Optimization Of Parameters Of Heating Elements For Floor Panel Of Piglets Resting Places

The article deals with problem solving of mathematical physics using the method of separation of variables optimizing heating element – optimizing water tube parameters (tube material, radius, insulation thickness, choosing appropriate surrounding environment). For ensuring piglets comfort, concrete floor panels heated by electric current or hot water are used. If an electro-heated cable in the panels body is placed, than amount of heat conducted from the cable is the same along all the length of the cable. If hot water circulating through tube is used, than amount of heat energy taken off the heater decreases along its length. The aim of the research is to create the mathematical model of a water tube, were water temperature is gradually decreasing. This model is needed to make precise calculations of the heating panel for piglets, to ensure equal temperature distribution over the upper surface of the panel, taking into account mathematically calculated temperature decrease of the heat source

Untraditional Solutions For The Usage Of Greenhouse Effect

The heat solar energy traditionally is used in greenhouses for ensuring optimal plant vegetation regime in our climatic conditions. Glass verandas built during last centuries at the south side of living houses and summer cottages are appreciated as original use of solar energy. Veranda as light and warm room was used for different household needs and also for social activities. Up-to-date materials and technologies proposes wide spectrum of innovative activities for greenhouses and conservatories. The variable amount of solar energy is possible to smooth out by using accumulation system. In the paper results from vegetable drying experiments are presented. In the research used products – carrots, dry matter of the product at the start 8.5%, chopped product – 9.9%, after desiccation – equilibrium moisture content 10 -11%. The experimental device placed in the room is simulating the processes, which would occur if we use greenhouse for product drying, accordingly making changes in the design of conventional greenhouses by separating drying section from growing section, supplying warm heated in the greenhouse upper layer air from the bottom by forcing it with axial ventilator, and accordingly choosing appropriate accumulation system for energy storage in case when outside air temperature drop occurs

Assessment of the greenhouse gas emissions and energy inputs applying different weed control methods for wheat growing

Received: January 25th, 2023 ; Accepted: May 21st, 2023 ; Published: June 17th, 2023 ; Correspondence: [email protected] indicators are often used to evaluate and select technologies, determining the production costs of the product. However, according to the EU's green course, the ecological assessment of technologies is increasingly important. The purpose of the article is to comparatively evaluate two winter wheat weed control methods, which are widely used in Latvia, according to two ecological indicators - the amount of the GHG emissions and the energy consumption, to find out whether these indicators can serve as a criterion for the selection of technologies. These two methods are HA (harrowing), in which weeds are controlled by harrowing and herbicides, HE (herbicides), in which weeds are controlled only by herbicides. The methodology for calculating the mentioned indicators was developed by analyzing several studies by other authors. The total GHG emissions generated are calculated as the sum of five components: emissions, generated for the manufacture and delivery of the machinery used; emissions, generated by the fuel, consumed for implementation of the technology; emissions, generated for the production, delivery and installation of fertilizers; emissions, generated for the production, delivery and installation of pesticides, seed production, delivery and installation emissions. Analogously, the total energy consumption is calculated by summing the components The technologies were implemented on a specific farm, with the machinery of this farm, labor, fertilizers and the plant protection products. It has been established that the technologies differ by the calculated ecological indicators within the range of 1.2–2.6%; moreover, these indicators are lower for the technology with the herbicide spraying, and the technology is simpler to implement. Therefore, it is also more widely used. Since the coefficients for the calculation of the ecological indicators can be applied by the methodology of this article, the characteristics of the technique and the doses of fertilizers and the plant protection agents, used on the farms, are known, the ecological indicators can be used as an additional criterion for the selection of technologies on the farms. The ratio of the energy value and energy consumption of the produced product (the output and the input ratio) was also determined, this indicator for technologies HA and HE being, respectively, 8.30 and 8.41. In comparison with the research by the authors in other countries, from the point of view of the amount of the generated CO2-eq emissions and rational consumption of energy, the analysed winter wheat production technologies are evaluated as moderately efficient, but from the point of view of the energy value of the product produced and the ratio of the energy consumption (the output and the input ratio) - as efficient

Evaluation of the honey bee colonies weight gain during the intensive foraging period

Received: March 5th, 2022 ; Accepted: April 1st, 2022 ; Published: April 13th, 2022 ; Correspondence: [email protected] in Latvia has a long tradition and it is a classical branch of agriculture. In Latvia, there is no traditional beekeeping region, and beekeeping is performed in all regions. Honey yield is influenced by various factors - variety of crops (nectar plants) around the apiary, man-made changes in land/forests (deforestation), climate change, beekeepers’ actions, etc. Application of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the field of beekeeping can bring benefits to the beekeepers. To be more specific, continuous remote monitoring of certain bee colony parameters can improve beekeeper’s apiary management, by informing timely about the nectar flow (or even provide information on bee colony states, e.g., swarming). In such a way, beekeepers can plan their next actions - prepare supers or even choose to move the apiary to a different geographical location. Within this research, weight gain of the ten honey bee colonies was remotely monitored and analysed during two-week period at the beginning of the summer 2021 in Vecauce, Latvia, using the precision beekeeping approach. This monitoring period corresponded to intensive flowering of the winter rapeseed and field beans. Colonies were equipped with the automatic scales. In addition, colony and environmental temperature was monitored. Measurements were taken every thirty minutes. Analysing the obtained data, weight increase can be observed in all colonies, from 17 to 48 kg. As well, based on weight data, swarming event can be identified. Constant monitoring of weight change can also help to identify daily patterns in honey bee activity

СТАН ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ДЕПОЗИТНИХ РЕСУРСІВ БАНКІВ УКРАЇНИ ЗА РАХУНОК ФІНАНСІВ ДОМОГОСПОДАРСТВ

Activity of banking sector is impossible without engagement of deposit resources. Presence of resources directly influences of credit-investment banks activity. Analysis of statistics showed that the largest share in deposit portfolio of the banks of Ukraine is taken by the deposits of household. Existing economical, political and social factors make difficult process of engagement of finances of household to banking sector. Such situation hinders investment activities of the banks and, as result, economical growth of the country. In connection with that research of the problems of formation of deposit resources of the banks at the expense of the finances of household is enough urgent. This process requires more sophisticated analysis.InthearticlecomprehensivestatisticalanalysisofdynamicsofthestructureofdepositresourcesofthebanksofUkrainefor 2007—2017 years. As well the main tendencies in dynamics and the structure of deposit portfolio of the banks of Ukraine were revealed. The largest attention is paid to analysis of dependence of deposit resources of the banks from the incomes of the population. The main statistical methods were used during analysis. The tendency of decrease of rates of additions of household’s deposits was revealed as compared with rates of additions of the incomes of the population.The authors constructed the regression model of dependence of household’s deposits from the incomes of Ukraine population. The appropriate Russia ratings were considered for more sophisticated analysis of formation deposit resources. The regression model was constructed for Russian data. In the article comparative analysis of constructed models is carried out.Constructed models have high quality and can be used for construction of forecasts. The models can be used as base for research of events on engagement of deposit banks resources.Деятельность банковского сектора невозможна без использования депозитных ресурсов. Анализ статистических данных показывает, что наибольшую долю в депозитном портфеле банков Украины занимают депозиты домашних хозяйств. Сложившиеся экономические, политические и социальные факторы препятствуют эффективному привлечению финансов домохозяйств в банковский сектор Украины. В связи с этим исследование проблем формирования депозитных ресурсов банков является достаточно актуальной.Проводится всесторонний статистический анализ динамики структуры депозитных ресурсов банков Украины. Были построены регрессионные зависимости между депозитами домохозяйств и доходам населения Украины и России, а также проведен их сравнительный анализ.Діяльність банківського сектору неможлива без залучення депозитних ресурсів, наявність яких безпосередньо впливає на його здатність до кредитно-інвестиційній діяльності. Аналіз статистичних даних показав, що найбільшу частку в депозитному портфелі банків України займають депозити домашніх господарств. Наявні економічні, політичні та соціальні чинники ускладнюють процес залучання фінансових ресурсів домогосподарств до банківського сектору, що, у свою чергу, перешкоджає інвестиційній діяльності банків та, як наслідок, економічному зростанню країни. У зв’язку з цим дослідження проблем формування депозитних ресурсів банків за рахунок фінансів домогосподарств є досить актуальним та потребує детального аналізу.Проводиться всебічний статистичний аналіз динаміки структури депозитних ресурсів банків України за період з 2007 до 2017 років. Були виявлені основні тенденції у динаміці та структурі депозитного портфеля банківського сектору. Найбільшу увагу приділено аналізу залежності депозитних ресурсів банків від доходів населення із застосуванням статистичних методів. Виявлено тенденцію зниження темпів приросту депозитів домашніх господарств у порівнянні з темпами приросту доходів населення.У ході дослідження було побудовано регресійну залежність між депозитами домашніх господарств і доходів населення України. Для порівняльного аналізу та більш детального обґрунтування результатів дослідження були розглянуті відповідні показники Росії та також побудована регресійна залежність депозитів від доходів населення Росії. Порівняння побудованих моделей свідчить, що зміни у доходах населення Росії призведуть до більшої зміни в депозитах домогосподарств Росії, ніж аналогічні зміни у доходах населення України на депозити домогосподарств України.Висока якість побудованих моделей свідчить про те, що вони можуть бути використані для прогнозування значень, а також як підґрунтя для подальшого дослідження заходів щодо залучення депозитних ресурсів банків

Tomato: a crop species amenable to improvement by cellular and molecular methods

Tomato is a crop plant with a relatively small DNA content per haploid genome and a well developed genetics. Plant regeneration from explants and protoplasts is feasable which led to the development of efficient transformation procedures. In view of the current data, the isolation of useful mutants at the cellular level probably will be of limited value in the genetic improvement of tomato. Protoplast fusion may lead to novel combinations of organelle and nuclear DNA (cybrids), whereas this technique also provides a means of introducing genetic information from alien species into tomato. Important developments have come from molecular approaches. Following the construction of an RFLP map, these RFLP markers can be used in tomato to tag quantitative traits bred in from related species. Both RFLP's and transposons are in the process of being used to clone desired genes for which no gene products are known. Cloned genes can be introduced and potentially improve specific properties of tomato especially those controlled by single genes. Recent results suggest that, in principle, phenotypic mutants can be created for cloned and characterized genes and will prove their value in further improving the cultivated tomato.

Heme Oxygenase-1 Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing in Mice

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a cytoprotective, pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory enzyme, is strongly induced in injured tissues. Our aim was to clarify its role in cutaneous wound healing. In wild type mice, maximal expression of HO-1 in the skin was observed on the 2nd and 3rd days after wounding. Inhibition of HO-1 by tin protoporphyrin-IX resulted in retardation of wound closure. Healing was also delayed in HO-1 deficient mice, where lack of HO-1 could lead to complete suppression of reepithelialization and to formation of extensive skin lesions, accompanied by impaired neovascularization. Experiments performed in transgenic mice bearing HO-1 under control of keratin 14 promoter showed that increased level of HO-1 in keratinocytes is enough to improve the neovascularization and hasten the closure of wounds. Importantly, induction of HO-1 in wounded skin was relatively weak and delayed in diabetic (db/db) mice, in which also angiogenesis and wound closure were impaired. In such animals local delivery of HO-1 transgene using adenoviral vectors accelerated the wound healing and increased the vascularization. In summary, induction of HO-1 is necessary for efficient wound closure and neovascularization. Impaired wound healing in diabetic mice may be associated with delayed HO-1 upregulation and can be improved by HO-1 gene transfer

Children's developing ability to depict emotions in their drawings

55 children aged 5 to 9 years were asked to draw pictures depicting happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, and fear as well as pictures that did not express any emotion. These pictures were then scored by nonexpert adults for their overall emotional expressiveness, that is, how well they depicted the intended emotion. The results showed that drawings were generally regarded by adults as emotionally expressive. Happiness was the emotion most easily recognized in children's drawings, closely followed by sadness. The results also showed a linear increase in ratings of emotional expressiveness with age