Aerodynamics of a swirling fluidized bed

Swirling Fluidized Bed (SFB) is one of the fluidized bed systems that have potential to be widely used in the mineral processing, power generation and chemical industries. By using an annular bed and inclined injection of gas through the distributor in SFB it will archive a high performance in fluidization. A numerical simulation Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and experimental work with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) has been used to investigate physical parameters that influence the type of plenum chamber, the distributor pressure drop and the uniformity of tangential velocity distribution. The study focused on the 60 blades distributor whereby the effect of two horizontal inclinations (12° and 15°) and tangential entry plenum chamber (single, double and triple). Three velocities component were analyzed; tangential velocity, radial velocity and axial velocity. In actual industrial applications, the axial velocity will create fluidization while the tangential velocity provides swirling effect. The presence of radial velocity can be explained as a consequence of centrifugal force generated by the swirling gas. The tangential velocity is the major velocity component in this study and it represents the velocity of the swirling air in the annular region of the bed. The uniformity of tangential velocity distribution and pressure drop is set as performance criteria and has been analyzed with statistical method; mean value, standard deviation & root mean square of difference (RMSD). The most significant finding in simulation configuration is the pressure drop of the distributor blade increased when a triple tangential entry plenum chamber along with horizontal inclination 15° has been applied which then create high tangential velocity. Only parameter for double tangential entry plenum chamber consists with horizontal inclination, 12° has been selected to validate with the PIV result. Comparison of the simulation result (CFD) and experimental data (PIV) are presented, and it is confirmed that good agreement is obtained

Numerical study of circle fractal grid perforated plate as a turbulent generator in combustion chamber

Fractal grids can be used to design turbulent flows with low power losses and high turbulence intensities for intense yet economic mixing over a region of designed length and location. The introducing circle grid perforated plate is the main aim of this present paper. In this numerical work, we want to ascertain a new approach in turbulence generators on the structure of premixes flames using perforated plate fractal-grids pattern. In this paper, we compared circle grid perforated plate by varies using its diameters, spacing and number of holes on the plate. The result showed good perceptivity of the fractal generated turbulence and the fractal flow physics. The turbulent intensity can be increased by a grid with higher blockage ratio

Open Reduction of the Isolated Anterior Frontal Sinus Fracture

AbstractThe anterior wall of the frontal sinus is extremely resilient to injury. Incidents involving high-velocity impact, such as motor vehicle accidents, gunshots and sports injuries, may result in frontal sinus fractures. Clinical symptoms are associated with location and the severity. The best way to diagnose with a combination of clinical examination and CT scan. The management is mostly based on open reduction and internal fixation. The objectives was the importance of doing right management in patients with frontal sinus fracture. Reported a case of maxillofacial multiple fractures (right frontal fracture + right maxilla fracture) in a 28-year-old man, performed open reduction and internal fixation. Frontal sinus fracture is a fracture generally occurs due to traffic accidents. Anamnese of patient complaints and symptoms, physical examination and 3D CT scan can help make the diagnosis, and surgeons should give attention to the management criteria to prevent complication.

Industrial Process Water Treatment By Adsorption

Activated carbon was modified with sodium acetate at concentration of 10% and 15 % and used in fixed-bed column to study the adsorption of copper ions. Synthetic wastewater containing 258mg/l of copper was passed through plain activated carbon and modified activated carbon. Plain activated carbon was able to adsorb 20mg of Cu and activated carbon modified by treatment of 10% sodium acetate adsorbed 33mg of Cu. The highest adsorption capacity was found for the activated carbon modified by the treatment with 15% of sodium acetate, which adsorbed 45 mg of Cu; i.e 2.2 time as much as the polain activated carbon. After regeneration with MaOH, the activated carbon modified by the treatment with 15% sodium acetate was able to adsorb 60 mg of Cu; i.e three times as much as plain activated carbon

Implementation of dust control system using management and planning tools (MPT)

This report basically discusses the progress research done and basic understanding of the chosen topic, which is Multitask Anti-Dust Cleaner. The objective of this project is to introduce a new method in cleaning the SMT facilities especially in electronic production line

Rekonstruksi Lantai Orbita dan Dinding Anterior Maksila pada Blow Out Fracture Terbuka Tidak Murni Menggunakan Titanium Mesh Plate

Blow out fracture merupakan fraktur yang melibatkan dinding orbita terutama dinding medial dan atau lantai orbita yang disebabkan dari peningkatan tekanan intraorbita mendadak. Blow out fracture merupakan fraktur orbita yang paling sering terjadi akibat jatuh, perkelahian, kecelakaan lalu lintas atau cedera olahraga. Tanda dan gejala yang dapat muncul karena blow out fracture adalah enoftalmos, diplopia, dan gangguan gerak bola mata. Diagnosis blow out frakture ditegakkan dari anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan computerized tomography scanning. Tindakan bedah rekonstruksi menggunakan implan dilakukan jika didapatkan adanya herniasi volume isi bola mata, fraktur lantai orbita >1 cm,  muscle entrapment, diplopia, enoftalmus dan keterbatasan gerakan bola mata. Dilaporkan satu kasus fraktur blow out dekstra yang ditatalaksana rekonstruksi dengan menggunakan titanium mesh plate dan screws melalui pendekatan insisi luka infra orbita. Fraktur ini terjadi akibat benturan objek dari luar yang mengenai orbita atau rim orbita yang mengakibatkan peningkatan tekanan intraorbita. Tekanan intraorbita mendorong organ intraorbita ke sekelilingnya termasuk ke lantai orbita yang rapuh sehingga terjadi herniasi ke inferior.Kata kunci: blow out fracture, fraktur orbita, mesh titanium, trauma fasia

STUDI PENELITIAN KUAT TEKAN BETON MENGGUNAKAN SERABUT KELAPA SAWIT DAN KAWAT IKAT

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beton dengan tambahan serat (serabut kelapa sawit dan kawat ikat) terhadap kuat tekan beton normal (0%), menggunakan metode eksperimen. Dengan bahan-bahan penyusun beton diantaranya yaitu kerikil, pasir kasar, pasir halus, air, semen andalas (porlant komposit type III), kawat ikat dan serabut kelapa sawit (yang berasal dari PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan). Benda uji dibuat berbentuk kubus (15 × 15 × 15 cm) dengan FAS 0,45. Variasi penambahan serat sebanyak 2% (serabut kelapa sawit) + 4% (kawat ikat) dan 6% (serabut kelapa sawit) + 4% (kawat ikat) dari berat semen. Pengujian kuat tekan dilaksanakan di laboratorium milik PT. Espe Makmur Beton untuk benda uji umur 7 hari (berjumlah 9 sampel benda uji) dan umur 28 hari (berjumlah 9 sampel benda uji) menggunakan mesin uji tekan beton (merek Indotest). Berdasarkan pengujian didapatkan hasil kuat tekan rata-rata untuk beton normal (0%) sebesar 16,67 Mpa. Serta untuk beton dengan tambahan serat variasi 2% (serabut kelapa sawit) + 4% (kawat ikat) didapatkan hasil kuat tekannya sebesar 9,70 Mpa terjadi penurunan sebesar 41,81% terhadap kuat tekan beton normal (0%) dan 6% (serabut kelapa sawit) + 4% (kawat ikat) didapatkan hasil kuat tekannya sebesar 4,96 Mpa terjadi penurunan sebesar 70,25% terhadap kuat tekan beton normal (0%). Maka dengan penambahan serabut kelapa sawit dan kawat berdampak negatif terhadap kuat tekan beton

Exploring the Nature of Human Resource Management Practices at Family Businesses in Palestine

This article provides substantial and current information on HRM knowledge and practices in Palestine and particularly explore the nature of HRM practices at family businesses within Palestinian context.The population consisted of all Palestinian family businesses employ 50 employees and above. Data was collected by means of a written questionnaire sent to all Palestinian family firms.Questionnaires were distributed and interviews were conducted with managers including HR managers. Findings show that family firms are far away from applying HRM practices and some family firms apply it partially and sporadically. The study leads to a better understanding of family firms in Palestine.Recommendations to the owners and managers of family businesses to change the attitudes and values of family firm’s management staff through organization development sessions and techniques to devote more effort for human resources by applying human resource management practices.Key words: Human resource management practices; Family businesse

Hierarchical self organizing map and focusing inspection strategy for mobile robot novelty detection

Novelty detection is a process of recognizing changes based on learned knowledge. In this research, a novelty detection system was implemented on a mobile robot with an array of sonar sensors for surveillance application. In order to perform novelty detection, a map that stores normal information with respect to any particular robot pose in an environment is required. The map is needed to detect changes and determine the position of novel event. The challenges of mobile novelty detection system are that the false positive rate is usually high whereas the true positive rate is usually low due to mapping and monitoring problems. During mapping, errors due to robot localization and sensor measurement can reduce the quality of the map built. However, available methods in mapping assume perfect localization, hence error in localization is not taken into account in the process of mapping. During monitoring, inspection interval that is too small will consume a lot of time and energy but if the interval is too big, novelty could be missed, hence lower the true positive detection. On top of that, low true positive detection is also caused by the low reliability of sonar sensor measurement. Thus, the objective of this thesis is to utilize mobile novelty detection system by developing a mapping and monitoring strategy that has low false positive detection, high true positive detection and able to estimate the position of a novelty. This thesis proposed two methods regarding to mapping and monitoring process; a hierarchical Self Organizing Map (SOM) and a Focusing Inspection Strategy (FIS). Unlike other mapping methods, hierarchical SOM also consider localization error when associating the normal information with respect to the robot pose. FIS is a multi resolution monitoring strategy which works by changing the frequency of measurement depending on the detection of anomaly. In this thesis, two models were considered; a step (FS) and linear (FL) resolution models. The hierarchical SOM was validated by using simulation and experimentation of the inspection in environment with normal and novel event. False positive rate is measured to determine the map performance. The results show that hierarchical SOM is able to map the normal condition of the environment very well. The inspection results show the false positive rate occurred less than 0.1 at the higher sensitivity setting of 0.9 in either normal or novel condition. The performance of FIS was investigated by using experimentation of the inspection of novel objects of different sizes. The results show that by changing the frequency of measurement using the FS and FL models, the number of true positive detection increases up to 80% when compared to inspection with fix measurement frequency. FIS also reduced the error of position estimation by about 8.8% and 10.9% each for FS and FL and maintained the false positive rate lower than 0.1

Compensation in the Termination of Agreement Due to Breach of Contract

In the execution of an agreement, there are cases where parties are unable to fulfil their rights and obligations as agreed, resulting in a breach of contract, known as "wanprestasi" in Indonesian law. Breach of contract can be a cause for terminating the agreement, as stipulated in Article 1266 of the Civil Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata). The termination of an agreement due to a breach of contract has legal consequences, and the parties involved can claim their rights resulting from the cancellation, including the right to seek compensation for the losses suffered. This research aims to examine the compensation for the termination of an agreement due to a breach of contract. This research was a doctrinal law research based on a literature study. The approach method used in this research was the statute approach. In cases where an agreement is terminated due to breach of contract, the aggrieved party can file a claim for compensation, which includes costs (konsten), losses (schaden), and interest (interessen). However, the aggrieved party cannot claim compensation if the breach of contract occurred due to force majeure or unforeseen circumstances