecal contamination at the sampling sites was determined; rainfall data were obtained. Results: High levels of fecal contamination were observed, and the abundance of Biomphalaria glabrata increased during the rainy and post-rainy seasons. The snails' size was variable, and infected snails were identifi ed independently of rainfall. Conclusions: These results provide evidence of anthropogenic and climate interference in an urban focus of schistosomiasis in the Aracaju metropolitan area.465654657Pordeus, L.C., Aguiar, L.R., Quinino, L.R.M., Barbosa, C.S.A., Ocorrência das formas aguda e crônica da esquistossomose mansônica no Brasil no período de 1997 a 2006: Uma revisão de literatura (2008) Epidemiol Serv Saude, 17, pp. 163-175Souza, M.A.A., Barbosa, V.S., Wanderlei, T.N.G., Barbosa, C.S., Criadouros de Biomphalaria, temporários e permanentes, em Jaboatão dos Guararapes, PE (2008) Rev Soc Bras Med Trop, 41, pp. 252-256Araújo, K.C.G.M., Resendes, A.P.C., Souza-Santos, R., Silveira Jr., J.C., Barbosa, C.S., Análise espacial dos focos de Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818) e de casos humanos de esquistossomose mansônica em Porto de Galinhas, Pernambuco, Brasil, no ano 2000 (2007) Cad Saude Publica, 23, pp. 409-417Lima, L.C., Família Planorbidae (1995) Tópicos em Malacologia Médica., pp. 90-112. , In: Barbosa FS, editor. Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz(2005) Resolução CONAMA no 357, , http://www.cetesb.sp.gov.br/Agua/praias/res_conama_357_05.pdf, Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA). de 17 de março de. [Cited 2011 February 23]. Available fromSouza, M.A.A., Barbosa, V.S., Albuquerque, J.O., Bocanegra, S., Souza-Santos, R., Paredes, H., Aspectos ecológicos e levantamento malacológico para identificação de áreas de risco para transmissão da esquistossomose mansoni no litoral norte de Pernambuco, Brasil (2010) Iheringia Serie Zoológica, 100, pp. 19-24Barbosa, F.S., Barbosa, C.S., The bioecology of snails vectors for schistosomiasis in Brazil (1994) Cad Saude Publica, 10, pp. 200-209Fernandez, M.A., Thiengo, S.C., Susceptibility of Biomphalaria straminea from Peixe Angical dam, Tocantins, Brazil to infection with three strains of Schistosoma mansoni (2010) Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 105, pp. 488-491Barbosa, C.S., Domingues, A.L.C., Abath, F., Montenegro, S.M.L., Guida, U., Carneiro, J., Epidemia de esquistossomose aguda na praia de Porto de Galinhas, Pernambuco, Brasil (2001) Cad Saude Publica, 17, pp. 725-728Rollemberg, C.V.V., Santos, C.M.B., Silva, M.M.B.L., Souza, A.M.B., Silva, A.M., Almeida, J.A.P., Aspectos epidemiológicos e distribuição geográfica da esquistossomose e geo-helmintos, no Estado de Sergipe, de acordo com os dados do Programa de Controle da Esquistossomose (2011) Rev Soc Bras Med Trop, 44, pp. 91-96Barbosa, C.S., Montenegro, S.M.L., Abath, F.G., Domingues, A.L.C., Eventos epidemiológicos relacionados à transmissão da esquistossomose em áreas rurais e urbanas de Pernambuco (2002) Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 96, pp. 169-172Departamento de Vigilância Epidemiológica (2008) Vigilância e controle de moluscos de importância epidemiológica: Diretrizes técnicas., , Ministério da Saúde. Programa de Vigilância e Controle da Esquistossomose (PCE). 2nded. Brasília: Ministério da Saúd

The innovation of the symbiosome has enhanced the evolutionary stability of nitrogen fixation in legumes

Nitrogen-fixing symbiosis is globally important in ecosystem functioning and agriculture, yet the evolutionary history of nodulation remains the focus of considerable debate. Recent evidence suggesting a single origin of nodulation followed by massive parallel evolutionary losses raises questions about why a few lineages in the N2-fixing clade retained nodulation and diversified as stable nodulators, while most did not. Within legumes, nodulation is restricted to the two most diverse subfamilies, Papilionoideae and Caesalpinioideae, which show stable retention of nodulation across their core clades. We characterize two nodule anatomy types across 128 species in 56 of the 152 genera of the legume subfamily Caesalpinioideae: fixation thread nodules (FTs), where nitrogen-fixing bacteroids are retained within the apoplast in modified infection threads, and symbiosomes, where rhizobia are symplastically internalized in the host cell cytoplasm within membrane-bound symbiosomes (SYMs). Using a robust phylogenomic tree based on 997 genes from 147 Caesalpinioideae genera, we show that losses of nodulation are more prevalent in lineages with FTs than those with SYMs. We propose that evolution of the symbiosome allows for a more intimate and enduring symbiosis through tighter compartmentalization of their rhizobial microsymbionts, resulting in greater evolutionary stability of nodulation across this species-rich pantropical legume clade

Unified dark energy models : a phenomenological approach

A phenomenological approach is proposed to the problem of universe accelerated expansion and of the dark energy nature. A general class of models is introduced whose energy density depends on the redshift $z$ in such a way that a smooth transition among the three main phases of the universe evolution (radiation era, matter domination, asymptotical de Sitter state) is naturally achieved. We use the estimated age of the universe, the Hubble diagram of Type Ia Supernovae and the angular size - redshift relation for compact and ultracompact radio structures to test whether the model is in agreement with astrophysical observation and to constrain its main parameters. Although phenomenologically motivated, the model may be straightforwardly interpreted as a two fluids scenario in which the quintessence is generated by a suitably chosen scalar field potential. On the other hand, the same model may also be read in the context of unified dark energy models or in the framework of modified Friedmann equation theories.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication on Physical Review

Bacterial strains from floodplain soils perform different plant-growth promoting processes and enhance cowpea growth

ABSTRACT Certain nodulating nitrogen-fixing bacteria in legumes and other nodule endophytes perform different plant-growth promoting processes. The objective of this study was to evaluate 26 bacterial strains isolated from cowpea nodules grown in floodplain soils in the Brazilian savannas, regarding performance of plant-growth promoting processes and ability to enhance cowpea growth. We also identified these strains by 16S rRNA sequencing. The following processes were evaluated: free-living biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), solubilization of calcium, aluminum and iron phosphates and production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The abilities to nodulate and promote cowpea growth were evaluated in Leonard jars. Partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene identified 60 % of the strains as belonging to genus Paenibacillus. The following four genera were also identified: Bacillus, Bradyrhizobium, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas. None of the strains fixed N2 free-living. Among the strains, 80 % solubilized Ca phosphate and one solubilized Al phosphate and none solubilized Fe phosphate. The highest IAA concentrations (52.37, 51.52 and 51.00 μg mL−1) were obtained in the 79 medium with tryptophan by Enterobacter strains UFPI B5-7A, UFPI B5-4 and UFPI B5-6, respectively. Only eight strains nodulated cowpea, however, all increased production of total dry matter. The fact that the strains evaluated perform different biological processes to promote plant growth indicates that these strains have potential use in agricultural crops to increase production and environmental sustainability

On exact solutions for quintessential (inflationary) cosmological models with exponential potentials

We first study dark energy models with a minimally-coupled scalar field and exponential potentials, admitting exact solutions for the cosmological equations: actually, it turns out that for this class of potentials the Einstein field equations exhibit alternative Lagrangians, and are completely integrable and separable (i.e. it is possible to integrate the system analytically, at least by quadratures). We analyze such solutions, especially discussing when they are compatible with a late time quintessential expansion of the universe. As a further issue, we discuss how such quintessential scalar fields can be connected to the inflationary phase, building up, for this class of potentials, a quintessential inflationary scenario: actually, it turns out that the transition from inflation toward late-time exponential quintessential tail admits a kination period, which is an indispensable ingredient of this kind of theoretical models. All such considerations have also been done by including radiation into the model.Comment: Revtex4, 10 figure