ZTO Thin film transistor parameter extraction and modeling

Transistor models are of utmost importance for device behaviour prediction and circuit design. Physical modelling has the advantage of the parameters being correlated based on device physics. This allows to gain insight on the device during the analysis and extraction of parameters phase. However, the extraction methods may not consider possible non-idealities of the device, which can cause modelling issues when working with novel thin film transistors (TFTs). A simple physical DC and AC model was applied to a novel zinc tin oxide TFT annealed at low temperatures (200 ºC). The characteristic curves of four devices with different dimensions were measured and analysed, and the model parameters were extracted. The characterization and optimization of the models were implemented through the analysis of the fitting with the measured data. Two DC models were developed, the main difference being the contact resistance extraction - using the classic transmission-line method or a procedure based on MOSFETs with non-ideal behaviour that considers the possible bias dependency of the parameter. The latter method allowed to simulate the device characteristic curves more effectively. The AC model did not fit for frequencies above the cut-off and differed slightly for lower frequencies due to the simplicity of the model applied

The History of Henry IV : (surnamed "the Great") : king of France and Navarre

Tít. del lomo: Memoirs of king Henry IVDigitalización. Vitoria-Gasteiz : Archivos y Bibliotecas, Abril 199

Validation of Additive Manufacturing Process Trough Build Simulation

Producing parts trough Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes enables tremendous freedom in creating components with free-form and intricate features that would be impossible to manufacture through conventional methods. This freedom however does not come without its limits. Thus, when designing for AM (DfAM) one should consider, amongst which but not exclusively, variable wall thickness, deep channels, overhanging features, supports (position and support removal), lattices, as well as avoiding component distortion. Meanwhile the physics commanding these changes are hard to predict particularly in the micro-scale. To eliminate or minimize such problems solutions like build simulation have started to be looked at as a replacement for unwanted destructive tests. Finally, the materials used play a big role linking design and thermal stresses to feature behaviour. In this work a set of features was chosen to validate and conduct a sensitivity test on MS Simufact simulation software, so that future work in this area can be continued. The set of features chosen, were the diameters and roundness of three concentric rings. All the various inputs were analysed throughout this work and explained. Two materials were considered in the experiment, alloy Inconel 625 for the build powder with a stainless-steel build plate base. From the assumptions taken and software functions the first and main input to be studied was the voxel size. A relation between the simulated feature and the optimal voxel size is what is intended to be achieved. Simultaneously via Design of Experiments (DOE), other parameters were studied to assess their overall effect on result. The Simulation run results were compared with actual measured parts via a 3D optical measuring system

Identifying the underlying structure and dynamic interactions in a voting network

We analyse the structure and behaviour of a specific voting network using a dynamic structure-based methodology which draws on Q-Analysis and social network theory. Our empirical focus is on the Eurovision Song Contest over a period of 20 years. For a multicultural contest of this kind, one of the key questions is how the quality of a song is judged and how voting groups emerge. We investigate structures that may identify the winner based purely on the topology of the network. This provides a basic framework to identify what the characteristics associated with becoming a winner are, and may help to establish a homogenous criterion for subjective measures such as quality. Further, we measure the importance of voting cliques, and present a dynamic model based on a changing multidimensional measure of connectivity in order to reveal the formation of emerging community structure within the contest. Finally, we study the dynamic behaviour exhibited by the network in order to understand the clustering of voting preferences and the relationship between local and global properties.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Physica

Purchase of infantry guns, 1750-1850:A study on defense procurement processes

Defensieaanschafprocessen zijn, zeker als het wapensystemen betreft, complex, langdurig en kostbaar en vertonen bovendien een herhaling van zetten, zoals terugkerende klachten over uit de hand lopende kosten of de uiteindelijke keuze. Nu een goede theorie over defensieacquisitie vooralsnog ontbreekt, kan historisch onderzoek uitkomst bieden bij het zoeken naar een verklaring hiervoor en een bijdrage leveren tot theorievorming.Deze historische casestudy over de aankoop van infanteriegeweren in de politiek-turbulente en technologisch dynamische periode 1750-1850 geeft daartoe een aanzet en laat aan de hand van details zien hoe defensieaanschafprocessen werken en of doelstellingen werden bereikt. Tevens geeft deze studie een inkijk in de werking van de defensieorganisatie en meer inzicht over defensieaanschaf in het algemeen alsmede in de specifieke problematiek waarmee de defensieorganisatie ook vandaag de dag worstelt.Daarnaast verdiept ze onze kennis over de bestudeerde periode zelf. Er wordt antwoord gegeven op de vraag hoe het leger aan geweren kwam, die gebruikte en onderhield, waardoor meer gezegd kan worden over hoe het kwalitatief en kwantitatief met de bewapening was gesteld. Bovendien wordt een beeld gegeven van de geweermakerij als bedrijfstak alsmede van de wisselwerking tussen de defensieorganisatie en het bedrijfsleven. Daarbij wordt zowel de Culemborgse geweerfabriek als die van de ondernemer Petrus Regout in een geheel ander licht gesteld dan tot nu toe en duidelijk dat de Maastrichtse wapenindustrie in de negentiende eeuw een andere ontstaansgeschiedenis had dan werd aangenomen

Long-term effects of sports concussion

Questions : Cette thèse visait à répondre à deux questions fondamentales : 1) Est-ce que les athlètes qui présentent un historique de commotions cérébrales du sport en conservent des effets délétères à long terme? ; et 2) Est-ce que les effets néfastes des commotions cérébrales récurrentes sur le fonctionnement tant cognitif que moteur sont cumulatifs? Devis expérimental : À l’aide d’un plan d’investigation double-cohorte réalisé avec un groupe d’athlètes évoluant au niveau universitaire et un autre formé d’anciens athlètes universitaires testés plus de trois décennies plus tard, les quatre études qui composent cette thèse ont employé des méthodes raffinées d’investigation des fonctions cognitives et motrices pour en déceler des atteintes persistantes. Méthodologie : Les potentiels évoqués cognitifs ainsi que les tests neuropsychologiques ont permis de sonder le fonctionnement cognitif de ces athlètes alors que la stimulation magnétique transcrânienne, une plateforme de force permettant de mesurer la stabilité posturale ainsi qu’un système d’enregistrement tridimensionnel des mouvements rapides alternatifs ont servi à l’évaluation de l’intégrité du système moteur. Résultats : Cette thèse a permis de déceler des altérations persistentes et cumulatives des fonctions cognitives et motrices. De plus, ces subtiles atteintes observées chez les jeunes athlètes, affectant essentiellement des marqueurs neurophysiologiques sous-cliniques du fonctionnement cognitif et moteur, s’étaient accentuées chez les anciens athlètes universitaires qui montraient un déclin quantifiable tant des fonctions cognitives que motrices. Discussion : Ces résultats suggèrent d’une part que les commotions cérébrales du sport entraînent des altérations cognitives et motrices chroniques qui s’accentuent en fonction du nombre de commotions cérébrales subies. D’autre part, les effets délétères des commotions cérébrales du sport sur le fonctionnement cognitif et moteur combinés à ceux associés au processus de vieillissement entraînent un déclin cognitif et moteur quantifiable en comparaison aux anciens athlètes n’ayant jamais subi de commotions cérébrales.Question: This thesis aimed to address two fundamental issues: 1) Are there long-lasting effects of sports-related concussion on cognitive and motor functions? and 2) Are the adverse effects of recurrent concussions cumulative? Experimental Design: The cross-sectional thesis design included a group of active university-level athletes as well as a group of former athletes recruited more than three decades after their university years who were tested on neurophysiological measures of both cognitive and motor system functions. Methods: Event-Related potentials and neuropsychological tests were used to assess cognitive functions while transcranial magnetic paradigms were used to assess motor cortex excitability, a force platform was used to assess postural stability and a 3-dimensional recording device was used to track hand position when performing a rapid alternating movement task. Results: This thesis disclosed persistent and cumulative alterations of both cognitive and motor functions after sports concussions. Furthermore, subclinical, neurophysiological alterations found in young concussed athletes were exacerbated in former athletes with concussions who displayed quantifiable cognitive and motor functions decline more than three decades post-concussion. Discussion: These results suggest that sports concussions induce cognitive and motor functions abnormalities that worsen as a function of the number of concussions sustained. Moreover, findings from the present thesis indicate that the deleterious effects of sports concussion on cognitive and motor system functions combined to those associated with the aging process lead to quantifiable decline on both cognition and motor functions

Les barrières autistiques en art-thérapie : étude de cas explorant l'expression des mécanismes relationnels et défensifs autistiques en art thérapie

This research is the observation of autistic barriers presented in art-therapy with two patients who suffer from diverse somatization problems. This is a case study, in which psychoanalytical epistemology is theoretically supported by several modern theories of the primitive development of self and object relations, notably 'autistic barriers' by Frances Tustin (1990) and 'autistic-contiguous position' by Thomas Ogden (1989). In this research, it is proposed that fibromyalgia and self mutilation, in the cases studied, are primitive autistic defense mechanisms, like the ones described by Tustin. Ogden's theory, on the other hand, permits one to theoretically position the persistence of these autistic defense phenomena in people suffering from diverse somatization problems. Ogden introduces, within the post-kleinian theory, a first position, one of object relations, named "the autistic-contiguous" position as well as a conceptual dialectic of the functioning psyche. The autistic-contiguous position is conceived as the primitive and sensory background of the paranoid-schizoid position. This research will also attempt to describe and distinguish autistic-contiguous (Ogden) and paranoid-schizoid (Klein) positions. Two clinical cases will be presented, offering signs of the presence of autistic defensive mechanisms throughout the study. The conclusions of this study will permit art-therapy to be seen as a therapy of choice, capable of transforming asymbolic experiences to symbolic ones

Electrophysiological impact of multiple concussions in asymptomatic athletes: a re-analysis based on alpha activity during a visual-spatial attention task

Most EEG studies used event-related potentials to assess long-term and cumulative effects of sport-related concussions on brain activity. Time-frequency methods provide another approach that allows the detection of subtle shifts in types and patterns of brain oscillations. We sought to discover whether event-related alpha activity would be significantly affected in asymptomatic multi-concussed athletes. We measured the amplitude of alpha activity (8–12 Hz) from the EEG recorded during a visual-spatial attention task to compare event-related alpha perturbations in 13 multi-concussed athletes and 14 age-equivalent, non-concussed teammates. Relative to non-concussed athletes, multi-concussed athletes showed significantly less event-related perturbations time-locked to stimulus presentation. Alpha activity alterations were closely related to the number of concussions sustained. Event-related alpha activity differed in asymptomatic multi-concussed athletes when compared to controls. Our study suggests that low-level neurophysiological underpinnings of the deployment of visual-spatial attention are affected in multi-concussed athletes even though their last concussion occurred on average 30 months prior to testing