AVALIAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO E COMPROMISSO ORGANIZACIONAL: A PERSPECTIVA DA JUSTIÇA ORGANIZACIONAL

The intention of the present article is to show the importance of justice in the context of performance appraisals, in order to increase commitment to the organization. In light of this purpose, a review of the literature was conducted regarding the subjects under analysis: performance appraisal, organizational justice and organizational commitment. Measurement instruments (questionnaires) were then elaborated and validated and applied to two Portuguese banks. The results of multiple regression analyses led us to conclude that organizational commitment is influenced by all the dimensions of organizational justice. This result indicates that managers should be aware of the importance of conducting performance appraisals that are perceived by the employees of the organization to be just, in order to have a working team that is supportive, cooperative and willing to make every effort in order to accomplish the objectives of the organization. Keywords: Performance appraisal. Organizational commitment. Distributive justice. Procedural justice. Interpersonal justice. Informational justice.O presente artigo visa dar um contributo para uma maior compreensão da importância de se considerar a temática da justiça organizacional na concepção e implementação de sistemas de avaliação de desempenho, com o intuito de se fomentar o compromisso dos trabalhadores. Para o efeito efectuou-se uma revisão da literatura existente sobre estas três temáticas: avaliação de desempenho, justiça organizacional e compromisso organizacional. Seguidamente foram apresentados dois casos práticos referentes a duas instituições bancárias portugueses. Procedeu-se, inicialmente, à elaboração e validação dos instrumentos de medida da variável dependente (compromisso organizacional) e das quatro variáveis independentes (dimensões de justiça organizacional). Os resultados das análises de regressão múltipla revelam que o compromisso organizacional é influenciado por qualquer das quatro dimensões de justiça. Estes resultados evidenciam que é fundamental que os gestores estejam conscientes da importância de se conduzirem avaliações de desempenho percepcionadas como justas pelos empregados, por forma a terem colaboradores que estejam motivados e empenhados em desenvolver todos os esforços para atingir os objectivos da organização. Palavras-chave: Avaliação de desempenho. Compromisso organizacional. Justiça distributiva. Justiça procedimental. Justiça interpessoal. Justiça informacional

Thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications of COVID-19 in adults hospitalized in high-income countries compared with those in adults hospitalized in low- and middle-income countries in an international registry

Background: COVID-19 has been associated with a broad range of thromboembolic, ischemic, and hemorrhagic complications (coagulopathy complications). Most studies have focused on patients with severe disease from high-income countries (HICs). Objectives: The main aims were to compare the frequency of coagulopathy complications in developing countries (low- and middle-income countries [LMICs]) with those in HICs, delineate the frequency across a range of treatment levels, and determine associations with in-hospital mortality. Methods: Adult patients enrolled in an observational, multinational registry, the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections COVID-19 study, between January 1, 2020, and September 15, 2021, met inclusion criteria, including admission to a hospital for laboratory-confirmed, acute COVID-19 and data on complications and survival. The advanced-treatment cohort received care, such as admission to the intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, or inotropes or vasopressors; the basic-treatment cohort did not receive any of these interventions. Results: The study population included 495,682 patients from 52 countries, with 63% from LMICs and 85% in the basic treatment cohort. The frequency of coagulopathy complications was higher in HICs (0.76%-3.4%) than in LMICs (0.09%-1.22%). Complications were more frequent in the advanced-treatment cohort than in the basic-treatment cohort. Coagulopathy complications were associated with increased in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.52-1.64). The increased mortality associated with these complications was higher in LMICs (58.5%) than in HICs (35.4%). After controlling for coagulopathy complications, treatment intensity, and multiple other factors, the mortality was higher among patients in LMICs than among patients in HICs (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.39-1.51). Conclusion: In a large, international registry of patients hospitalized for COVID-19, coagulopathy complications were more frequent in HICs than in LMICs (developing countries). Increased mortality associated with coagulopathy complications was of a greater magnitude among patients in LMICs. Additional research is needed regarding timely diagnosis of and intervention for coagulation derangements associated with COVID-19, particularly for limited-resource settings

Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Background: We describe demographic features, treatments and clinical outcomes in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 cohort, one of the world's largest international, standardized data sets concerning hospitalized patients. Methods: The data set analysed includes COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 2020 and January 2022 in 52 countries. We investigated how symptoms on admission, co-morbidities, risk factors and treatments varied by age, sex and other characteristics. We used Cox regression models to investigate associations between demographics, symptoms, co-morbidities and other factors with risk of death, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Results: Data were available for 689 572 patients with laboratory-confirmed (91.1%) or clinically diagnosed (8.9%) SARS-CoV-2 infection from 52 countries. Age [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 years 1.49 (95% CI 1.48, 1.49)] and male sex [1.23 (1.21, 1.24)] were associated with a higher risk of death. Rates of admission to an ICU and use of IMV increased with age up to age 60 years then dropped. Symptoms, co-morbidities and treatments varied by age and had varied associations with clinical outcomes. The case-fatality ratio varied by country partly due to differences in the clinical characteristics of recruited patients and was on average 21.5%. Conclusions: Age was the strongest determinant of risk of death, with a ∼30-fold difference between the oldest and youngest groups; each of the co-morbidities included was associated with up to an almost 2-fold increase in risk. Smoking and obesity were also associated with a higher risk of death. The size of our international database and the standardized data collection method make this study a comprehensive international description of COVID-19 clinical features. Our findings may inform strategies that involve prioritization of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who have a higher risk of death

The value of open-source clinical science in pandemic response: lessons from ISARIC

International audienc

ISARIC-COVID-19 dataset: A Prospective, Standardized, Global Dataset of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 dataset is one of the largest international databases of prospectively collected clinical data on people hospitalized with COVID-19. This dataset was compiled during the COVID-19 pandemic by a network of hospitals that collect data using the ISARIC-World Health Organization Clinical Characterization Protocol and data tools. The database includes data from more than 705,000 patients, collected in more than 60 countries and 1,500 centres worldwide. Patient data are available from acute hospital admissions with COVID-19 and outpatient follow-ups. The data include signs and symptoms, pre-existing comorbidities, vital signs, chronic and acute treatments, complications, dates of hospitalization and discharge, mortality, viral strains, vaccination status, and other data. Here, we present the dataset characteristics, explain its architecture and how to gain access, and provide tools to facilitate its use