Analisis aktivitas fisik, adiksi bermain game online dan status gizi siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 4 dan 18 kota Pontianak

Analysis of physical activity, online gaming addiction, and nutritional status of students at Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 4 and 18 in Pontianak City Adolescent obesity is increasing in line with low physical activity levels and the high prevalence of online gaming. A sedentary lifestyle, such as excessive gaming, may reduce physical activity and negatively affect nutritional status. Objective: To determine the correlation between physical activity and online gaming with nutritional status among students at the junior high schools Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 4 and 18 in Pontianak city. Methods: This research was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 190 students selected using purposive sampling. Physical activity was assessed using the PAQ-A questionnaire, online gaming with the GASA questionnaire, and nutritional status by measuring height and weight. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test. Results: Most students had a moderate level of physical activity (98 students; 51.6%), a moderate frequency of online gaming (125 students; 65.8%), and normal nutritional status (150 students; 78.9%). The analysis showed no significant correlation between physical activity (p = 0.499) or online gaming (p = 0.073) and nutritional status among students at SMPN 4 and 18 Pontianak. Conclusion: Levels of physical activity and online gaming addiction did not significantly affect the nutritional status of early adolescents at Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 4 dan 18 Pontianak. Keywords: physical activity, online games, nutritional status, adolescents, junior high schools

Peran stres oksidatif dalam hipertensi esensial: Systematic review

The role of oxidative stress in essential hypertension: A systematic review Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. It leads to endothelial dysfunction, reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, and increased arterial stiffness, all of which contribute to elevated blood pressure. Objective: To analyze the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. Methods: This study was a literature review conducted by searching PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane databases from 2021 to 2025 using the keywords “Hypertension AND Oxidative Stress AND Correlation.” Of the 2700 identified articles, six studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were analyzed further. Results: All selected studies demonstrated a strong relationship between oxidative stress and hypertension. Increased production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) impairs endothelial function, reduces NO levels, and increases arterial stiffness. Interventions using antioxidants, such as melatonin, and dietary nitrates improved vascular function and oxidative balance. However, the outcomes varied depending on the type and dosage of antioxidants used. Conclusion: Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of essential hypertension through endothelial damage, vascular dysfunction, and activation of the renin-angiotensin system. Antioxidant-based interventions, particularly melatonin, show promising potential to improve redox balance and reduce blood pressure. Further studies are needed to establish their long-term efficacy and safety. Keywords:  antioxidants, essential hypertension, oxidative stress, melatonin, nitric oxide

Perbandingan skor SOFA pada pasien sepsis dengan dan tanpa diabetes melitus tipe 2

Comparison of SOFA scores in septic patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction.  A dysregulated host response to infection causes it. Organ dysfunction can be represented by an increase in the SOFA score of > 2 points. Every increase in the score reflects worsening of organ dysfunction. Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common comorbidities in sepsis patients. T2DM patients have chronic hyperglycemia. This condition can impair immune function and damage the endothelium.  Objective: To find out the comparison of SOFA scores in sepsis patients with and without T2DM. Methods: This research was an analytical, cross-sectional study using medical record data from RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. The 132 samples comprised 66 sepsis patients with T2DM and 66 without T2DM. Sampling was carried out by using a stratified random sampling technique. Bivariate data analysis used an independent-samples t-tes. The mean of SOFA scores in sepsis patients with T2DM was 8.05 +_ 2.36 and the mean of SOFA scores in sepsis patients 6.38 +_ 2.96. The p-value (<0,05) in both groups was 0.001. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in SOFA scores between sepsis patients with and without T2DM. Keywords: sepsis, SOFA score, T2D

Strategi pencegahan non-farmakologis pada rhinitis alergi dalam mengatasi keterbatasan terapi antihistamin jangka panjang: Systematic review

Non-pharmacological prevention strategies for allergic rhinitis in addressing the limitations of long-term antihistamine therapy: A systematic review Antihistamine therapy in Allergic rhinitis is generally the primary choice for symptom management. However, long-term use often presents side effects such as sedation, tolerance, and lack of control over allergen exposure. Non-pharmacological preventive strategies are important to explore as complementary and alternative approaches. Objective: To analyze effective non-pharmacological strategies for the prevention of allergic rhinitis. Methods: A literature search was conducted across electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, focusing on publications published between 2015 and 2024. The selected studies included experimental studies, systematic reviews, and clinical guidelines addressing non-pharmacological interventions for allergic rhinitis. The most frequently discussed non-pharmacological strategies included environmental controls (e.g., reducing exposure to dust, mites, and air pollution), nasal saline irrigation, mask use, lifestyle modifications, and patient education. Results: Several interventions have shown significant reductions in symptom scores and improvements in patients' quality of life, especially when combined with pharmacological therapy. Non-pharmacological approaches have significant potential as long-term management strategies for allergic rhinitis. Conclusion: The combination of education, environmental modifications, and physical interventions can reduce symptom frequency and the need for antihistamines. Keywords: allergic rhinitis, antihistamines, environmental modifications, non-pharmacological, preventio

Hubungan tingkat pendidikan, status pekerjaan, dan perbedaan rerata asupan makanan ibu hamil: Studi cross-sectional pada ibu hamil di Provinsi Sumatera Barat

Relationship between education level, employment status, and differences in average food intake among pregnant women: A cross-sectional study on pregnant women in West Sumatra Province A pregnant woman will experience weight gain. Many factors influence weight gain in pregnant women, such as level of education, employment status, and food intake. Objective: To determine the relationship between education level, employment status, and variations in average dietary intake on weight gain among pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in West Sumatra Province with 183 respondents. Data on pregnant women's weight, employment status, education level, and food intake were obtained from secondary data sources, including maternal weight measurements, sociodemographic data, and the SQ-FFQ. The analysis uses the Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA. Results: The relationship between education level and employment status with weight gain of pregnant women were obtained with values of p=0.661 and p=0.977, and the difference between the average food intake (energy, carbohydrates, protein, and fat) with the weight gain of pregnant women was obtained sequentially, with values of p=0.179, 0.568, 0.143, and 0.104. Conclusion:  There was no significant relationship between job status and education level and weight gain of pregnant women, and there was no significant average difference between food intake and weight gain of pregnant women. Keywords: education level, employment status, food intake, pregnancy weight gai

Pemberian sari ikan kutuk (Channa striata) pada penyakit ginjal kronik dengan edema anasarka, diabetes melitus, dan hipertensi: Case report

Administration of snakehead fish (Channa striata) extract in chronic kidney disease with anasarca edema, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension: A case report Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem often accompanied by complications such as anasarca edema, anemia, and protein-energy malnutrition, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. This condition requires innovative nutritional strategies to support clinical recovery. Snakehead fish (Channa striata), which is rich in protein, essential amino acids, and micronutrients, has been suggested as a potential supportive therapy. Scientific evidence regarding its benefits in CKD management remains limited. This case report presents nutritional care for a male patient with stage V CKD, anasarca edema, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. The identified nutritional problems included decreased renal function requiring hemodialysis and endocrine metabolic disturbances; therefore, the nutritional intervention focused on a high-protein, low-simple-carbohydrate diet, Oral Nutrition Support (ONS), and snakehead extract supplementation (50 mL/day for six days). Monitoring outcomes showed an increase in dietary intake up to 75% of requirements, improvement in hemoglobin levels from 8.2 g/dL to 8.5 g/dL, and clinical improvements, including reduced nausea, decreased edema, and lowered blood pressure from 203/106 mmHg to 146/72 mmHg. Snakehead extract supplementation has the potential to serve as an effective supportive intervention to improve hemoglobin levels, clinical status, and nutritional outcomes in CKD patients with complications. Keywords: anasarca edema, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, nutritional intervention, snakehead fish

Faktor Risiko Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Gaming Disorder pada Remaja

Gaming disorder is often found among children and adolescents. This disorder of self-control over games that cause addiction is defined by WHO as a behavioral disorder. Risk factors for gaming disorder come from internal factors and external factors. One of the significant external risk factors is parents' parenting style towards their children. Objective: To explored and analyze external risk factors for gaming disorders in adolescents related to parental parenting patterns. Methods: The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach using purposive and in-depth interview techniques. There were 12 informants, 8 of whom were primary informants and 4 of whom were key informants. The main informant was an adolescent mobile legends game player in Surabaya who was diagnosed with gaming disorder based on the results of a preliminary study using the gaming disorder instrument from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Results: parenting patterns at risk are parenting patterns that pamper children, parenting patterns that lack control over parents, and parenting patterns that are indifferent and harsh.Conclusion: Ineffective parenting has an impact on teenagers' self-control, which has the potential to cause teenagers to fall into gaming addiction or gaming disorder.Keywords:  adolescents, gaming disorder, parenting styl

Perbandingan Efektifitas Metilprednisolon Intravena dengan Oral pada Kasus Grave Ophthalmopathy di RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang

Grave's Ophthalmopathy can occur in three phases depending on the inflammatory process.  Immunosuppressant therapy is an anti-inflammatory option for managing the active phase of GO.  A study showed a significant improvement in GO proptosis in patients treated with methylprednisolone.  Objective: To determined the frequency of proptosis in Thyroid Eye Disease  (TED) patients and the differential effect of oral or intravenous steroid administration.  Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study through medical record data from March 2023 to March 2024.  The subjects are all inpatients with thyroid eye disease in Dr M Djamil General Hospital, Padang.  T-tests were performed to determine each group's different perceptions.  Results: Thirty-six subjects with Grave’s ophthalmopathy.  The effect size of the changes in Hertel values in patients given both oral and intravenous corticosteroid therapy is significant in both eyes.  The effect size of the oral therapy is significant, with 0.341 in the right eyes and 0.303 in the left eyes.  The intravenous therapy is also significant, with the effect size 0.347 in the right and 0.271 in the left.  The change of Hertel value in patients given both oral and intravenous corticosteroid therapy is significant in the right eyes (p = 0.009 and p = 0.008).  Conclusion: Oral and injectable corticosteroids have similar effectiveness, thus providing flexibility in therapy selection for patients with thyroid eye disease. Keywords:  Grave ophthalmopathy, intravenous methylprednisolone, oral methylprednisolon

Pengaruh Walking Morning Exercise Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Tidur pada Lansia

Physiological and psychological problems can arise from sleep disorders. The majority of older people experience a decrease in sleep quality with age, so it is necessary to do morning physical activity such as walking to improve sleep quality. Objective: To determine whether walking in the morning exercise can improve older people's sleep quality. Methods: It was a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental type using a one-group pre and post-test design. The sample consisted of 28 respondents selected by purposive sampling. Measurement of sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire to evaluate a person's sleep quality. The walking morning exercise intervention was carried out thrice a week for up to 4 weeks. Results: Wilcoxon test for bivariate analysis showed a significance level of 0.008 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Walking in the morning exercise improves sleep quality in older people.Keywords:  older people, sleep quality, walking morning exercis

Hubungan Kejadian Hipertensi dengan Kualitas Hidup Penduduk Lanjut Usia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rijali Desa Batu Merah Kota Ambon Maluku

Hypertension is a degenerative disease that is often encountered in older people. Health status, such as hypertension, can interfere with the quality of life of the elderly. Objective: To determined the relationship between the incidence of hypertension and the quality of life of the elderly in the working area of the Puskesmas Rijali, Batu Merah Village, Ambon City, in 2022. Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design and used a consecutive sampling technique in sampling. Results: This study showed that from 76 samples, as many as 40 people (52.6%) suffered from hypertension and 36 people (47.4%) did not. Eight people (10.5%) had poor quality of life and 68 people (89.5%) had a good quality of life. The bivariate analysis results using Chi-square showed a p-value = 0.715 (p > 0,05). Conclusion: It can be said that there is no significant relationship between the incidence of hypertension and the quality of life of the elderly. Further research is needed regarding other factors that affect the quality of life of the elderly such as subject characteristics, medication adherence, and other chronic diseases, which according to several studies, have significance in determining the quality of life.Keywords: elderly,  hypertension, quality of lif