Kemampuan Predasi Ikan Kepala Timah Aplocheilus panchax Jantan dan Betina Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah utama di Indonesia sampai sekarang. Pemanfaatan ikan kepala timah (Aplocheilus panchax / A. panchax) sebagai pengendali vektor secara biologis bertujuan untuk memutus rantai penularan. Tujuan: Menentukan kemampuan predasi dan keefektifan ikan A. panchax jantan dan betina terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode post-test only design. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menghitung jumlah larva yang dipredasi setiap lima menit hingga 20 larva habis termakan kemudian dianalisis dengan independent sample t-test untuk mengetahui rerata kemampuan predasi kedua kelompok ikan. Hasil: (1) ikan betina  memakan rerata 9.20 larva per lima menit sedangkan ikan jantan 7.40 larva per lima menit. (2) ikan betina paling cepat menghabiskan 20 larva nyamuk dalam waktu 6 menit 44 detik sedangkan ikan jantan 9 menit 8 detik. Simpulan: Ikan A. panchax betina lebih efektif dari yang jantan sehingga berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pengendalian vektor DBD.Kata kunci: aplocheilus panchax, aedes aegypti, DBD, pengendalian vekto

Hubungan Nilai Laju Endap Darah (LED) dengan Kadar C-Reactive Protein (C-RP) pada Pasien Positif Covid-19

SARS-CoV-2 infection is a systemic infection that significantly affects hematopoiesis and the patient's immune response. Drastic increase in the production of proinflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6) play a role in mechanism of lymphopenia in COVID-19. Some indicators of inflammation markers include Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Objectives: To determined the correlation between Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-Reactive Protein (C-RP) levels in patients with covid-19. Methods: This research was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The samples in this research were 10 ESR and 10 CRP data in a patient with positive COVID-19 at the Mataram University Hospital. Results: A minimum value of 0.50 was obtained from 10 samples of CRP examination, while the maximum value was 79.90 with an average value of 32.24 and a standard deviation of 30.36. The Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) examination obtained a minimum value of 6.00 from 10 samples, while the maximum value was 103.00 with an average value of 53.60 and a standard deviation of 36.40. Conclusion: There is no correlation between the value of Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-Reactive Protein levels in patients with Covid-19.Keywords: Covid-19,  C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rateÂ

Limfopenia dan Rasio Neutrofil-Limfosit pada Infeksi Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can cause cytokine storm characterized by the excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to lymphopenia and neutrophilia. Lymphopenia and high Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) on admission were associated with the severity of the disease. Objectives: To found out lymphopenia and high NLR in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study on all patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang from March until August 2020. Lymphocyte count and neutrophil count on admission were examined by flowcytometry method and NLR was calculated. Lymphopenia is a lymphocyte count of <1.5x103/mm3 and high NLR is ≥ 3.13.  Results: The study samples were 123 patients, with 58.5% women. The mean age was 47.80 (15.59) years. Lymphopenia was present in 39% of patients with mean lymphocyte count was 1.84 (0.83) x103/mm3. High NLR was present in 48% of patients with a mean NLR was 5.06 (4.87). Conclusion: Lymphopenia was present in 39% of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and high NLR was present in 48% of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.Keywords:  lymphopenia, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, SARS-CoV-

Korelasi Kadar Adiponektin dengan Kadar Kolesterol High Density Lipoprotein pada Penyandang Obes

Adiponectin and HDL cholesterol have a protective cardiovascular effect. Adiponectin levels decrease in obese people. This causes ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 expression and apolipoprotein A-I synthesis in hepatocytes to decrease, resulting in impaired HDL cholesterol synthesis. Objectives: To determined the correlation between adiponectin levels with HDL cholesterol levels in obese. Methods: This was the analytic study with a cross-sectional design of 59 obese people who met inclusion and exclusion criteria at RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang, from January to August 2019. Research subjects were grouped into two groups based on WHO Asia Pacific body mass index (BMI) classification. First-degree obesity group (25.0 £ BMI <30.0 kg/m2) and second-degree obesity group (BMI ≥ 30.0kg/ m2). Adiponectin levels were examined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and HDL cholesterol levels by the enzymatic colorimetric method. Data analyzed by Pearson correlation test, significant if p <0.05. Results: Research subjects 59 people (17 men, 42 women), average age 35 (8.04) years. Adiponectin levels in the first-degree obesity group were higher than second-degree obesity group, with a mean difference between groups 1.03 μg/mL (CI: 95%: 0.14 - 1.92, p = 0.02). Results showed adiponectin levels positively correlated with HDL cholesterol levels of moderate strength (r = 0.45) and statistically significant (p = <0.001). The results of the population subanalysis show relatively similar patterns. First-degree obesity population (r = 0.55; p = 0.002), second-degree obesity population (r = 0.41; p = 0.026). Conclusions: Adiponectin levels correlate with HDL cholesterol levels.Keywords: adiponectin, HDL cholesterol, obesit

Pengaruh Walking Morning Exercise Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Tidur pada Lansia

Physiological and psychological problems can arise from sleep disorders. The majority of older people experience a decrease in sleep quality with age, so it is necessary to do morning physical activity such as walking to improve sleep quality. Objective: To determine whether walking in the morning exercise can improve older people's sleep quality. Methods: It was a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental type using a one-group pre and post-test design. The sample consisted of 28 respondents selected by purposive sampling. Measurement of sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire to evaluate a person's sleep quality. The walking morning exercise intervention was carried out thrice a week for up to 4 weeks. Results: Wilcoxon test for bivariate analysis showed a significance level of 0.008 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Walking in the morning exercise improves sleep quality in older people.Keywords:  older people, sleep quality, walking morning exercis

Faktor Risiko Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Gaming Disorder pada Remaja

Gaming disorder is often found among children and adolescents. This disorder of self-control over games that cause addiction is defined by WHO as a behavioral disorder. Risk factors for gaming disorder come from internal factors and external factors. One of the significant external risk factors is parents' parenting style towards their children. Objective: To explored and analyze external risk factors for gaming disorders in adolescents related to parental parenting patterns. Methods: The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach using purposive and in-depth interview techniques. There were 12 informants, 8 of whom were primary informants and 4 of whom were key informants. The main informant was an adolescent mobile legends game player in Surabaya who was diagnosed with gaming disorder based on the results of a preliminary study using the gaming disorder instrument from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Results: parenting patterns at risk are parenting patterns that pamper children, parenting patterns that lack control over parents, and parenting patterns that are indifferent and harsh.Conclusion: Ineffective parenting has an impact on teenagers' self-control, which has the potential to cause teenagers to fall into gaming addiction or gaming disorder.Keywords:  adolescents, gaming disorder, parenting styl

Prevalensi dan Pola Sensitivitas Antibiotik Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli Penghasil Extended Spectrum Beta Laktamase di RSUP Dr. M Djamil Padang

Prevalensi Escherichia coli dan Klebsiella pneumoniae penghasil Extended spectrum beta Lactamase (ESBL) meningkat dalam beberapa tahun ini. Infeksi bakteri penghasil ESBL memiliki pilihan terapi yang terbatas. Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi dan pola sensitivitas antibiotik dari Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif dengan rancangan potong lintang terhadap 828 sampel mikrobiologi dengan hasil kultur positif terhadap bakteri Gram negatif pada bulan Juni 2018- Mei 2019 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Identifikasi bakteri, pemeriksaan ESBL dan uji sensitivitas dilakukan dengan alat mikrobiologi otomatis dengan metode kolorimetri dan turbidimetri. Hasil: Prevalensi Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr M Djamill Padang  masing-masing sebanyak 70,9% dan 75,7%. Sensitivitas Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL adalah 96,4% dan 98,8 terhadap antibiotik meropenem, 98,9% dan 99,4% terhadap antibiotik amikasin, 53,5% dan 44,8% terhadap antibiotik sefepim, 46,2% dan 53,4% terhadap antibiotik gentamisin serta 31,5% dan 15,9% terhadap antibiotik siprofloksasin. Prevalensi Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr. M Djamil Padang cukup tinggi dengan rata-rata prevalensi kedua bakteri 73,2%. Simpulan: Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL sensitif terhadap antibiotik meropenem dan amikasin.Kata kunci: ESBL, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, prevalens

Hubungan antara Rasio Neutrofil Terhadap Limfosit Preterapi dengan Angka Harapan Hidup Pasien Karsinoma Nasofaring di RSUD Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Tahun 2018

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignancy that originates from the epithelial tissues lining the nasopharynx and is considered one of the most common malignant cancers which cause mortality in Indonesia. Neutrophils and lymphocytes are the first lines to provide body immunity against foreign substances. Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is a prognostic factor in various malignancies. Objective: To investigated the correlation between pre-therapy Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and survival rate among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma at Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Regional Public Hospital in 2018. Methods: The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) data were obtained from outpatient medical records at Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Regional Public Hospital in 2018. In addition, the data on mortality status were collected based on the information after directly contacting the patients. A purposive sampling technique was used to collect the data. Thirty-three data of patient medical records were obtained and analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with a significant p-value of <0.05. Results: The analysis result showed p-value of 0.495. Conclusion: There is no correlation between pre-therapy Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and survival rate among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Keywords:  nasopharyngeal carcinoma, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, survival rat

Hubungan Kejadian Hipertensi dengan Kualitas Hidup Penduduk Lanjut Usia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rijali Desa Batu Merah Kota Ambon Maluku

Hypertension is a degenerative disease that is often encountered in older people. Health status, such as hypertension, can interfere with the quality of life of the elderly. Objective: To determined the relationship between the incidence of hypertension and the quality of life of the elderly in the working area of the Puskesmas Rijali, Batu Merah Village, Ambon City, in 2022. Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design and used a consecutive sampling technique in sampling. Results: This study showed that from 76 samples, as many as 40 people (52.6%) suffered from hypertension and 36 people (47.4%) did not. Eight people (10.5%) had poor quality of life and 68 people (89.5%) had a good quality of life. The bivariate analysis results using Chi-square showed a p-value = 0.715 (p > 0,05). Conclusion: It can be said that there is no significant relationship between the incidence of hypertension and the quality of life of the elderly. Further research is needed regarding other factors that affect the quality of life of the elderly such as subject characteristics, medication adherence, and other chronic diseases, which according to several studies, have significance in determining the quality of life.Keywords: elderly,  hypertension, quality of lif

Korelasi Status Nutrisi dengan Tingkat Kadar Hemoglobin Darah pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar Markidam di Desa Cilame Kabupaten Bandung

Malnutrition has many adverse effects, including a decrease in hemoglobin levels, or known as anemia. Malnutrition caused by nutritional deficiencies can affect the decrease in hemoglobin levels or anemia. Objective: To determined the correlation between nutritional status and hemoglobin levels in Markidam elementary school-age children in Cilame Village Methods: This cross-sectional study uses primary data from research subjects who have agreed. The number of subject research that has been taken was 143 respondents. Anthropometric examinations using weight scales and microtoise were then carried out in a plotting process to determine the nutritional status of respondents. The hemoglobin level was used as a rapid diagnostic test tool with the Easytouch brand type GCHB. Spearman test to find out the results of this research hypothesis. Results:  Hemoglobin levels did not have a significant correlation with nutritional status. This could be seen from the significance value (p-value) of 0,172, where this value is greater than 0,05. Conclusion: There is no correlation between nutritional status and hemoglobin level at the age of elementary school children.Keywords: anemia, hemoglobin, nutritional statu