Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationTraffic congestion is an increasing problem in most urban areas in the United States. One of the sources of this problem is the automobile-oriented development that encourages automobile use and suppresses other transportation modes. A good transit system can satisfy most of the requirements of a transportation system user. A transit system must be efficient, safe, comfortable, and competitive to private cars in order to attract more riders. Transit Signal Priority (TSP) is an operational strategy that facilitates transit vehicles at signalized intersections. It improves transit efficiency and helps transit offer travel times competitive to private cars. A lot of studies conducted in the past 40 years show the major possibilities and benefits of TSP. The goal of this research is to develop a simulation-based methodology for the evaluation and improvement of TSP strategies. The objectives consist of evaluating existing and future TSP systems, and developing field-ready algorithms that provide adaptive ways for achieving different levels of TSP and improving its operation. The focus of the research is on using traffic microsimulation to evaluate and improve TSP, but it also looks into some field-based implementations and evaluations for additional support. The analysis of different TSP strategies is performed on existing and future rapid transit mode implementations, namely Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and Light Rail Transit (LRT). The results from the presented studies show the major benefits of TSP implementations for transit operations and small disruptions for vehicular traffic. Depending on the selected strategies and level of TSP, the travel time savings for transit can be between 10% and 30%, the reduction in intersection delay can exceed 60%, while running time reliability and headway adherence are greatly improved. These improvements in transit operations can make transit more efficient and competitive to private cars, justifying the TSP implementation. This research offers significant contributions to the state of TSP practice and research. It provides detailed insights into TSP operations, develops methods for its evaluation, and describes algorithms for achieving different levels of TSP. A significant part of the research is dedicated to the use of Software-in-the-Loop (SIL) traffic controllers in microsimulation. Through this research, SIL is proven to be a powerful tool for simulating complex traffic signal operations and TSP

The influence of temperature, relative air humidity and temperature humid index on the quality of cow milk

Centuries long experience has shown, and decades-long measurements have confirmed that there was no significant difference in the quality of milk on the farm during the year. These variations are correlated with a number of factors. Some of them are biological (are related to characteristics of breeds and individual cows), but a large number of groups are abiotic (Ambient conditions). With regard to biological factors difficult and slow to change, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of environment conditions on the quality of milk on selected farms. The farm "Stari Tamis" near Belgrade was chosen. There are daily milked 200 cows to 220. About 95% of cows are the Holstein-Friesian and Simmental remained. Over 35% of cows in first lactation, and less than 5% had previously five lactations. Studies were performed using standard methods for determining the total amount of: fat, protein and dry matter. Analyzing the obtained results, it was found that with increasing temperature of the wet index values, there is a decrease in the quantity of dry matter in milk. Thus, at the lowest interval index of up to 74, the percentage of dry matter in milk was 12.26%, while the highest interval index of over 84, the percentage of dry matter was reduced to 11.81%. The increase of the index will result in declining of the amount of fat. In the days when it was the lowest interval when heat stress was hardly any, the amount of milk fat was 3.45%, while on days with extremely strong and heat stress the index value was over 84, fat dropped to 3,18%. The increase of the index humid temperature value, led to a decline in the amount of protein in milk. Thus, at the lowest interval index of up to 74, the amount of protein in milk was 3.30%, while the highest interval index of over 84, the amount of protein was reduced to 3.21%

A GC/MS Profile of the Volatile Constituents of the Aerial Parts of Artemisia abrotanum L. (Asteraceae) from Serbia

The diethyl ether extract of the aerial parts of Artemisia abrotanum L. was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main identified constituents were silphiperfol-5-en-3-one A (14.6 %), ascaridole (13.1 %), 1,8-cineole (10.5 %), α -bisabolol oxide A acetate (8.7 %), germacrene D (6.5 %) and borneol (6.0 %).Keywords: Artemisia abrotanum L. (Asteraceae), diethyl ether extract, volatiles, silphiperfol-5-en-3-one A, ascaridole, triquinane

Književnokritička misao Zorana Mišića

Predmet istraživanja je rad Zorana Mišića koji je svoje književnokritičke stavove iskazao posredstvom kritičke, polemičke i esejističke prakse. Polazeći od pretpostavke da će Mišićev angažman, doprinos i značaj biti relevantnije sagledan ukoliko se analitičnije osvetle svi aspekti njegovog delovanja, pored poznatih polemičkih i kritičkih tekstova, u obzir je bio uzet i njegov ukupan esejistički, zatim antologičarski rad, kao i urednička strategija u posebnoj ediciji izdavačke kuće Nolit, biblioteke „Orfej”. Tako ovo istraživanje donosi prvi pokušaj predstavljanja i tumačenja celokupnog opusa i delovanja Zorana Mišića u kontekstu srpske književnosti dvadesetog veka, što je doprinelo novom percepcijskom čitanju i revalorizaciji dela Zorana Mišića. Istraživanje je imalo za cilj da ukaže na važnost opusa i delovanja Zorana Mišića kao jednog od najznačajnijih srpskih kritičara druge polovine dvadesetog veka, kao i na jednu od najznačajnijih pojava u istoriji srpske književne kritike

Lamb fattening possibilities in mixed flock of sheep

The aim of this study was to determine daily weight gain of different Wiirtemberg crosses. The experiment was carried out in central part of Vajdaság province, at right and left side of river Tisza in Bácska and Bánság region. In flock of 240 Wiirtemberg ewes 3 genotype of ram were used: Wiirtemberg, lie de France and Charolais. Trial included 60 lambs of three breed and crosses, 20 lambs per each: I. group pure Wiirtemberg, II. group lie de France x Wiirtemberg and III. group Charolais x Wiirtemberg. Average body mass of lambs at the beginning of trial was approx. 12 kg and at the end of the trial approx. 30 kg. The lambs were divided into two groups: indoor and pasture trial group. Lambs of group A were kept exclusively on pasture for fattening, fed by mothers milk and grass. Lambs of group B were kept indoors fed by mothers milk, concentrate mixture and alfalfa hay (ad libitum). During the experiment all lambs in group had same housing and nutrition condition. At the indoor condition the average daily gain of pure Wiirtemberg breed were 290 g for ram and 279 g for ewe lambs. In the case of He de France x Wiirtemberg crosses the daily gain were 313 and 309 g respectively. Charolais x Wiirtemberg crosses showed daily gain of 333 and 300 g per day. In this case the ram and ewe lambs obtained the best daily gain in the group. In the pasture condition the crosses of ram the Charolais x Wiirtemberg show the highest results 271 g while in the case of pure Wiirtemberg breed the result was 226 g/day. The average values of He de France x Wiirtemberg crosses are in the middle with daily gain value of 250 and 243 g/day. Wiirtemberg breed and their crosses at indoor condition have realised higher daily gain average. This confirms the fact that in crossing beside the genetic difference between populations that are being crossed, important factor for better daily gain is also the system of feeding. At indoor and also in outdoor condition the all breed crosses of Charolais x Wiirtemberg lambs got the highest daily gain results. In that case of crossing the Charolais breed has an outstanding effect

The influence of temperature, relative air humidity and temperature humid index on the quality of cow milk

Centuries long experience has shown, and decades-long measurements have confirmed that there was no significant difference in the quality of milk on the farm during the year. These variations are correlated with a number of factors. Some of them are biological (are related to characteristics of breeds and individual cows), but a large number of groups are abiotic (Ambient conditions). With regard to biological factors difficult and slow to change, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of environment conditions on the quality of milk on selected farms. The farm "Stari Tamis" near Belgrade was chosen. There are daily milked 200 cows to 220. About 95% of cows are the Holstein-Friesian and Simmental remained. Over 35% of cows in first lactation, and less than 5% had previously five lactations. Studies were performed using standard methods for determining the total amount of: fat, protein and dry matter. Analyzing the obtained results, it was found that with increasing temperature of the wet index values, there is a decrease in the quantity of dry matter in milk. Thus, at the lowest interval index of up to 74, the percentage of dry matter in milk was 12.26%, while the highest interval index of over 84, the percentage of dry matter was reduced to 11.81%. The increase of the index will result in declining of the amount of fat. In the days when it was the lowest interval when heat stress was hardly any, the amount of milk fat was 3.45%, while on days with extremely strong and heat stress the index value was over 84, fat dropped to 3,18%. The increase of the index humid temperature value, led to a decline in the amount of protein in milk. Thus, at the lowest interval index of up to 74, the amount of protein in milk was 3.30%, while the highest interval index of over 84, the amount of protein was reduced to 3.21%

The possibilities of organic farming in Vojvodina

Organic livestock farming needs a balance between ecology and economy. The organic husbandry are a new possibility for livestock production in Vojvodina. Marketing of produced animal originated products became more popular, and it is organized by farmers themselves, or by their associations. Organic livestock farming in Vojvodina – Northern region of Serbia, is at its very beginnings. The present paper describes the actual situation in organic farming, and possibilities of its improvement. The essential systemic unit is the farmstead which presents a base for organic farming. From the environmental point of view there are several factors like surroundings and landscape which determinate the way of farming. In some ways big differences could be observed on the right and left side of the river Tisa. The quality of soil is determinative. In Banat region we could find mostly pastures and meadows which are suitable for grazing. The conventional, extensive animal breeding – sheep and goat milk as well as the lamb production could be preferred. On the right side of the river Tisa, Backa is the intensive agricultural region with good arable land, therefore it is very suitable for indigenous pig breeding, using famous Mangalica pig. If breeders’ demand will appear in near future, a nucleus of Mangalica breed could be established. Biodiversity of poultry breeding depends mostly on the traditional poultry production and the gene conservation programmes. Based on production guidelines, organic livestock farming in Vojvodina has set the goal of establishing environment - friendly production, sustaining animals in good health, realizing high animal welfare standards, and producing high quality products

TAXONOMIC AND PHARMACOLOGICAL VALORIZATION OF THE MEDICINAL FLORA IN SVRLJIŠKI TIMOK GORGE (EASTERN SERBIA)

This paper presents the results of taxonomic and pharmacological valorization of autochthonous medicinal flora in the Svrljiški Timok gorge in Eastern Serbia. The taxonomic structure of group of medicinal plants in the study area was compared with spectrums of medicinal flora of Serbia and similar geographic objects in the region. Herbal substances are listed and the main effect and safety of use is provided for each substance. After the discussion on threat status for each species, necessity of protection of this gorge, characterized by pronounced species diversity and richness in resources of medicinal plants, was specified. Key words: Pharmacological valorization, medicinal plants, herbal substances