Relationship of Biological Maturation with Muscle Power in Young Female Athletes

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(6): 696-706, 2021. There is still no consensus on how biological maturation (BM) affects the muscle power of upper and lower limbs in young people. The objective was to verify associations between BM and muscle power, as well as to compare the muscle power of upper (ULP) and lower limbs (LLP) among young athletes in different stages of BM. The sample consisted of 79 female athletes (10.9 ± 1.11 years old). Regarding BM, the sample was divided into three groups: delayed BM, synchronized BM, and accelerated BM. BM was identified by subtracting chronological age from bone age (BA). BA was measured by a mathematical model based on anthropometry. The muscular power of the upper limbs was analyzed by the medicine ball launch test, and that of the lower limbs was analyzed by the countermovement jump on a force platform. BM and BA correlated with ULP (BA: r =0.74; BM: r =0.65) and LLP (BA: r = 0.50; BM: r =0.41). In the comparisons of the tests of ULP and LLP, the groups with synchronized and accelerated BM were superior to the group with delayed BM. The advance of BM is associated with the ULP and LLP, as well as the advance of the BM affects muscle power in young female athletes. This occurs due to the increase in body mass resulting from the advancement of BM, which may favor the predominance of lean body mass, assisting in the production of muscle strength

Querubismo: revisão de literatura

This review aimed at reporting on cherubism, a hereditary form of benign fibro-osseous lesion thought to be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with a great deal of variability in its expression. Bone lesions begin in early childhood as multiple litic areas of characteristic expansile slow-growing development that lead to severe facial deformity. As the patient reaches puberty the lesions stabilize but the disfigured appearance (characteristic cherubistic facies) jeopardizes the patient's social relationship. Considering the critical role played by image-based examinations where pathological anatomy is inconclusive, we have proposed, as part of the diagnostic approach, taking first the panoramic radiograph and finally the CT as definitive examination. The appropriateness of including the craniofacial fibrous dysplasia in the differential diagnosis is discussed, with emphasis on the clinical and image differences between the conditions.O querubismo é um distúrbio genético que exibe um padrão de hereditariedade autossômica dominante. Sua manifestação ocorre na infância, com múltiplas lesões osteolíticas que resultam em assimetrias faciais grotescas, comprometedoras da integração social de seus portadores. Diferentemente da maior parte das patologias, as análises histológicas das lesões do querubismo são inconclusivas e seu diagnóstico depende do papel decisivo dos exames por imagem. Pretendemos abordar, em caráter revisional, as peculiaridades clínicas, radiográficas e histológicas do querubismo, bem como propor um protocolo de diagnóstico por imagem, com o objetivo de agregar subsídios à conduta diagnóstica a ser adotada. A pertinácia da inclusão da displasia fibrosa crânio-facial no diagnóstico diferencial é discutida, realçando-se as diferenças clínico-imagenológicas entre as condições

Covid-19: Repercussions on the mental health of higher education students

Este artigo teve como objetivo avaliar as repercussões da Covid-19 e do isolamento social na saúde mental de estudantes do ensino superior no Ceará, Brasil. A amostra foi composta por 3.691 alunos do ensino superior participando de aulas on-line no período de junho a setembro de 2020, que responderam a dois instrumentos: um questionário sociodemográfico e situacional referente à pandemia/isolamento social e o Inventário de Saúde Mental. Os resultados mostraram que 21,2% dos alunos tiveram suas atividades canceladas, sem expectativa de retorno. A maioria, 77,2%, relatou preocupação com a morte de parentes e conhecidos pela Covid-19. O estado geral de saúde mental médio, medido pelo inventário, foi de 48,8. Esse resultado sugere que os alunos tiveram sua saúde mental afetada pelas condições impostas pela pandemia. Assim, as instituições de ensino devem promover estratégias para proteger a saúde mental da comunidade estudantil.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

COVID-19 e isolamento social: as implicações na saúde mental de estudantes de enfermagem

Objetivo: avaliar as repercussões da COVID-19 e do isolamento social durante a pandemia na saúde mental de estudantes de graduação em enfermagem. Métodos: estudo descritivo transversal, realizado no Ceará, Brasil, com 347 estudantes. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário para obtenção de dados sociodemográficas e informações sobre aspectos relacionados à pandemia, além do Inventário de Saúde Mental-38 (MHI-38). Resultados: percentual de 51,9% dos estudantes continuaram a graduação por meio de atividades de ensino remoto e avaliações on-line e 62,3% acessavam a internet essencialmente pelo celular. Para 76,9% dos estudantes, a maior preocupação era com a morte de um membro da família/amigo. Quanto à saúde mental dos estudantes, os escores na dimensão de Bem-estar Psicológico do MHI-38 foram em média 47,9 (± 16,8) e na dimensão de Sofrimento Psicológico a média foi 52,8 (± 18,5). A média de pontuação global no MHI-38 foi 51,0 (± 16,9), com diferenças entre os sexos (p = 0,039). Conclusão: os estudantes tiveram a saúde mental afetada pela pandemia de COVID-19 e o isolamento social, com maior impacto para as mulheres. Assim, instituições de ensino precisam desenvolver estratégias para monitorar e promover a saúde mental desta população no retorno às aulas no período pós-pandemia

Discrimination and quality of life of brazilian female immigrants in Portugal

The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of discrimination perception in the quality of life and mental and physical health of Brazilian women living in Portugal, drawing on a descriptive research with a quantitative approach, with 682 female immigrants. Data collection was carried out in two modalities: online, using the LimeSurvey Platform; and presential, conducted at the Associação Mais Brasil [Association More Brazil] and at the Consulate-General of Brazil in Porto and Lisbon, with the application of the Perception of Discrimination Scale and the Medical Outcomes Study 36 – Item Short – Form Health Survey (SF -36). A significant negative correlation was observed between most SF-36 items and the Perception of Discrimination Scale, demonstrating an inversely proportional relation when respondents reporting a higher level of discrimination presented a lower quality of life. Results demonstrate the presence of a strong perception of discrimination, turning it into one of the greatest problems faced by immigrants. Among the most significantly affected dimensions, the following aspects stand out: emotional, pain, overall health status, vitality, social aspects, perception of discrimination, and health changes through time. The exception lies in the functional capacity dimension, which does not present a significant relation with the Perception of Discrimination Scale. The outcomes highlight the negative impact of perceived discrimination on the quality of life dimensions, engendering harmful effects, as well as on physical and mental health. The study points out the need to create public policies that seek to receive, include and integrate female immigrants, guaranteeing their rights and providing information on their duties, in order to reduce discrimination and improve the quality of life and health of this population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of Resistance Training on Oxidative Stress Markers and Muscle Damage in Spinal Cord Injured Rats

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a condition that affects the central nervous system, is characterized by motor and sensory impairments, and impacts individuals’ lives. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of resistance training on oxidative stress and muscle damage in spinal cord injured rats. Methodology: Forty Wistar rats were selected and divided equally into five groups: Healthy Control (CON), Sham (SHAM) SCI Untrained group (SCI-U), SCI Trained group (SCI- T), SCI Active Trained group (SCI- AT). Animals in the trained groups were submitted to an incomplete SCI at T9. Thereafter, they performed a protocol of resistance training for four weeks. Results: Significant differences in muscle damage markers and oxidative stress in the trained groups, mainly in SCI- AT, were found. On the other hand, SCI- U group presented higher levels of oxidative stress and biomarkers of LDH and AST. Conclusion: The results highlight that resistance training promoted a decrease in oxidative stress and a significative response in muscle damage markers. Keywords: spinal cord injury; resistance training; oxidative stress; muscle damag

Contribuição da maturação biológica para a potência de membros inferiores em atletas adolescentes de futebol: um estudo transversal

Introdução: Sabe-se que em diversos casos a Idade Cronológica não condiz com a Idade Biológica (IB), e que no processo de Seleção de Talentos Esportivos quanto mais avançada a IB, mais vantagens em relação ao desempenho neuromuscular dos atletas devido ao aprimoramento do sistema musculoesquelético. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a correlação entre a IB e a potência muscular de membros inferiores em atletas de futebol.  Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra de dezesseis atletas do sexo masculino (idade: 13,35±0,90) onde foram submetidos a uma avaliação antropométrica e um teste de salto vertical contramovimento. Os dados antropométricos foram utilizados para estimar a idade esquelética, enquanto o teste de salto vertical foi utilizado para avaliar a potência de MMII. Resultados: O estudo apontou Correlação Positiva entre a IB e a Potência de Membros Inferiores (r:0,675; CI 95%:0,269; 0,877; p=0,004) identificando que o avanço da IB contribuiu em 45% (contribuição média) para a Potência dos Membros Inferiores (r2: 0,455; F(1.0):11,7; β: 1,83; CI 95% β: 0,68; 2,98; p=0,004). Discussão: Os resultados sugerem que quanto mais avançada a maturação biológica, maior será a potência muscular de membros inferiores em jovens atletas de futebol, contribuindo em 45% para sua performance. Conclusão: Sendo assim, o avançar da Idade Biológica está positivamente relacionado com o desempenho da potência de membros inferiores em atletas de futebol do sexo masculino. Desta forma, sugere-se que atletas com IB avançada possuem maior nível de potência muscular em relação aos seus pares em estágios de IB atrasado ou sincronizado

Influence of violence on the mental health of brazilian immigrant women in Portugal

This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of violence against Brazilian immigrant women in Portugal since their arrival, and the consequences of this in their experience, specifically in health, perception of discrimination and loneliness. The sample comprised 682 Brazilian women, migrants, over 18 years old, living in Portugal for more than three months. Data collection was carried out online, through the Limasurvey Platform, and in person at the Brazilian General Consulate in Porto and Lisbon, at More Association (Associação Mais), in which the Discrimination Perceptions, Loneliness (ULS-6) and Mental Health Problems Scales were applied. The results suggest that Brazilian women who have been subjected to violence in Portugal have a worse perception of their health, a greater perception of discrimination, a higher level of loneliness and more mental problems. The study also shows that: the length of stay in Portugal is significantly associated with having been subjected to violence; there is a greater proportion of single women (31.5%) who have been subjected to violence; there is a marginally significant association with whom the immigrants live [χ2 (1, 671) = 2.86, p = 0.09]. Immigrants have some vulnerabilities in the host country, since violence has an adverse effect on their physical and mental health. It is believed to be crucial to create a policy of strengthening the citizen and collective conscience of these immigrant women.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Are sEMG, velocity and power influenced by athletes’ fixation in paralympic powerlifting?

The bench press is performed in parapowerlifting with the back, shoulders, buttocks, legs and heels extended over the bench, and the use of straps to secure the athlete to the bench is optional. Thus, the study evaluated muscle activation, surface electromyography (sEMG), maximum velocity (MaxV) and mean propulsive velocity (MPV), and power in paralympic powerlifting athletes under conditions tied or untied to the bench. Fifteen experienced Paralympic powerlifting male athletes (22.27 10.30years, 78.5 21.6kg)tookpartintheresearch. The sEMGmeasurementwasperformed in the sternal portion of the pectoralis major (PMES), anterior deltoid (AD), long head of the triceps brachii (TRI) and clavicular portion of the pectoralis major (PMCL). The MaxV, MPV and power were evaluated using an encoder. Loads of 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% 1RM were analyzed under untied and tied conditions. No differences were found in muscle activation between the tied and untied conditions; however, sEMG showed differences in the untied condition between AD and TRI (F (3112) = 4.484; p = 0.005) in the 100% 1RM load, between PMCL and AD (F (3112) = 3.743; p = 0.013) in 60%1RMloadandinthetied condition, between the PMES and the AD (F (3112) = 4.067; p = 0.009). There were differences in MaxV (F (3112) = 213.3; p < 0.001), and MPV (F (3112) = 248.2; p < 0.001), between all loads in the tied and untied condition. In power, the load of 100% 1RM differed from all other relative loads (F (3112) = 36.54; p < 0.001) in both conditions. The tied condition seems to favor muscle activation, sEMG, and velocity over the untied condition.9E1A-F9DD-3EB8 | Filipe Manuel ClementeN/