Assessing indicators of runoff and erosion by rain simulation in the Ben Ahmed watershed (Central Morocco)

The objective of this study was to investigate the risks of runoff and erosion of soils in the Ben Ahmed watershed, it's located in the region of casa-settat, 70 km south-east of Casablanca, and characterized by a semi-arid climate. The study consists of measuring on 1 m2 plot, the volumes of runoff and sediments, under the influence of rainfall generation (60mm/30 min). Soil samples were collected from each plot to determine texture, organic matter and humidity. Results obtained show that the detachability varies between 19 and 34 g/l, infiltrability oscillate between 15 and 37 mm.h-. Pearson correlation test shows that infiltration was negatively correlated with runoff and soil detachability (R=-0.99, R=-0.87 respectively). It‘s significantly correlated with the proportions of sand(R=0.69), silt (R= -0.98) an clay (R= 0.92), however, is weakly correlated with organic matter (R=-0.32). Infiltration and detachability were significantly correlated with humidity (R = -0.99, R = -0.63respectively)

Etude de la mycoflore associée à Pyrus mamorensis Trabut, arbre endémique de la forêt de la Mamora (Maroc)

The investigations conducted in the Mamora forest have proved for the first time the presence of several species of fungi that infect different organs of Pyrus mamorensis Trabut endemic species of Morocco. Different species of fungi were isolated from lesions on leaves, flowers, buds and fruits. The foliar lesions contain a fungal complex: Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium herbarum, Drechslera australiensis, Mucor sp, Rhizopus stolonifer, Epiccoccum nigrum, Trichoderma harzianum. Curvularia lunata and Aspergillus versicolor were isolated from the fruit. Fungi that are able to grow on the wood of the trunk of Pyrus mamorensis are: Hysterium pulicare, H. asymetricum and Trematosphaeria pertusa.Les prospections réalisées dans la forêt de la Mamora, ont révélé pour la première fois la présence de nombreux champignons qui infectent différents organes du poirier de Mamora (Pyrus mamorensis Trabut) espèce endémique du Maroc. Les isolements à partir des lésions au niveau des feuilles, fleurs, bourgeons et fruits ont permis d’identifier différentes espèces.Les lésions foliaires renferment un complexe fongique: Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium herbarum, Drechslera australiensis, Mucor sp., Rhizopus stolonifer, Epiccoccum nigrum, Trichoderma harzianum. Curvularia lunata et Aspergillus versicolor ont été isolés à partir du fruit. Les champignons qui sont capables de se développer sur le bois du tronc de Pyrus mamorensis, sont : Hysterium pulicare, H. asymetricum et Trematosphaeria pertusa

Ethnobotany Study of Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases in the Middle Region of Oum Rbai

The ethnobotanical study carried out in the region of Oum Rbia (Morocco) made it possible to identify the medicinal plants used by the local population and to collect the maximum information on this use. A survey of 1360 people from the region's population noted that 170 people use medicinal plants against respiratory diseases. Women accounted for 55.3% of the workforce versus 44.7% for men; Married people 70% against 28% for singles. The illiteracy rate is high (34.1%). The leaves are the most widely used part of the plant. Infusion and decoction are the most commonly used methods for preparing traditional remedies. The most widely used species in the treatment of respiratory diseases are: Origanun glandulosum, Eucalyptus globulus, Nigella sativa, Mentha pulegium, Lavandula stoechas, Zingiber officinale, Ammodaucus leucotrichus, Ficus carica. In addition, some species have toxicity either because of the ignorance of the necessary dose or because the people treated are affected by other diseases. Thus, the survey made it possible to inventory 66 medicinal species which are divided into 36 plant families; Lamiaceae (21.2%), Myrtaceae (10.6%), Apiaceae (8.8%), Amaryllydaceae (7.7%) and Zingiberaceae (7.1%). These results resulted in a catalog of medicinal plants used in the study area to treat respiratory diseases. It is a local know-how that must be considered as a heritage to be preserved and developed

Effects of a Composite Endomycorrhizal Inoculum on Olive Cuttings under the Greenhouse Conditions

This study was carried out in a nursery to evaluate the impact of mycorrhizal fungi on the cutting's root growth, and root colonization of a Moroccan olive variety ‘Picholine Marocaine' under greenhouse conditions during 2 years of cultivation. The results revealed that the inoculation with a composite inoculum of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) stimulated an early root formation and high development of vegetative shoots in inoculated cuttings respectively, 35 days (50 days in the control plots) and 40 days (60 days in the control plots) after their culture. The progressive establishment of mycorrhizal symbiosis in the roots of the inoculated plants showed that the root and vegetative masses were respectively 24 g and 19.5 g two years after inoculation. The average height and the leave's number of the inoculated plants relative to the control were respectively s 42/ 12 cm and 145/12. The newly formed roots were mycorrhizal and present different structures characteristic of AMF: arbuscules, vesicles, hyphae and spores, whose frequency and intensity reached 90% and 75% two years after cuttings cultivation. The arbuscular and vesicular contents and the number of spores were 67%, 96% and 212 spores/ 100 g of soil respectively. The fourteen species of mycorrhizal fungi isolated from the rhizosphere belong to 4 genera (Glomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora, and Scutellospora) and three families (Glomaceae, Acaulosporaceae and Gigasporacea).The Glomus genus was the most dominant (65%) followed by the Gigaspora genus (22%). Glomus intraradices, Gigaspora sp.2, Glomus versiformes are the most abundant species, their frequency of occurrence are respectively 30%, 21% and 16%

Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]