Impact of Orthodontic Treatment on Crestal Bone Resorption in Periodontally Compromised Patients: a Case Series

Svrha: Kako se povećava broj pacijenata s parodontnom bolešću koji se podvrgavaju ortodontskom liječenju (OL-u), a nema izvještaja specifično fokusiranog na utjecaj OL-a u slučaju pregradnje alveolarne kosti (PAK-a), odlučili smo se za retrospektivnu studiju. Ispitanici i postupak: Kod dvadeset i šestero pacijenata ortodontski je liječeno 445 od 645 zuba. Unutar alveolarne kosti srednja im je visina iznosila 0,47 posto prije OL-a. Rendgensko snimanje i χ2-test upotrijebljeni su za procjenu razlike u PAK-u. Rezultati: Nije bilo gubitka zuba. Pokazali smo da (1) OL ne djeluje štetno na potpornu kost liječenog zuba, a s obzirom na to da su srednje vrijednosti resorpcije alveolarne kosti iznosile 0,03 milimetra kod liječenih i 0,26 milimetara kod neliječenih zuba (2), nije bilo statističke razlike u PAK-u između liječenih i neliječenih zuba), tako da (3) duljina aktivnog OL-a nije kritični čimbenik za PAK. Zaključak: OL je kod pacijenata s parodontnom bolešću moguće obaviti i postiže se dobar učinak na PAK.Objective: Since the number of patients with periodontitis undergoing the orthodontic treatment (OT) is increasing and no report specifically focuses on the impact of OT on crestal bone remodeling (CBR), we performed a retrospective study. Materials and Methods: Twenty six patients had OT on 445 over 645 teeth. The mean tooth high inserted into alveolar bone was 0.47% before OT. X-rays and χ2 test were used to evaluate differences in CBR. Results: No tooth was lost. We have demonstrated that (1) OT has no adverse effect on bone supporting the treated teeth (since the mean crestal bone resorption was 0.03 mm and 0.26 mm in treated and untreated teeth, respectively) (2) treated and untreated teeth have no statistical difference in CBR, and (3) the length of active OT is not a critical factor on CBR. Conclusion: OT of periodontally compromised patients can achieve good results on CBR

Ectodermal dysplasia treated with one-step surgical rehabilitation: a case report.

Abstract Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) comprises a large heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that are characterized by primary defects in the skin, hair, nails, eccrine glands and teeth. The most characteristic findings are the reduced number of teeth. All rehabilitative programmes involve proper evaluation of skeletal relationships. Prosthetic-implantological treatment at the end of bony growth can be used. In this article a case of ED treated with Le Fort I for maxillary advancement, femur homografts, implants' insertion and immediate loading is described. In December 2007, a 38-year-old female was referred to the Maxillofacial Department of Galeazzi Hospital (Milan, Italy) who had a diagnosis of ED. Twelve implants were inserted in one-step surgical procedure. No implant was lost and all are stable. The occlusion is stable after 15 months of follow-up. The results indicate that the one-step oral rehabilitation can be performed in adults who are affected by ED. Also, this significantly reduces the time of oral and facial rehabilitation

Clinical outcome of narrow diameter implants inserted into allografts

OBJECTIVE: Narrow diameter implants (NDI) (i.e. diamete

Technique for intraoperatory harvesting of adipose derived stem cells: towards cell treatment of recalcitrant ulcers

Successful wound and ulcer repair remains a major biomedical challenge in the 21st Century. Innovative and alternative treatment options have been investigated over the last decade and stem cells application has been suggested as a possible novel therapy for regenerative medicine. In particular, stem cells derived from adipose tissue have been attracting a lot of attention in recent years as an alternative to the use of cells derived from bone marrow. This technical note describes the procedure introduced by Coleman for intraoperatory harvesting of adipose derived-stem-cells and proposes a rationale for using it in difficult wound healing and recalcitrant ulcers

Wide Diameter Implants Inserted in Jaws Grafted with Homologue Bone

Svrha rada: Posljednjih deset godina povećala se uporaba implantata širokog promjera (WDI-a), posebice u lateralnim dijelovima čeljusti, uglavnom zbog dobrih kliničkih rezultata. No, malo je opisanih postupaka te objavljenih radova i ni jedan se ne bavi WDI-ma ugrađenima u transplantate homologne svježe zamrznute kosti (FFB-e). Zato smo obavili i retrospektivno istraživanje na nizu WDI-a postavljenih u homologne FFB-e, kako bismo ispitali kliničke rezultate. Materijal i metode: Ukupnom broju od 49 pacijenata ugrađeno je 126 WDI-a. Njih 35 imalo je dvostruko jetkanu površinu, 5 SLA1 površinu, 9 je bilo poprečno pjeskareno i jetkano kiselinom, 44 anodno oksidirano, 19 pjeskareno s CaPO4, 10 SLA2 površinu, a 4 su usatka imala neku drugu površinu. Rezultati: Samo jedan implantat bio je izgubljen (tj. SVR = 99,2%), a nije bilo razlike ni u ispitivanim varijablama. S druge strane, Coxova regresija pokazala je da su vrsta implantata (tj. dvostruko jetkana površina, površina pjeskarena CaPO4 i SLA2 površina) te njegova duæina (manja od 13 mm) u statistički znatnoj korelaciji s manjim gubitkom krestalne kosti, a time se omogućuje i bolji klinički ishod. Zaključak: Upotreba WDI-a u homolognom FFB-u može biti prihvatljiv način liječenja te može osigurati i neka poboljšanja, posebice u lateralnim dijelovima čeljusti za različita protetska rješenja poduprta usadcima.Objective of work: In the last decade the use of wide diameter implants (WDI) has increased especially in posterior jaws for their good clinical outcomes. However there are few reports on this topic and none on WDI inserted in homologue fresh frozen bone (FFB) grafts. Thus we planned a retrospective study on a series of WDI placed in homologuous FFB to evaluate the clinical outcome. Materials and Methods: 49 patients were operated on and 126 WDI inserted. There were 35 Double etched, 5 SLA1, 9 Grit blasted and acid etched, 44 Anodic Oxidized, 19 CaPo4 ceramic-blasted, 10 SLA2, and 4 miscellaneous implants. Results: Only 1 over in 126 WDI was lost (i.e. SVR = 99.2%) and no differences were detected among the studied variables. On the contrary, the Cox regression showed that implant type (i.e. Double etched, CaPo4 Ceramic-blasted, and SLA2) and implant length (i.e. length < 13 mm) correlated with a statistically signifi cant lower crestal bone loss and thus a better clinical outcome. Conclusion: The use of WDI inserted in homologuous FFB can be a viable treatment option and may provide benefi ts especially in posterior regions for the maintenance of various implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitations

Wide Diameter Implants Inserted in Jaws Grafted with Homologue Bone

Svrha rada: Posljednjih deset godina povećala se uporaba implantata širokog promjera (WDI-a), posebice u lateralnim dijelovima čeljusti, uglavnom zbog dobrih kliničkih rezultata. No, malo je opisanih postupaka te objavljenih radova i ni jedan se ne bavi WDI-ma ugrađenima u transplantate homologne svježe zamrznute kosti (FFB-e). Zato smo obavili i retrospektivno istraživanje na nizu WDI-a postavljenih u homologne FFB-e, kako bismo ispitali kliničke rezultate. Materijal i metode: Ukupnom broju od 49 pacijenata ugrađeno je 126 WDI-a. Njih 35 imalo je dvostruko jetkanu površinu, 5 SLA1 površinu, 9 je bilo poprečno pjeskareno i jetkano kiselinom, 44 anodno oksidirano, 19 pjeskareno s CaPO4, 10 SLA2 površinu, a 4 su usatka imala neku drugu površinu. Rezultati: Samo jedan implantat bio je izgubljen (tj. SVR = 99,2%), a nije bilo razlike ni u ispitivanim varijablama. S druge strane, Coxova regresija pokazala je da su vrsta implantata (tj. dvostruko jetkana površina, površina pjeskarena CaPO4 i SLA2 površina) te njegova duæina (manja od 13 mm) u statistički znatnoj korelaciji s manjim gubitkom krestalne kosti, a time se omogućuje i bolji klinički ishod. Zaključak: Upotreba WDI-a u homolognom FFB-u može biti prihvatljiv način liječenja te može osigurati i neka poboljšanja, posebice u lateralnim dijelovima čeljusti za različita protetska rješenja poduprta usadcima.Objective of work: In the last decade the use of wide diameter implants (WDI) has increased especially in posterior jaws for their good clinical outcomes. However there are few reports on this topic and none on WDI inserted in homologue fresh frozen bone (FFB) grafts. Thus we planned a retrospective study on a series of WDI placed in homologuous FFB to evaluate the clinical outcome. Materials and Methods: 49 patients were operated on and 126 WDI inserted. There were 35 Double etched, 5 SLA1, 9 Grit blasted and acid etched, 44 Anodic Oxidized, 19 CaPo4 ceramic-blasted, 10 SLA2, and 4 miscellaneous implants. Results: Only 1 over in 126 WDI was lost (i.e. SVR = 99.2%) and no differences were detected among the studied variables. On the contrary, the Cox regression showed that implant type (i.e. Double etched, CaPo4 Ceramic-blasted, and SLA2) and implant length (i.e. length < 13 mm) correlated with a statistically signifi cant lower crestal bone loss and thus a better clinical outcome. Conclusion: The use of WDI inserted in homologuous FFB can be a viable treatment option and may provide benefi ts especially in posterior regions for the maintenance of various implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitations

LETM1 couples mitochondrial DNA metabolism and nutrient preference

The diverse clinical phenotypes of Wolf\u2013Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) are the result of haploinsufficiency of several genes, one of which, LETM1, encodes a protein of the mitochondrial inner membrane of uncertain function. Here, we show that LETM1 is associated with mitochondrial ribosomes, is required for mitochondrial DNA distribution and expression, and regulates the activity of an ancillary metabolic enzyme, pyruvate dehydrogenase. LETM1 deficiency in WHS alters mitochondrial morphology and DNA organization, as does substituting ketone bodies for glucose in control cells. While this change in nutrient availability leads to the death of fibroblasts with normal amounts of LETM1, WHS-derived fibroblasts survive on ketone bodies, which can be attributed to their reduced dependence on glucose oxidation. Thus, remodeling of mitochondrial nucleoprotein complexes results from the inability of mitochondria to use specific substrates for energy production and is indicative of mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the dysfunction could be mitigated by a modified diet\u2014for WHS, one high in lipids and low in carbohydrates

Association of Variants in the SPTLC1 Gene With Juvenile Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Importance: Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare form of ALS characterized by age of symptom onset less than 25 years and a variable presentation.Objective: To identify the genetic variants associated with juvenile ALS.Design, Setting, and Participants: In this multicenter family-based genetic study, trio whole-exome sequencing was performed to identify the disease-associated gene in a case series of unrelated patients diagnosed with juvenile ALS and severe growth retardation. The patients and their family members were enrolled at academic hospitals and a government research facility between March 1, 2016, and March 13, 2020, and were observed until October 1, 2020. Whole-exome sequencing was also performed in a series of patients with juvenile ALS. A total of 66 patients with juvenile ALS and 6258 adult patients with ALS participated in the study. Patients were selected for the study based on their diagnosis, and all eligible participants were enrolled in the study. None of the participants had a family history of neurological disorders, suggesting de novo variants as the underlying genetic mechanism.Main Outcomes and Measures: De novo variants present only in the index case and not in unaffected family members.Results: Trio whole-exome sequencing was performed in 3 patients diagnosed with juvenile ALS and their parents. An additional 63 patients with juvenile ALS and 6258 adult patients with ALS were subsequently screened for variants in the SPTLC1 gene. De novo variants in SPTLC1 (p.Ala20Ser in 2 patients and p.Ser331Tyr in 1 patient) were identified in 3 unrelated patients diagnosed with juvenile ALS and failure to thrive. A fourth variant (p.Leu39del) was identified in a patient with juvenile ALS where parental DNA was unavailable. Variants in this gene have been previously shown to be associated with autosomal-dominant hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy, type 1A, by disrupting an essential enzyme complex in the sphingolipid synthesis pathway.Conclusions and Relevance: These data broaden the phenotype associated with SPTLC1 and suggest that patients presenting with juvenile ALS should be screened for variants in this gene.</p