Effective technology of pharmaceutical enterprises wastewater local treatment from antibiotics

The work was aimed to study the processes of industrial wastewater purification of a pharmaceutical company treatment and to recommend an effective technology for local treatment of such wastewater in accordance with the requirements of normative documents on the treated wastewater disposal into the urban sewerage system. Model solutions of cefuroxime, a cephalosporin antibiotic, in distilled water with a concentration of 25 and 35 mg/dm3 were used for the study. COD model solutions, which is, respectively, 90 and 120 mg/dm3. Chemical oxygen demand was etermined by the dichromate method (according to the guiding normative document (GND) 211.1.4.021-95. “Methods for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Determining in Surface and Wastewater”). The proposed technology included the following successive processes of physical and chemical treatment of wastewater: aeration – equalization of quantitative and qualitative composition of wastewater and oxidation up to 30% of organic matter; coagulation – removing of antibiotics from wastewater by their adsorption on a highly developed surface of mineral coagulants flakes; sedimentation – separating of the formed flakes; oxidation of antibiotics destruction products by hydrogen peroxide; filtration – removal of fine impurities.Effect of COD reduction rate in the coagulation and setteling of wastewater in the case of ferrous sulphate III was 79.2% and 75%, which is higher by 4,2-6,7% than when using aluminum sulphate. The COD index changing of the pharmaceutical enterprise wastewater by the stages of its purification was found as follows: “aeration — coagulation with iron sulfate III — sedimentation — oxidation — filtration”. After filtering effect of reducing COD index was 95.8-100% at the initial value of 120 and 90 mg/dm3 respectively. The technology of local wastewater treatment from antibiotics was developed, which was based on the consistent use of physico-chemical methods of treatment and enabled to remove antibiotics and related substances from wastewater in accordance with the requirements of normative documents and disposal of treated wastewater into the urban wastewater system. Application of the developed technology of local wastewater treatment from antibiotics and related substances by the pharmaceutical companies would lead to meet the requirements of industrial wastewater disposal into the city drainage system, to a significant risk reduction of the antibiotics influence on the microorganisms of active sludge of the urban wastewater biological treatment facilities, to operating costs reduction to achieve maximum allowable discharges (MAD) of wastewater into a natural reservoir

IR Thermographic System Supplied with an Ordered Fiber Bundle for Investigation of Power Engineering Equipment and Units

In this article, the authors propose an IR imaging system, supplied with an IR bundle of ordered silver halide fibers, for the acquisition of 2D temperature field distribution in hard-to-reach places. We assessed crosstalk between neighboring individual fibers of the bundle, carried out calibration of the IR imaging system, and determined modelled defects using this system. The results showed the applicability of the system for the inspection and investigation of power engineering units. Keywords: IR fiber bundles, IR thermography, internal defects detectio

Development Of Recipes And Estimation Of Raw Material For Production Of Wheat Bread

The study of technological parameters of Midas wheat flour and possibility to use little-spread plants at wheat bread manufacturing was realized. Parameters and regimes for keeping and baking bread of new recipes were elaborated and selected. The elaborated method of bread manufacturing by new recipes relates to the field of agriculture and food industry and may be used at a laboratory baking of bread.There was experimentally grounded and introduced the change of a part of recipe quantity of wheat flour for dried and comminuted plants of Népeta mussinii L., Polymnia osotolysta L., Amaranthus tricolor L., Cosmos sulphureus L., Tanacetum parthenium L., Cyperus esculentus L., Physalis tomentous L. at baking bread. According to determined physical-chemical, organoleptic parameters of bread, a possibility of baking bread using plants was proved. The expedience of introducing vegetable additives of Népeta mussinii L., Polymnia osotolysta L., Amaranthus tricolor L., Tanacetum parthenium into wheat dough in the dose no more than 5 % to the flour mass; up to 10 % – Cosmos sulphureus L and up to 15 % – Cyperus esculentus L., Physalis tomentous L was proved. At these very dosages bread had an evenly colored crust, without breaks and cracks, elastic crumb, thin-walled porosity, expressed bread taste and pleasant smell of additives as opposite to other experimental samples

Analysis of the long-term effectiveness of a drug in the treatment of a chronic disease is the basis of rational pharmacotherapy (on the example of the use of roflumilast in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

The aim of the study consisted in assessing the long-term effectiveness of the drug in the treatment of chronic disease based on Markov modeling (on the example of the use of roflumilast in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).Materials and methods. The data on the dependence of exacerbations on the stage of COPD from the ECLIPSE study (Evaluation of COPD Longitudinally to Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints) were used as materials for the study. The simulation was carried out using MO Excel software based on the Markov model. The input data were 1 000 patients with COPD II stage. The time horizon was 10 years. The Markov cycle was 1 year. Additional patients were not included in the model and did not drop out during the simulation.Results. The number of patients with stage IV for the last modeling cycle (10 years) will be 265 patients with the addition of roflumilast to COPD, then without roflumilast, this figure will be 296 patients. The addition of roflumilast to COPD therapy slows the transition to stage IV COPD by 10.5 % for 10 years.The conclusion. The Markov model of the transition of patients suffering from COPD through stages of the disease characterizes the course of the disease on the time horizon at 10 years. Of the model group of 1000 patients (suffering from stage II COPD), only 48.4 % of patients remain in this stage at the end of the simulation. On the last cycle of the modeling time horizon, in stage III there are 22.1% of the initial cohort of patients, in stage IV — 29.6 %. ttese data reflect actual clinical practice. When modeling using the frequencies of transitions between states obtained during studies in which the efficacy of adding roflumilast, inhibitor of PDE-4 to treatment regimens was studied, modeling slowed down the progression of the disease

Рівень протеїну S100b у сироватці крові хворих з ко-інфекцією ВІЛ /туберкульоз як нейроспецифічний біомаркер ятрогенної нейротоксичності

There was studied the influence of antiretroviral and antimycobacterial chemotherapy on releasing from the gliacell marker lesions – S100b protein in the context of possible iatrogenic. It was established that a slight increase inthe concentration of S100b protein in blood serum of patients with co-infection of HIV /TB after starting HAART wasnot associated with the occurrence of symptoms of the central nervous system.Было изучено влияние препаратов антиретровирусной и антимикобактериальной химиотерапии навысвобождение из клеток нейроглии маркера поражения протеина S100b, в разрезе возможной ятрогении.Установлено, что незначительное повышение концентрации белка S100b в сыворотке крови больныхc ко-инфекцией ВИЧ/туберкулез после начала высокоактивной антиретровирусной терапии не былосвязано с возникновением симптомов со стороны центральной нервной системы.Вивчено вплив препаратів антиретровірусної та антимікобактеріальної хіміотерапії на вивільненняз клітин нейроглії маркера ураження протеїну S100b з огляду на можливу ятрогенію. Встановлено, щонезначне підвищення концентрації білка S100b у сироватці крові хворих з ко-інфекцією ВІЛ/туберкульозпісля початку високоактивної антиретровірусної терапії не було пов’язане з виникненням симптомів збоку центральної нервової системи

Development of recipes and estimation of raw material for production of wheat bread

The study of technological parameters of Midas wheat flour and possibility to use little-spread plants at wheat bread manufacturing was realized. Parameters and regimes for keeping and baking bread of new recipes were elaborated and selected. The elaborated method of bread manufacturing by new recipes relates to the field of agriculture and food industry and may be used at a laboratory baking of bread. There was experimentally grounded and introduced the change of a part of recipe quantity of wheat flour for dried and comminuted plants of Népeta mussinii L., Polymnia osotolysta L., Amaranthus tricolor L., Cosmos sulphureus L., Tanacetum parthenium L., Cyperus esculentus L., Physalis tomentous L. at baking bread. According to determined physical-chemical, organoleptic parameters of bread, a possibility of baking bread using plants was proved. The expedience of introducing vegetable additives of Népeta mussinii L., Polymnia osotolysta L., Amaranthus tricolor L., Tanacetum parthenium into wheat dough in the dose no more than 5 % to the flour mass; up to 10 % – Cosmos sulphureus L and up to 15 % – Cyperus esculentus L., Physalis tomentous L was proved. At these very dosages bread had an evenly colored crust, without breaks and cracks, elastic crumb, thin-walled porosity, expressed bread taste and pleasant smell of additives as opposite to other experimental samples