Avaliação das ações educativas na promoção do autogerenciamento dos cuidados em diabetes mellitus tipo 2

The objective of this is study to evaluate the educational practices in promoting the self-management of diabetes mellitus. Subjects were twenty-six individuals with type 2 diabetes, who participated in the educational program at a teaching hospital in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. The subjects were followed for four months in 2008. The educational group practices consisted of three monthly meetings, in which recreational and interactive dynamics were performed, and individual sessions were held using dialogic education. The evaluation was performed using a specific questionnaire: self-care and clinical exams in the beginning and four months after the intervention. The mean age of the subjects was 60.9 ±8.4 years; the mean time of disease was 8.7±6.7 years; most (55.6% or 27 individuals) had incomplete primary education and a family income between 1 and 3 minimum salaries. Satisfactory results were found in the self-care test. It was also observed that HbA1c levels dropped down and the educational practices improved self-care and self-management of the disease.Estudio que apunta a evaluar acciones educativas promotoras de autogerenciamiento de cuidados en diabetes mellitus. Veintisiete individuos con diabetes tipo 2, atendidos en programa educativo del hospital/escuela de Belo Horizonte-MG, fueron seguidos durante cuatro meses en el año 2008. Las acciones educativas en los grupos consistieron en tres encuentros mensuales, en los que se desarrollaban dinámicas lúdicas interactivas y la atención individual se realizaba mediante educación dialógica. Se evaluó mediante cuestionario específico: autogerenciamiento de cuidados y exámenes clínicos en momento inicial y después de cuatro meses de la intervención. La media etaria de los individuos era 60,9±8,4 años, tiempo medio de la enfermedad 8,7±6,7 años, con educación primaria incompleta y renta familiar de 1 a 3 salarios mínimos (55,6%=27 individuos). Los resultados fueron satisfactorios en el test de autogerenciamiento de cuidados. Se observó reducción en niveles de HbA1c y las acciones educativas favorecieron el autocuidado y autocontrol de la enfermedad.O estudo visa avaliar as ações educativas na promoção do autogerenciamento dos cuidados em diabetes mellitus. Vinte e sete indivíduos com diabetes tipo 2, atendidos no programa educativo do hospital-escola de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, foram acompanhados durante quatro meses no ano de 2008. As ações educativas nos grupos consistiam de três encontros mensais, nos quais eram desenvolvidas dinâmicas lúdicas e interativas, e o atendimento individual realizado por meio da educação dialógica. A avaliação foi feita mediante questionário específico: autogerenciamento dos cuidados e exames clínicos no tempo inicial e após quatro meses da intervenção. Os indivíduos tinham idade média de 60,9 ±8,4 anos; o tempo médio da doença de 8,7±6,7 anos, tinham Ensino Fundamental incompleto e renda familiar de um a três salários mínimos 55, 6% (27). Os resultados foram satisfatórios no teste de autogerenciamento dos cuidados. Observou-se redução nos níveis de HbA1c e que as ações educativas favoreceram o autocuidado e o autocontrole da doença

Análise físico-química de cará-de-espinho (Dioscorea chondrocarpa Griseb.) produzido em Manaus / Physical-chemical analysis of the dunguey (Dioscorea chondrocarpa Griseb.) produced in Manaus

O cará-de-espinho (D. chondrocarpa) é considerado uma planta alimentícia não convencional, que apresenta potencial para a alimentação humana e na diversificação das fontes de rendas familiares dos povos amazônicos. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar uma composição físico-química de diferentes partes dos rizóforos de cará-espinho (D. chondrocarpa) produzido em Manaus no IFAM CMZL. As mesmas foram avaliadas quanto às suas composições físicas-aplicadas, através da determinação de umidade, proteínas, lipídios, cinzas, fibras, carboidratos e valor calórico. A amostra RIZ P1 foi superior nos teores de proteínas, lipídeos, fibras e carboidratos em relação às outras. No geral, o cará-espinho (D. chondrocarpa) foi considerado um alimento nutritivo, grupos maiores de proteínas e fibras

Produtividade e qualidade sensorial da bebida de café arábica em consórcio com espécies madeireiras

The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity and beverage sensory quality of arabica coffee under the influence of tree species cultivated at different spacings. The experiment was set in 2012, in the municipality of Santo Antônio do Amparo, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A randomized complete block design was carried out with four replicates and seven treatments, as follows: Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 Coffea arabica in monoculture (3.40x0.65 m); and this cultivar intercropped at two spacings (9.0x13.6 and 18.0x13.6 m) in the coffee row ‒ either with African mahogany (Khaya ivorensis), teak (Tectona grandis), or pink cedar (Acrocarpus fraxinifolius). Three coffee rows were fixed between rows, totaling 13.6 m between the wooded rows. Productivity, sensory analysis (cup test), and content analysis of sensory attributes were evaluated in the 2017 and 2018 crop years. The treatments and years of harvest influenced productivity. The sensory analysis was positive for coffee intercropped with African mahogany and teak, in 2018. Sensory attributes and nuances are modified by the years of harvest. Arabica coffee plants intercropped with African mahogany show a superior productivity, regardless of the spacing between species, as well as a higher sensory quality in the 2018 harvest.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade e a qualidade sensorial da bebida do café arábica sob a influência de espécies arbóreas cultivadas em diferentes espaçamentos. O ensaio foi instalado em 2012, no município do Santo Antônio do Amparo, no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Um delineamento de blocos ao acaso foi realizado, com quatro repetições e sete tratamentos, conforme a seguir: Coffea arabica Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 em monocultivo (3,40x0,65 m); e essa cultivar consorciada em dois espaçamentos (9,0x13,6 e 18,0x13,6 m), na linha dos cafeeiros, com mogno-africano (Khaya ivorensis), teca (Tectona grandis), ou cedro-rosa (Acrocarpus fraxinifolius). Nas entrelinhas, foram fixadas três linhas de café, tendo totalizado 13,6 m entre as fileiras arborizadas. A produtividade, a análise sensorial (prova de xícara) e a análise de conteúdo dos atributos sensoriais foram avaliadas nas safras de 2017 e 2018. Os tratamentos e os anos de colheita influenciaram na produtividade. A análise sensorial foi positiva para o consórcio com o mogno-africano e a teca, em 2018. Os atributos sensoriais e as nuances são modificados pelos anos de colheita. Os cafeeiros arábica consorciados com mogno-africano apresentam produtividade superior, independentemente do espaçamento entre as espécies, bem como qualidade sensorial superior na colheita de 2018

Adiposity and postural balance control: Correlations between bioelectrical impedance and stabilometric signals in elderly Brazilian women

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between body adiposity and postural control in elderly women. INTRODUCTION: Aging and obesity account for a significant portion of healthcare spending. Life expectancy is increasing worldwide, and Rio de Janeiro has the largest proportion of elderly residents of all Brazilian states. METHODS: A total of 45 women underwent bioelectrical impedance analysis, waist circumference measurements, weight and height measurements, and stabilometric tests in eight different stance conditions (opened and closed bases with both eyes opened and closed and right and left tandem and unilateral stances with eyes opened). During unilateral stances, the number of hand or foot contacts was counted. RESULTS: Weight, body mass index, waist circumference, fat percentage, and fat mass showed statistically significant (p,0.05) and positive correlations with the number of contacts made during unilateral stances. The subjects with greater fat mass showed significantly higher anterior-posterior standard deviation and range when their eyes were closed. The sway area was also greater for this group in opened base when their eyes were closed. DISCUSSION: The results relating body adiposity and postural control can be explained by the difficulty of maintaining a greater quantity of body fat mass within the limits of the individual support base, especially while assuming a unilateral stance. CONCLUSION: The subjects with a greater fat mass exhibited poor balance control, indicating that body adiposity level was associated with postural control in the elderly women examined in the present study

Avaliação de progênies de café obtidas por cruzamentos das cultivares Icatu e Catimor

The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity and resistance to leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Br.) of twenty four F4 coffee progenies from crosses between the Icatu and Catimor cultivars. The experiment was carried out in Três Pontas, Minas Gerais State, in a randomized block design with four repetitions and 25 treatments. The Rubi MG 1192 cultivar was used as control. Coffee bean yield in bags.ha-1 from six harvests (from 2001/2002 to 2006/2007) and leaf rust incidence and severity in the first semester of 2006 were analyzed. The results indicated variability among the evaluated progenies, mainly for grain yield and rust resistance, as confirmed by herdibility traits, which showed a broad range of 31,5% for grain yield and up to 92,8% for rust incidence. This condition, associated with high bean yield, which reached 31,9 bags.ha-1, and with low rust incidence and severity demonstrated the possibility of selecting outstanding progenies from among the studied population, which potentially can be used as productive and commercial cultivars resistant to leaf rust.Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho em relação à produtividade e resistência à ferrugem de 24 progênies F4 de café originadas do cruzamento entre as cultivares Icatu e Catimor. As progênies foram avaliadas em experimento instalado em Três Pontas, sul do Estado de Minas Gerais na Fazenda Experimental da Epamig. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e 25 tratamentos, 24 progênies do cruzamento mais a cultivar Rubi MG 1192 como testemunha. Para a análise dos dados, adotou-se o esquema de parcela subdividida no tempo. Foram analisadas as características: produção em sacas beneficiadas.ha-1 de seis colheitas: 2001/2002 a 2006/2007 e a incidência e a severidade da ferrugem no primeiro semestre de 2006. Pelos resultados obtidos, verifica-se que as progênies avaliadas apresentam variabilidade, principalmente para a resistência à ferrugem, confirmado pelas estimativas da herdabilidade, que foram de boa magnitude, chegando até o valor de 92,8% para a característica incidência da ferrugem. Essa condição, aliada às médias altas de produção, que chegaram até a 31,9 sacas.ha-1 na média das seis colheitas, à baixa incidência e severidade da ferrugem, demonstrou que é possível selecionar progênies superiores na população estudada, com potencial de serem lançadas como cultivares produtivas e resistentes à ferrugem

A review of oral biopsies in children and adolescents: a clinicopathological study of a case series

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features of oral lesions in children and adolescents diagnosed in an Oral Pathology Laboratory. Study design: Between 2000 and 2010, all oral lesions diagnosed in patients younger than 18 years old, from the Oral Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil, were selected for the study. The clinical data were obtained from the patient charts filed in the Laboratory. All cases were microscopically reviewed and the diagnosis classified into 10 categories. Results: From the 2395 lesions, 315 (13.1%) occurred in this age group. The lesions were more common in the female gender (59%) during the second decade of life (69%). The inflammatory/reactive lesions were the most common (64.4%), followed by the epithelial and soft tissue neoplasms (8.6%). The mucocele (33.3%) was the most common lesion, with the lip mucosa representing the most affected site (48%). In 61.5% there was concordance between clinical hypothesis of diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis. Conclusions: Inflammatory/reactive lesions were the most common biopsied lesions and the lip the most frequent site. Similar studies are important, reinforced by the low correlation between clinical diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis

Urinary infection or radiation cystitis? A prospective evaluation of urinary symptoms in patients submitted to pelvic radiotherapy

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients with cystitis symptoms who underwent pelvic radiation therapy and identify correlated predictive factors. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted of patients who met the following: primary pelvic cancer treated with curative intent, older than 18 years old, and good performance status. The exclusion criteria were patients being treated for a UTI, using a urinary catheter, in dialysis or with cystostomy or nephrostomy, and using antibiotics during treatment. Urinalysis and urine culture were collected before the beginning of radiation therapy. Weekly evaluations of urinary symptoms were subsequently performed. In cases of new or worsening symptoms, a questionnaire was applied, and new urine exams were collected. The UTI diagnosis was defined by uroculture as bacterial growth greater than 104 CFU/mL. RESULTS: From September 2014 to November 2015, 112 patients were sequentially recruited, and 72 (64%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. During follow-up, 24 (33%) patients had new urinary symptoms or worse preexisting symptoms. A UTI was confirmed in the second urinary culture in only one (1.4%) patient. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of UTI was much lower than expected, suggesting that asymptomatic bacteriuria develops symptoms due to radiotherapy. Due to the low rate of UTI, no predictive factor was identified

Dwarf silver banana post-harvest anthracnose control with fungicides and under refrigeration

Anthracnose is one of the main post-harvest disease of the banana, caused by different physiological races of Colletotrichum musae. It manifests itself mostly in ripe fruits, threatening its quality. Its appearance is related to the inadequate handling, absence of chemical control in field, and cooling. Application of chemical products is usually done during the processing, but it is important to point out that it can be done while the fruit is still in the field. This work had as an objective to verify the effect post-harvest application of fungicides to control anthracnose in Dwarf Silver bananas, stored at 20ºC and 12ºC. To that end, the influence of the thiabendazole and imazalil fungicides was tested on Colletotrichum musae. In the tests we employed Dwarfed Silver isolates of cultivars FHIA 02 and ST 4208 inoculated in Dwarfed Silver bananas. The evaluations were done every 3 days, by measuring the size of injuries (mm²). The inoculated fruits were discarded in the stage 7 of maturation (yellow with brown tips). The most efficient treatments in disease control were those in which the bananas were treated with the thiabendazole fungicide. The difference in relation to the pathogenicity of the isolates used, demonstrated the specificity of the cultivar.A antracnose é uma das principais doenças após a colheita da banana, causada pelas diferentes raças fisiológicas do fungo Colletotrichum musae, e que se manifesta na maioria das vezes na fruta madura, comprometendo a sua qualidade. Seu aparecimento está relacionado ao manuseio inadequado, ausência de controle químico em campo e de refrigeração. A aplicação de produtos químicos é efetuada durante o beneficiamento, sendo importante salientar que pode iniciar com a fruta ainda no campo. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, verificar o efeito de fungicidas utilizados após a colheita, visando o controle da antracnose em bananas, cultivar Prata Anã, armazenadas a 20ºC e 12ºC. Para isso, foi testada a ação dos fungicidas tiabendazol e imazalil no controle de Colletotrichum musae. No teste, foram empregados isolados das cultivares Prata Anã, FHIA 02 e ST 4208, inoculados em bananas-prata anã. As avaliações foram efetuadas a cada 3 dias, por meio de medições do tamanho das lesões (mm²), sendo as frutas inoculadas descartadas no estádio de maturação 7 (amarelo com pontas marrom). Os tratamentos mais eficientes no controle da doença foram aqueles em que as bananas foram tratadas com o fungicida tiabendazol. No estudo, também foi verificada diferença em relação à patogenicidade dos isolados utilizados, que demonstraram especificidade quanto a cultivar.1004100

Potassium sources of Cattleya loddigesii plants in vitro growth

Plantas de Cattleya loddigesii com 1,0-1,5cm de comprimento, oriundas de sementes germinadas in vitro, foram inoculadas nos tratamentos, os quais consistiram da adição de diferentes concentrações de cloreto e sulfato de potássio (ambos a 0, 125, 250, 375 e 500mg L-1) ao meio Knudson C, em todas as combinações possíveis, acrescido de 2g L-1 de carvão ativado e 150g L-1 de polpa de banana "Nanica". O meio teve seu pH ajustado para 5,8±0,1 e foi solidificado com 5g L-1 de ágar antes da autoclavagem a 121°C por 20 minutos. Após a inoculação, as culturas foram mantidas por 90 dias em sala de crescimento com irradiância em torno de 35µmol m-2 s-1, temperatura de 25±1°C e fotoperíodo de 16 horas. A combinação de 500mg L-1 de KCl com 500mg L-1 de K2SO4 promoveu maior crescimento in vitro em plantas de Cattleya loddigesii, exceto no comprimento de raízes, que se apresentou melhor com 500mg L-1 de KCl na ausência de K2SO4.Cattleya loddigesii preceding seedlings (with 1.0-1.5cm) of in vitro germinated seeds were used as explants. The treatments consisted of the addition of different potassium chloride concentrations (0; 125; 250; 375 e 500mg L-1) and potassium sulphate (0; 125; 250; 375 e 500mg L-1), in the Knudson C medium, in all possible combinations, an addition of 2g L-1 activated coal, 150g L-1 and banana 'Nanica' pulp. The medium had the pH set to 5.8±0.1 and was solidified with agar 5g L-1 before the sterilization at 121°C for 20 minutes. After the inoculation, the cultures were maintained in the growth room with irradiancy around 35µmol m-2 s-1 in, 25±1°C temperature and 16-hour photoperiod for 90 days. The combination of KCl 500mg L-1 with K2SO4 500mg L-1 promotes good in vitro growth in Cattleya loddigesii seedlings, except length of roots who if comported better with KCl500 mg L-1 in absence of K2SO4

Caracterização de plantas de cobertura por RMN : impactos nos teores de carbono, nitrogênio e fósforo sob sistemas de manejo

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da composição química de plantas de cobertura por RMN de 13C CPMAS no estado sólido sobre os estoques de C e N, bem como, razões C/N e C/P em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo sob preparo convencional e sistema plantio direto. Amostras de tecidos das plantas de cobertura Crotalaria juncea, Canavalia brasiliensis, Mucuna pruriens, e Raphanus sativus foram analisadas por RMN de 13C CPMAS no estado sólido. Amostras de solo para caracterização dos teores de C, N e P foram coletadas em duas épocas e nas camadas de 0-5 e 5-10 cm. A espécie Mucuna pruriens apresentou maiores concentrações de carbono do grupo de compostos aromáticos no tecido vegetal, refletindo uma menor decomposição desse material lignificado. Os estoques de carbono foram mais elevados na camada superficial no sistema plantio direto. Os incrementos da razão C/N no solo cultivado com Mucuna pruriens, na estação seca, resultaram da decomposição mais lenta dos resíduos vegetais que apresentaram maior concentração de compostos recalcitrantes (aromáticos) no tecido vegetal. A decomposição mais lenta do resíduo de Mucuna pruriens, principalmente, pela composição química com menor proporção de polissacarídeos em relação aos compostos aromáticos, também pode ter resultado nos valores de C/P mais elevados encontrados no solo cultivado com essa leguminosa. Os maiores valores de C/P na camada de 0-5 cm devem-se aos maiores teores de P (Mehlich-1) na camada de 5-10 cm (25 mg kg-1) e também à maior concentração de C na superfície do solo pelo acúmulo dos resíduos vegetais.The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of cover crops by solid-state CPMAS 13C NMR spectroscopy and its effects on carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in a Typic Acrustox. Cover crops (Crotalaria juncea, Canavalia brasiliensis, Cajanus cajan, Mucuna pruriens and Raphanus sativus) and natural fallow were studied in rotation with maize under conventional and no-tillage regimes. Tissues of Crotalaria juncea, Canavalia brasiliensis, Mucuna pruriens and Raphanus sativus were analyzed using CPMAS 13C NMR spectroscopy. Soil samples were collected at the end of the growing season of the cover crops (September 2002) and during the grain filling period in corn from 0-5 and 5-10 cm layers. Cajanus cajan presented the lowest content of polysaccharides and along with Mucuna pruriens presented the highest percentage of aromatic carbon compounds, reflecting the slow decomposition of highly lignified material. Carbon stocks were higher in the superficial soil layer and under no-tillage due to the accumulation and slower decomposition of plant tissues under these conditions. Increases in the C/N ratio of the soil with Mucuna pruriens and the C/P ratio with Cajanus cajan in the dry season were also related to slower rates of decomposition, caused by the large concentration of aromatic compounds in the tissues of these species. The higher C/P ratios found at 0-5 cm layer are due to higher values of P (Mehlich-1) at 5-10 cm (25 mg kg-1) layer and the higher concentration of carbon in the superficial soil layer as a result of the accumulation of plant residues