Mar e fogo: Octavio Paz, Bosi, Drummond

O artigo a seguir se apresenta como uma análise sobre a natureza da poesia e do poema, a partir das leituras de filósofos e teóricos da literatura. Os autores utilizados são Maria Carolina Santos, Octavio Paz, Alfredo Bosi, Haroldo de Campos e Giorgio Agamben, postos em diálogo pelo fio condutor do pesquisador. Esse fio se faz por um método de narrativa da pesquisa, em primeira pessoa, instituindo as metáforas justapostas e sobrepostas do mar e do fogo como representativas da poesia-poema. As descobertas teóricas e filosóficas sobre a natureza desse par continuum são verificadas em três poemas de Drummond. As interpretações desses são como resultados do método, uma vez que a jornada teórica desemboca na utilidade dessa, para, na prática, analisar um poema (no caso, três: O Lutador, A flor e a náusea e A procura da poesia). A pergunta inicial – o que é um poema? – é, assim, respondida, ainda que provisória e nunca completamente, na escrita/leitura deste artigo.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Teoria da literatura. Poesia. Poema. Palavra-no-poema. Imagem-no-poema. Drummond. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47295/mgren.v9i3.250

PROCEDIMENTOS NARRATIVOS EM “AS MINAS DE PRATA” (DE JOSÉ DE ALENCAR)

A investigação acerca dos procedimentos narrativos (Marco, 1985; p. 132) de As Minas de Prata é sumarizada pela pesquisadora Valeria de Marco, a partir de que se recorre a uma “análise estrutural e semiológica da narrativa literária” (Genette, 1995; p. 9). Genette distingue “história”, “narrativa” e “narração”, focando a “narrativa” (Idem Ibidem; p. 25-26)

Juventudes, coletivos e participação social no processo de descolonização

This study aims to provide a contribution on decolonization from a discussion on youth, youth participation and protoganism of youth groups in Paraíba. The methodology was that of projects, carried out a documentary and bibliographic survey, held events with the project population and applied a questionnaire with participating collectives, of the extension project carried out in 2019. The results were related to the capillarity of collectives as spaces for mediation of youth protagonism, as relevant contributions in the discussion about the public sphere, social participation and protagonism, as aspects/themes that are fundamental to discuss youth, as a social category, which in turn activates the claim against the processes of contemporary colonialism around an action of decolonization, through youth protagonism.Este estudio tiene como objetivo proporcionar una contribución sobre la descolonización a partir de una discusión sobre la juventud, la participación juvenil y el protoganismo de los grupos juveniles en Paraíba. La metodología fue la de proyectos, se realizó un levantamiento documental y bibliográfico, se realizaron eventos con la población del proyecto y se aplicó un cuestionario con los colectivos participantes, del proyecto de extensión realizado en 2019. Los resultados se relacionaron con la capilaridad de los colectivos como espacios de mediación del protagonismo juvenil, como aportes relevantes en la discusión sobre la esfera pública, la participación y el protagonismo social, como aspectos / temas fundamentales para discutir la juventud, como categoría social, que a su vez activa la reivindicación frente a los procesos del colonialismo contemporáneo en torno a una acción de descolonización, a través del protagonismo juvenil.Cette étude vise à contribuer à la recherche sur la décolonisation. À cette fin, il traite de la jeunesse, de la participation et du protagonisme des collectifs de jeunes dans l'État de Paraíba (Brésil). La méthodologie adoptée a été celle des projets, à partir desquels une enquête documentaire et bibliographique a été réalisée. En ce qui concerne la génération de données, il est considéré le contexte de la tenue d'événements avec la population du projet et l'application d'un questionnaire avec les collectifs participants, dans ce cas, du projet d'extension réalisé en 2019. Les résultats ont été liés à la capillarité des collectifs en tant qu'espaces de médiation du protagonisme des jeunes, dans ce cas, des contributions pertinentes dans la discussion sur la sphère publique, la participation sociale et le protagonisme ; et comme ayant des aspects/thèmes qui sont fondamentaux pour discuter des questions de la jeunesse comme une catégorie sociale, qui en retour active la revendication contre les processus du colonialisme contemporain autour d'une action de décolonisation, par le biais du protagonisme des jeunes.Este estudo objetiva contribuir com as pesquisas acerca da descolonização. Para tanto, discute sobre juventudes, participação e protagonismo juvenil de coletivos da juventude do estado da Paraíba (Brasil). A metodologia adotada foi a de projetos, a partir da qual realizou-se um levantamento documental e bibliográfico. Com relação a geração dos dados, considera-se o contexto de realização de eventos com a população do projeto e a aplicação de questionário com coletivos participantes, no caso, do projeto de extensão realizado em 2019. Os resultados foram relacionados à capilaridade dos coletivos como espaços de mediação de protagonismo juvenil, nesse caso, de contribuições relevantes na discussão sobre a esfera pública, a participação social e o protagonismo; e como tendo aspectos/temáticas que são fundamentais para discutir sobre as questões das juventudes enquanto categoria social, que em contrapartida ativa a reivindicação contra os processos de colonialismo contemporâneo em torno de uma ação de descolonização, pela via do protagonismo juvenil

Diversity of filamentous fungi in Cerrado soil under native vegetation

Soil is a habitat intrinsic to the development of the biodiversity of microorganisms, including fungi. The municipality of Tangará da Serra - MT is located in the Cerrado region of Brazil. Considering the limited knowledge of fungal biodiversity in this region, the aim of this research was to isolate and identify filamentous fungi from the soil through seasonal surveys in three areas of native vegetation of the cerrado. Three samples were collected during the rainy period and three in the dry period. The samples were collected at a depth of 20 cm of soil, each point was composed 25 grams of soil, and each sample was subjected to serial dilution technique, inoculated in dishes, placed in a bacteriological 28ºC incubator for five days. Were isolated from 136 specimens (25 Mycelia sterilia) dispersed in 17 genera, equivalent to 02 Ascomycota, 04 Zygomycota and 11 Deuteromycota these subdivided into 10 genera of Hyphomycetes and 01 genera of Coelomycetes. The highest abundance occurred in the rainy season (69 specimens) in relation to drought (67 specimens) and richness higher was observed in the dry season (12 genera) in analogy to the rainy season (11 genera).(Diversidade de fungos filamentosos no solo do Cerrado sob vegetação nativa). O solo é um habitat intrínseco para o desenvolvimento da biodiversidade de microrganismos, destacando-se os fungos. O município de Tangará da Serra, MT, está localizado na região de cerrado brasileiro, desta forma, considerando o escasso conhecimento da biodiversidade fúngica nesta região, o presente trabalho objetivou isolar e identificar fungos filamentosos do solo, através de levantamentos sazonais em três áreas de vegetação nativa de cerrado. Foram coletadas três amostras no período chuvoso e três no período de estiagem. As sub-amostras foram coletadas a uma profundidade de 0 a 20 cm do solo, cada amostra correspondia a 25 gramas de solo, posteriormente submetidas à técnica de diluição seriada, inoculada em placas e incubadas em estufa bacteriológica a 28 ºC durante cinco dias. Foram isolados 136 espécimes (25 Mycelia sterilia) disseminados em 17 gêneros, sendo 02 Ascomycota, 04 Zygomycota e 11 Deuteromycota estes subdivididos em 10 gêneros de Hyphomycetes e 01 gênero de Coelomycetes. A maior abundância ocorreu no período chuvoso (69 UFC) em relação a estiagem (67 UFC) e a maior riqueza foi observada na estiagem (12 gêneros) em analogia  ao período chuvoso (11 gêneros)

PillCam® SB3 capsule: does the increased frame rate eliminate the risk of missing lesions?

Since its emergence in 2000, small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) has assumed a pivotal role as an investigation method for small bowel diseases. The PillCam (R) SB2-ex offers 12 h of battery time, 4 more than the previous version (SB2). Rahman et al recently found that the PillCam (R) SB2-ex has a significantly increased completion rate, although without higher diagnostic yield, compared with the SB2. We would like to discuss these somewhat surprising results and the new potentialities of the PillCam (R) SB3 regarding the diagnostic yield of small bowel studies. PillCam (R) SB3 offers improved image resolution and faster adaptable frame rate over previous versions of SBCE. We recently compared the major duodenal papilla detection rate obtained with PillCam (R) SB3 and SB2 as a surrogate indicator of diagnostic yield in the proximal small bowel. The PillCam (R) SB3 had a significantly higher major duodenal papilla detection rate than the PillCam (R) SB2 (42.7% vs 24%, P = 0.015). Thus, the most recent version of the PillCam (R) capsule, SB3, may increase diagnostic yield, particularly in the proximal segments of the small bowel

Mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis – when zero is better

Background and aims: Extensive evidence has underlined the importance of mucosal healing as a treatment aim for ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to assess differences in the incidence of clinical relapse at 12 months between UC patients with Mayo endoscopic scores (MES) 0 and 1. Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive patients in corticosteroid-free remission between 2008 and 2013 and with follow-up of at least 1 year, with MES 0 or 1 in complete colonoscopy. Clinical relapse was defined as need for induction treatment, treatment escalation, hospitalization or surgery. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The study included 138 patients, 72 (52.2%) female, with mean age of 49 (+/- 14) years. Inflammatory activity was classified as MES 0 in 61 (44.2%) patients and MES 1 in 77 (55.8%) patients. Clinical relapse during follow-up was significantly more frequent in patients with MES 1 than MES 0 (27.3 vs 11.5%, p = 0.022), and in the multivariate analysis MES 1 was the only factor significantly associated with an increased risk of relapse (odds ratio 2.89, 95% confidence interval 1.14-7.36, p = 0.026). This association was encountered in the subgroup of patients with left-sided/ extensive colitis (29.7 vs 11.1%, p = 0.049), but not proctitis (25.0 vs 12.0%, p = 0.202). Conclusions: In patients with UC in corticosteroid-free remission, particularly those with left-sided colitis or extensive colitis, MES 1 was significantly associated with a 3-fold increased risk of relapse compared with endoscopic MES 0. Our results support the use of endoscopic MES 0 as the most suitable treatment endpoint to define mucosal healing in patients with UC.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Integrated Tools for American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Surveillance and Control: Intervention in an Endemic Area in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is a focal disease whose surveillance and control require complex actions. The present study aimed to apply integrated tools related to entomological surveillance, environmental management, and health education practices in an ACL-endemic area in Rio de Janeiro city, RJ, Brazil. The distribution of the disease, the particular characteristics of the localities, and entomological data were used as additional information about ACL determinants. Environmental management actions were evaluated after health education practices. The frequency of ACL vectors Lutzomyia (N.) intermedia and L. migonei inside and outside houses varied according to environment characteristics, probably influenced by the way of life of the popular groups. In this kind of situation environmental management and community mobilization become essential, as they help both specialists and residents create strategies that can interfere in the dynamics of vector’s population and the contact between man and vectors

Ressecção endoscópica de extensa lesão condilomatosa uretral – relato de caso e revisão da literatura

Introdução: O Condiloma uretral é uma infecção sexualmente transmissível comum associada ao vírus do papiloma humano. O acometimento na uretra é raro, principalmente quando trata-se de um paciente HIV positivo com carga viral indetectável. Objetivo: Tem como objetivo discutir sobre o acometimento uretral do papiloma vírus e as possíveis formas de tratamento, assim como revisar a literatura. Relato de caso: O paciente em questão apresentou suspeita de carcinoma de células de transição, sendo encaminhado para tratamento, porém afastado essa suspeita e fechando diagnóstico para lesão condilomatosa uretral, sendo realizado tratamento por ressecção endoscópica das lesões com energia monopolar. Discussão: O acometimento uretral ocorre em até 5% dos casos, e o mesmo apresenta alta probabilidade de malignização. Não existem diretrizes específicas sobre o manejo do condiloma intra-uretral, pois trata-se de uma patologia rara. O objetivo dos tratamentos é remover as verrugas e induzir períodos livre de lesões, sendo que o conservador com crioterapia e o ácido tricloroacético nem sempre são aplicáveis à uretra devido ao difícil acesso. A ressecção endoscópica das lesões tem se mostrado mais eficaz. Conclusão: Urologistas e patologistas devem estar cientes dessa rara possibilidade, a fim de evitar erros de diagnóstico acerca dessa entidade predominantemente benigna. Desta forma apresentamos um caso de ressecção endoscópica de extensa lesão condilomatosa em uretra peniana de uma paciente masculino hemofílico e HIV positivo.Introduction: Urethral condyloma is a common sexually transmitted infection associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Affection in the urethra is rare, especially when dealing with an HIV-positive patient with an undetectable viral load. Objective: It aims to discuss the urethral involvement of the papillomavirus and the possible forms of treatment, as well as to review the literature. Case report: The patient in question presented suspicion of transitional cell carcinoma, being referred for treatment, but this suspicion was removed and the diagnosis of urethral condylomatous lesion was closed, with treatment by endoscopic resection of the lesions with monopolar energy. Discussion: Urethral involvement occurs in up to 5% of cases, and it has a high probability of malignancy. There are no specific guidelines on the management of intra-urethral condyloma, as it is a rare condition. The goal of treatments is to remove warts and induce injury-free periods, the conservative with cryotherapy and trichloroacetic acid not always being applicable to the urethra due to difficult access. Endoscopic resection of the lesions has been shown to be more effective. Conclusion: urologists and pathologists should be aware of this rare possibility to avoid diagnostic errors about this predominantly benign entity. Thus, we present a case of endoscopic resection of an extensive condylomatous lesion in the penile urethra of a male patient with hemophilia and HIV positive

Absenteeism-disease in university employees: a cross-sectional study of the reasons for leave from 2013 to 2018

The Server's Integrated Health Subsystem is used to register health treatment licenses in the Federal Public Service, enabling knowledge about absenteeism-illness. To subsidize health promotion actions, it is intended to know its motivating causes in a Federal Education Institution in Minas Gerais. A cross-sectional study on leave between 2013 and 2018 was carried out. The variables were: position, sex, number of days off and the motivating code of the leave. Descriptive and inferential analyzes were performed using Poisson Regression. The main motivations found were: musculoskeletal disorders, followed by mental health in the group of professors and respiratory disorders in the group of administrative technicians, among whom, technicians up to 50 years old are associated with sick leave due to respiratory tract disorders and civil servants over 50 years old for musculoskeletal reasons. There was no difference in age with regard to mental disorder in this group. The static ergonomic risk associated with respiratory and psychic outcomes, and the risk due to dynamic activities in the absence of musculoskeletal disorders. Based on the data presented, it is possible to propose measures for Health Policy, aimed at improving the environment and work process, minimizing its risks and protecting the health of the employee

Virtual chromoendoscopy in small bowel capsule endoscopy: new light or a cast of shadow?

AIM: To evaluate whether virtual chromoendoscopy can improve the delineation of small bowel lesions previously detected by conventional white light small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). METHODS: Retrospective single center study. One hundred lesions selected from forty-nine consecutive conventional white light SBCE (SBCE-WL) examinations were included. Lesions were reviewed at three Flexible Spectral Imaging Color Enhancement (FICE) settings and Blue Filter (BF) by two gastroenterologists with experience in SBCE, blinded to each other's findings, who ranked the quality of delineation as better, equivalent or worse than conventional SBCE-WL. Inter-observer percentage of agreement was determined and analyzed with Fleiss Kappa (κ) coefficient. Lesions selected for the study included angioectasias (n = 39), ulcers/erosions (n = 49) and villous edema/atrophy (n = 12). RESULTS: Overall, the delineation of lesions was improved in 77% of cases with FICE 1, 74% with FICE 2, 41% with FICE 3 and 39% with the BF, with a percentage of agreement between investigators of 89% (κ = 0.833), 85% (κ = 0.764), 66% (κ = 0.486) and 79% (κ = 0.593), respectively. FICE 1 improved the delineation of 97.4% of angioectasias, 63.3% of ulcers/erosions and 66.7% of villous edema/atrophy with a percentage of agreement of 97.4% (κ = 0.910), 81.6% (κ = 0.714) and 91.7% (κ = 0.815), respectively. FICE 2 improved the delineation of 97.4% of angioectasias, 57.1% of ulcers/erosions and 66.7% of villous edema/atrophy, with a percentage of agreement of 89.7% (κ = 0.802), 79,6% (κ = 0.703) and 91.7% (κ = 0.815), respectively. FICE 3 improved the delineation of 46.2% of angioectasias, 24.5% of ulcers/erosions and none of the cases of villous edema/atrophy, with a percentage of agreement of 53.8% [κ = not available (NA)], 75.5% (κ = NA) and 66.7% (κ = 0.304), respectively. The BF improved the delineation of 15.4% of angioectasias, 61.2% of ulcers/erosions and 25% of villous edema/atrophy, with a percentage of agreement of 76.9% (κ = 0.558), 81.6% (κ = 0.570) and 25.0% (κ = NA), respectively. CONCLUSION: Virtual chromoendoscopy can improve the delineation of angioectasias, ulcers/erosions and villous edema/atrophy detected by SBCE, with almost perfect interobserver agreement for FICE 1