Evolution of a meteorite crater as a process of random displacements

An examination of the ages and sizes of 114 terrestrial impact craters shows that their aging kinetics can be described by the diffusion laws. The macrodiffusion coefficient which determines random displacements of mineral masses on the Earth has a mean value of 0.02 sq m/year. The amount of matter in a crater that contains information about the impact event decreases with time according to the 1/T law. The basic characteristic parameter of a crater is its initial area, inasmuch as sufficiently large craters are nearly surficial formations. The relaxation time of a crater is proportional to its initial area

About Development and Verification of Software for Finite Element Analysis of Beam Systems

AbstractThe distinctive paper is devoted to author's software (Windows application) for finite element analysis (FEA) of beam systems. Program application package provides convenient graphical interface to the user for quick creation of layout design in accordance with given coordinates of nodes. User can specify various boundary conditions in the corresponding nodes or apply external loads. The results of FEA are displayed in text and graphical forms (including visualization of deformed scheme). Moreover, these results can be exported into a Microsoft Word document. Open source and freeware program has been created by Microsoft Visual C++. Information about verification samples is presentedClic

Обзор основных клиническихисследований алендроната

Development Bisphosphonates are a major class of drugs used to treat osteoporosis (OP) and other diseases characterized by increased bone resorption. The literature contains indisputable evidence for the efficacy of alendronate in the registered oral dose of 70 mg once weekly in the treatment of postmenopausal OP. Alendronate reduces a risk for vertebral and non-vertebral (peripheral) fractures, including those of the hip and forearm. Just one-year therapy with the drug results in increased bone mineral density and decreased bone resorption, which is associated with a reduced risk for osteoporotic fractures. Undesirable side effects of alendronate are rare, if it is correctly used, and generally appear as dyspeptic events in the upper gastrointestinal tract. In addition to its antiresorptive effect on the bone, the combination drug (alendronate 70 mg/cholecalciferol 2800 IU) additionally elevates the serum level of vitamin D, which allows the patients to be simultaneously treated with the drugs of the two groups (a bisphosphonate and vitamin D) recommended for use by the Russian Osteoporosis Association.Бисфосфонаты являются основным классом препаратов, применяемых для лечения остеопороза (ОП) и других заболеваний, характеризующихся повышенной резорбцией кости. В литературе имеются неоспоримые доказательства эффективности алендроната в зарегистрированной дозе 70 мг для приема внутрь 1 раз в неделю в лечении постменопаузального ОП. Алендронат снижает риск вертебральных и невертебральных (периферических) переломов, включая переломы бедра и предплечья. Уже через 1 год лечения препаратом повышается минеральная плотность костной ткани и снижается костная резорбция, что ассоциируется с уменьшением риска остеопоротических переломов. Нежелательные побочные эффекты алендроната при правильном назначении встречаются редко и, как правило, проявляются диспепсическими явлениями со стороны верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта. Комбинированный препарат алендронат 70 мг/колекальциферол 2800 МЕ, помимо антирезорбтивного действия на кость, дополнительно повышает уровень витамина D в сыворотке крови, что позволяет одновременно лечить пациентов препаратами двух групп, рекомендованных к назначению Российской ассоциацией по остеопорозу, - бисфосфонатом и витамином D

Towards Better Understanding Meta-learning Methods through Multi-task Representation Learning Theory

In this paper, we consider the framework of multi-task representation (MTR) learning where the goal is to use source tasks to learn a representation that reduces the sample complexity of solving a target task. We start by reviewing recent advances in MTR theory and show that they can provide novel insights for popular meta-learning algorithms when analyzed within this framework. In particular, we highlight a fundamental difference between gradient-based and metric-based algorithms and put forward a theoretical analysis to explain it. Finally, we use the derived insights to improve the generalization capacity of meta-learning methods via a new spectral-based regularization term and confirm its efficiency through experimental studies on classic few-shot classification and continual learning benchmarks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first contribution that puts the most recent learning bounds of MTR theory into practice of training popular meta-learning methods.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures, 7 table

Bandwidth Research of Wireless IoT Switches

The paper presents the research and comparative analysis of the bandwidth of low-power wireless IoT devices as wireless switches. Investigated and analyzed sensors the dependence of FTP multimedia data transmission speed on wireless Wi-Fi network on the temperature of the switch processor. To get temperature indicators sufficiently built into Python libraries to read temperature files. The paper focuses on the synchronicity of measurement results records for more accurate analysis. As a result, the dependence of the measured factors was calculated using the Pearson correlation formula. These measurement factors affect the autonomy and energy consumption, which is important for IoT devices, and therefore, among the devices tested, recommendations were made regarding their choice when used depending on the conditions

Influence of the temperature factor on the hydraulic resistance of pressure pipes

The assessment of the temperature factor influence on the pressure pipeline hydraulic operation mode is very relevant, since it is considered primarily as an opportunity to reduce the cost of mechanical water transportation. Smaller pressure pipe hydraulic resistances save the electrical energy consumption, and the temperature factor has an additional positive effect on the energy saving process. The purpose of the research is to identify the nature of changes in the hydraulic friction value in relation to the temperature conditions of the transferred water temperature and environmental conditions in the designed ranges, with the subsequent possible control of the transportation process with minimum electrical energy consumption. The method of achieving these goals is an experimental and analytical approach aimed at determining the dynamics of changes in the hydraulic parameters of pipelines made of various materials. The tasks of experimental bench studies include the development of a method for calculating the values of hydraulic friction coefficients for pressure pipelines. The results of hydraulic experiments and comprehensive analysis of the experimental and calculated data for determining the hydraulic friction coefficients for polyethylene pipe are presented. The calculated values of the hydraulic friction coefficient were compared with the experimental ones, which enabled identification of their sufficiently high convergence. The conclusions show a positive effect of reducing hydraulic resistances depending on the increase in the temperature of the transported water

Влияние ибандроната на риски вертебральных и невертебральных переломов при постменопаузальном остеопорозе (обзор клинических исследований)

The paper presents data of a large number of clinical trials meeting the principles of evidence-based medicines, which have dealt with the evaluation of the efficacy of ibandronate in postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP). The administration of its registered formulations (150 mg weekly oral and 3 mg quarterly intravenous) is shown to reduce the risk of both vertebral and nonvertebral fractures, including proximal femoral fractures. It is emphasized that adequate patient adherence to antiosteopotic therapy to achieve an acceptable annual cumulative dose is one of the most important goals of effective therapy for OPПредставлены данные большого количества клинических исследований, отвечающих принципам доказательной медицины, посвященных оценке эффективности ибандроната при постменопаузальном остеопорозе (ОП). Показано, что применение зарегистрированных форм препарата (для перорального приема 150 мг еженедельно и внутривенного введения 3 мг ежеквартально) приводит к снижению риска как вертебральных, так и невертебральных переломов, в том числе переломов проксимального отдела бедренной кости. Подчеркнуто, что одним из важных условий эффективного лечения ОП является адекватная приверженность пациентов антиостеопоротической терапии для достижения приемлемой годовой кумулятивной доз