Ciclo reprodutivo de machos e fêmeas de jacaré-do-Pantanal, Caiman crocodilus yacare.

A reprodução dos crocodilianos, tanto em condições naturais como em cativeiro, tem recebido considerável atenção, particularmente devido a suas aplicações no manejo. entretanto, muitas das informações disponíveis são relacionadas à produção de ninhos, duração do período de postura, tamanho de ovos e filhotes e sua relação com tamanho das fêmeas (Greer, 1975; Thorbjarnarson, 1994, 1996; Campos & Magnusson, 1995). Além dos estudos com aligátores (por ex. Joanen & McNease, 1980; lance, 1987, 1989; Guillette & Milnes, 2000; Uribe & Guillette, 2000), e uns poucos trabalhos com outras espécies como Crocodylus niloticus (Graham, 1968; Kofron, 1990) ou Caiman crocodilus (Thorbjarnarson, 1994), existem poucas informações sobre a estrutura e função das gônadas dos crodilianos. Nas espécies estudadas, nas atividades das gônadas têm mostrado um ciclo sazonas, relacionado com os fatores ambientais, como temperatura e nível d'água. A produção de hormônios pode variar entre espécies e sua relação com a espermatogênese pode não ser consistente, entretanto, o desenvolvimento folicular e ovidutal parecem ser associados com os hormônios sexuais esteróides (Lance, 1987; Kofron, 1990; Guillette & Milnes, 2000). A biologia reprodutiva do jacaré-do-Pantanal, Caiman crocodilus yacare, foi estudado por vários autores (Crasharw e Shaller, 1980; Cintra, 1988; Campos, 1993, Campos & Magnusson, 1995; Aleixo & Maciel, 1998), no entanto, não existem estudos da função endócrina das gônadas dos machos e fêmeas. Este Comunicado Técnico tem o objetivo de preencher essa lacuna dos conhecimentos da vitologênese e espermatogênese do jacaré-do-Pantanal.bitstream/item/79546/1/COT51.pd

A multiproxy approach to evaluate biocidal treatm entson biodeteri orated majolica glazed tiles

23 páginas.-- 10 figuras.-- 6 tablas.-- 88 referencias.-- Supporting information Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher’s web-site: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13380The Fishing House located on the grounds of the Marquis of Pombal Palace, Oeiras, Portugal, was built in the 18th century. During this epoch, Portuguese gardens, such as the one surrounding the Fishing House, were commonly ornamented with glazed wall tile claddings. Currently, some of these outdoor tile panels are covered with dark colored biofilms, contributing to undesirable aesthetic changes and eventually inducing chemical and physical damage to the tile surfaces. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the investigated biofilms are mainly composed of green algae, cyanobacteria and dematiaceous fungi. With the aim of mitigating biodeterioration, four different biocides (TiO2 nanoparticles, Biotin® T, Preventol® RI 80 and Albilex Biostat®) were applied in situ to the glazed wall tiles. Their efficacy was monitored by visual examination, epifluorescence microscopy and DNA-based analysis. Significant changes in the microbial community composition were observed 4 months after treatment with Preventol® RI 80 and Biotin® T. Although the original community was inactivated after these treatments, an early stage of re-colonization was detected 6 months after the biocide application. TiO2 nanoparticles showed promising results due to their self-cleaning effect, causing the detachment of the biofilm from the tile surface, which remained clean 6 and even 24 months after biocide application.This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT-MCTES) under grant no. SFRH/BD/46038/2008 and project no. UID/EAT/00729/2013. A. Z. Miller acknowledges the support from a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship of the European Commission’s 7th Framework Programme (PIEF-GA-2012-328689). Authors acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation Research Programme in Technologies for the Assessment and Conservation of Cultural Heritage (TCP CSD2007-00058),Peer reviewe

TREC-Rio trial: a randomised controlled trial for rapid tranquillisation for agitated patients in emergency psychiatric rooms [ISRCTN44153243]

Agitated or violent patients constitute 10% of all emergency psychiatric treatment. Management guidelines, the preferred treatment of clinicians and clinical practice all differ. Systematic reviews show that all relevant studies are small and none are likely to have adequate power to show true differences between treatments. Worldwide, current treatment is not based on evidence from randomised trials. In Brazil, the combination haloperidol-promethazine is frequently used, but no studies involving this mix exist. TREC-Rio (Tranquilização Rápida-Ensaio Clínico [Translation: Rapid Tranquillisation-Clinical Trial]) will compare midazolam with haloperidol-promethazine mix for treatment of agitated patients in emergency psychiatric rooms of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. TREC-Rio is a randomised, controlled, pragmatic and open study. Primary measure of outcome is tranquillisation at 20 minutes but effects on other measures of morbidity will also be assessed. TREC-Rio will involve the collaboration of as many health care professionals based in four psychiatric emergency rooms of Rio as possible. Because the design of this trial does not substantially complicate clinical management, and in several aspects simplifies it, the study can be large, and treatments used in everyday practice can be evaluated

Colored microbial coatings in show caves from the galapagos islands (Ecuador): first microbiological approach

The Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) have a unique ecosystem on Earth due to their outstanding biodiversity and geological features. This also extends to their subterranean heritage, such as volcanic caves, with plenty of secondary mineral deposits, including coralloid-type speleothems and moonmilk deposits. In this study, the bacterial communities associated with speleothems from two lava tubes of Santa Cruz Island were investigated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was carried out for the morphological characterization and detection of microbial features associated with moonmilk and coralloid speleothems from Bellavista and Royal Palm Caves. Microbial cells, especially filamentous bacteria in close association with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), were abundant in both types of speleothems. Furthermore, reticulated filaments and Actinobacteria-like cells were observed by FESEM. The analysis of 16S rDNA revealed the presence of different bacterial phylotypes, many of them associated with the carbon, nitrogen, iron and sulfur cycles, and some others with pollutants. This study gives insights into subsurface microbial diversity of the Galapagos Islands and further shows the interest of the conservation of these subterranean geoheritage sites used as show caves.Ministerio del Ambiente de Ecuador (Parque Nacional Galápagos)-PC-65-14Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España (MINECO) y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional de la Unión Europea (FEDER)-CGL2016-75590-PPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)-UID/Multi/04449/2019 HERCULES/U

Implantação das normas BPL e NBR ISO/IEC 17.025 na Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia.

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A compreensão da infância como construção sócio-histórica

This article aimed to make some reflections about the concept of childhood, considering social and historical issues. We tried to show different perspectives of the concept, its evolution over time, as well as main theorists and work developed on the field, in Western society, particularly in Brazil.  O presente artigo teve o objetivo de fazer algumas reflexões acerca do conceito de infância, considerando questões sociais e históricas. Procurou-se mostrar diversas perspectivas do conceito, a sua evolução ao longo do tempo, bem como os principais teóricos e trabalhos desenvolvidos sobre a temática, na sociedade ocidental, particularmente, no Brasil.  Este artículo tiene como objetivo hacer algunas reflexiones sobre el concepto de la infancia, teniendo en cuenta los temas sociales e históricos. Tratamos de mostrar diferentes perspectivas del concepto, su evolución en el tiempo, así como los principales trabajos teóricos y hecho sobre el tema, en la sociedad occidental, particularmente en Brasil.

Application of Pseudo-Hermitian Quantum Mechanics to a Complex Scattering Potential with Point Interactions

We present a generalization of the perturbative construction of the metric operator for non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with more than one perturbation parameter. We use this method to study the non-Hermitian scattering Hamiltonian: H=p^2/2m+\zeta_-\delta(x+a)+\zeta_+\delta(x-a), where \zeta_\pm and a are respectively complex and real parameters and \delta(x) is the Dirac delta function. For regions in the space of coupling constants \zeta_\pm where H is quasi-Hermitian and there are no complex bound states or spectral singularities, we construct a (positive-definite) metric operator \eta and the corresponding equivalent Hermitian Hamiltonian h. \eta turns out to be a (perturbatively) bounded operator for the cases that the imaginary part of the coupling constants have opposite sign, \Im(\zeta_+) = -\Im(\zeta_-). This in particular contains the PT-symmetric case: \zeta_+ = \zeta_-^*. We also calculate the energy expectation values for certain Gaussian wave packets to study the nonlocal nature of \rh or equivalently the non-Hermitian nature of \rH. We show that these physical quantities are not directly sensitive to the presence of PT-symmetry.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figure

An integrated approach for assessing the bioreceptivity of glazed tiles to phototrophic microorganisms

18 páginas.-- 7 figuras.-- 5 tablas.-- 63 referenciasA laboratory-based methodology was designed to assess the bioreceptivity of glazed tiles. The experimental set-up consisted of multiple steps: manufacturing of pristine and artificially aged glazed tiles, enrichment of phototrophic microorganisms, inoculation of phototrophs on glazed tiles, incubation under optimal conditions and quantification of biomass. In addition, tile intrinsic properties were assessed to determine which material properties contributed to tile bioreceptivity. Biofilm growth and biomass were appraised by digital image analysis, colorimetry and chlorophyll a analysis. SEM, micro-Raman and micro-particle induced X-ray emission analyses were carried out to investigate the biodeteriorating potential of phototrophic microorganisms on the glazed tiles. This practical and multidisciplinary approach showed that the accelerated colonization conditions allowed different types of tile bioreceptivity to be distinguished and to be related to precise characteristics of the material. Aged tiles showed higher bioreceptivity than pristine tiles due to their higher capillarity and permeability. Moreover, biophysical deterioration caused by chasmoendolithic growth was observed on colonized tile surfaces.This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) [grant SFRH/BD/46038/2008; project UID/EAT/00729/2013]. A.Z. Miller acknowledges support from a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship of the European Commission’s 7th Framework Programme [PIEF-GA-2012-328689]. J.P. Veiga and H. Águas acknowledge funding by FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 Programme and National Funds through FCT [project UID/ CTM/50025/2013]. This work was supported by the European Commission’s 7th Framework Programme, through the Marie Curie International Research Staff Exchange Scheme [NANO_GUARD (PIRSES-GA-2010-269138)].Peer reviewe

A contribuição da Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia à capacitação e formação profissional para implantação do Sistema da Qualidade.

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Evaluation of Nelore, Canchim, Santa Gertrudis, Holstein, Brown Swiss and Caracu as Sire Breeds in Matings with Nelore Cows. Effects on Progeny Growth, Carcass Traits and Crossbred Productivity

Over three calf crops, 1096 exposures of 380 Nelore (a Zebu breed) cows to 6 sire breeds Nelore (N), Canchim (C), Santa Gertrudis (G), Holstein (H), Brown Swiss (S), and Caracu (K), resulted in 644 calves weaned for a 63% calving rate. Sire breed effect was significant for birth weight, weaning weight, 13 mo weight and 18 mo weight. HN and SN calves were the heaviest at all weight periods wile CN, GN, and KN calves were the intermediates. Average daily gain from 18 mo to slaughter age was measured in 125 males finished in feed lot and 116 on pasture. A significant breed of sire × finishing system interaction was observed. Under feed lot, HN and SN had higher daily gain and dry matter intake per kg of metabolic weight than the other ones. HN calves showed the worst feed conversion. The average slaughter age was 788 d for feed lot and 989 d for pasture finished steers. Carcass traits were evaluated in 241 slaughtered animals. CN calves had the highest dressing % and edible portion % under both finishing conditions. Crossbred group productivity (calculated as 18 mo weight times the weaning rate %) was greater for locally adapted breeds of sire