Assessing the influence of socials calls on bat mist-netting success in North America

Since the introduction of the fungal disease White-Nose Syndrome in 2006, millions of North American bats have perished. For many species, the disease has caused over a 90 percent decline in abundance. With populations fluctuating as the pathogen spreads, biologists require improved methods of estimating bat demographics and abundance. Previous research indicates that mist netting success may be improved with the use of acoustic lures at mist-netting locations. Our research investigates which type of social calls improve the capture rates of North American bats, including the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus). Social call types used include antagonistic buzzes, distress calls, advertising calls, mother-to-offspring calls, and cohesion calls. We deployed acoustic lures at each netting site from 15 May 2017 to 15 August 2017. We created 5-hour long playlists using 10-minute blocks of each of the 5 call types, including a block of silence as control. We recorded the time of each bat capture to indicate the call block each individual entered the net. We utilized maximum likelihood analysis in program R to identify if call type had an influence on bat captures. Analysis indicated that European distress calls negatively impacted big brown bat captures. Overall, this suggests that researchers should utilize North American bat calls to improve capture rates of big brown bats

Effect Of Nucleation Time With TMAl Preflow Assistance On Reducing Dislocation Density Of Aln Layer For

AlGaN-based UVC LEDs have now received numerous attentions due to their ability to eliminate coronaviruses which cause COVID-19 disease. It is therefore essential to improve the efficiency of the LEDs to make them compatible for large scale applications. One of the major challenges to improve the efficiency is to reduce the dislocation density in AlN layer; the base layer for the LEDs, to be below 109 cm-2. Thus far, many works have been proposed to reduce the dislocation in the AlN layer. However, by properly adjusting the AlN nucleation time in the growth of the AlN layer, the dislocation can be reduced. The effect might be more significant with TMAl preflow assistance, which is applied after the growth of the nucleation. In this work, we will present the effect of the nucleation time with the assistance of TMAl preflow on reducing the dislocation density in the overgrown AlN layer. With 60 seconds of nucleation, the density of the dislocation in the AlN layer can be as low as 9.0 x 108 cm-2. In addition. the role of the TMAl preflow assistance will be justified. The AlN layer was subsequently used to grow a 255 nm UVC LED. The diode characteristic and CL emission of the LED will be discussed towards the endof the presentation

Effect Of Nucleation Time With Tmal Preflow Assistance On Reducing Dislocation Density Of Aln Layer For AlGaN-Based UVC LED

AlGaN-based UVC LEDs have now received numerous attentions due to their ability to eliminate coronaviruses which cause COVID-19 disease. It is therefore essential to improve the efficiency of the LEDs to make them compatible for large scale applications. One of the major challenges to improve the efficiency is to reduce the dislocation density in AlN layer; the base layer for the LEDs, to be below 109 cm-2 . Thus far, many works have been proposed to reduce the dislocation in the AlN layer. However, by properly adjusting the AlN nucleation time in the growth of the AlN layer, the dislocation can be reduced. The effect might be more significant with TMAl preflow assistance, which is applied after the growth of the nucleation. In this work, we will present the effect of the nucleation time with the assistance of TMAl preflow on reducing the dislocation density in the overgrown AlN layer. With 60 seconds of nucleation, the density of the dislocation in the AlN layer can be as low as 9.0 x 108 cm-2 . In addition. the role of the TMAl preflow assistance will be justified. The AlN layer was subsequently used to grow a 255 nm UVC LED. The diode characteristic and CL emission of the LED will be discussed towards the end of the presentation

Quasicrystals and their approximants in 2D ternary oxides

2D oxide quasicrystals (OQCs) are recently discovered aperiodic, but well-ordered oxide interfaces. In this topical review, an introduction to these new thin-film systems is given. The concept of quasicrystals and their approximants is explained for BaTiO3 - and SrTiO3 - derived OQCs and related periodic structures in these 2D oxides. In situ microscopy unravels the high-temperature formation process of OQCs on Pt(111). The dodecagonal structure is discussed regarding tiling statistics and tiling decoration based on the results of atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscopy and various diffraction techniques. In addition, angle-resolved ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results prove a metallic character of the 2D oxide

Improved kinetics of rIX-FP, a recombinant fusion protein linking factor IX with albumin, in cynomolgus monkeys and hemophilia B dogs: Improved kinetics of rIX-FP

Prophylaxis of hemophilia B, at present, requires multiple infusions of human factor IX (FIX) concentrates per week. A FIX molecule with a prolonged half-life has the potential to greatly improve convenience of, and adherence to, prophylaxis

Should I Stay or Should I Go? A Habitat-Dependent Dispersal Kernel Improves Prediction of Movement

The analysis of animal movement within different landscapes may increase our understanding of how landscape features affect the perceptual range of animals. Perceptual range is linked to movement probability of an animal via a dispersal kernel, the latter being generally considered as spatially invariant but could be spatially affected. We hypothesize that spatial plasticity of an animal's dispersal kernel could greatly modify its distribution in time and space. After radio tracking the movements of walking insects (Cosmopolites sordidus) in banana plantations, we considered the movements of individuals as states of a Markov chain whose transition probabilities depended on the habitat characteristics of current and target locations. Combining a likelihood procedure and pattern-oriented modelling, we tested the hypothesis that dispersal kernel depended on habitat features. Our results were consistent with the concept that animal dispersal kernel depends on habitat features. Recognizing the plasticity of animal movement probabilities will provide insight into landscape-level ecological processes

Macroscopic superposition states of ultracold bosons in a double-well potential

We present a thorough description of the physical regimes for ultracold bosons in double wells, with special attention paid to macroscopic superpositions (MSs). We use a generalization of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick Hamiltonian of up to eight single particle modes to study these MSs, solving the Hamiltonian with a combination of numerical exact diagonalization and high-order perturbation theory. The MS is between left and right potential wells; the extreme case with all atoms simultaneously located in both wells and in only two modes is the famous NOON state, but our approach encompasses much more general MSs. Use of more single particle modes brings dimensionality into the problem, allows us to set hard limits on the use of the original two-mode LMG model commonly treated in the literature, and also introduces a new mixed Josephson-Fock regime. Higher modes introduce angular degrees of freedom and MS states with different angular properties.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Mini-review prepared for the special issue of Frontiers of Physics "Recent Progresses on Quantum Dynamics of Ultracold Atoms and Future Quantum Technologies", edited by Profs. Lee, Ueda, and Drummon

An epidemic CC1-MRSA-IV clone yields false-negative test results in molecular MRSA identification assays: a note of caution, Austria, Germany, Ireland, 2020

We investigated why a clinical meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolate yielded false-negative results with some commercial PCR tests for MRSA detection. We found that an epidemic European CC1-MRSA-IV clone generally exhibits this behaviour. The failure of the assays was attributable to a large insertion in the orfX/SCCmec integration site. To ensure the reliability of molecular MRSA tests, it is vital to monitor emergence of new SCCmec types and junction sites