MHC Class II haplotypes of Colombian Amerindian tribes

We analyzed 1041 individuals belonging to 17 Amerindian tribes of Colombia, Chimila, Bari and Tunebo (Chibcha linguistic family), Embera, Waunana (Choco linguistic family), Puinave and Nukak (Maku-Puinave linguistic families), Cubeo, Guanano, Tucano, Desano and Piratapuyo (Tukano linguistic family), Guahibo and Guayabero (Guayabero Linguistic Family), Curripaco and Piapoco (Arawak linguistic family) and Yucpa (Karib linguistic family). for MHC class II haplotypes (HLA-DRB1, DQA1, DQB1). Approximately 90% of the MHC class II haplotypes found among these tribes are haplotypes frequently encountered in other Amerindian tribes. Nonetheless, striking differences were observed among Chibcha and non-Chibcha speaking tribes. The DRB1*04:04, DRB1*04:11, DRB1*09:01 carrying haplotypes were frequently found among non-Chibcha speaking tribes, while the DRB1*04:07 haplotype showed significant frequencies among Chibcha speaking tribes, and only marginal frequencies among non-Chibcha speaking tribes. Our results suggest that the differences in MHC class II haplotype frequency found among Chibcha and non-Chibcha speaking tribes could be due to genetic differentiation in Mesoamerica of the ancestral Amerindian population into Chibcha and non-Chibcha speaking populations before they entered into South America

The application of structural reliability techniques to plume impingement loading of the Space Station Freedom Photovoltaic Array

A new aerospace application of structural reliability techniques is presented, where the applied forces depend on many probabilistic variables. This application is the plume impingement loading of the Space Station Freedom Photovoltaic Arrays. When the space shuttle berths with Space Station Freedom it must brake and maneuver towards the berthing point using its primary jets. The jet exhaust, or plume, may cause high loads on the photovoltaic arrays. The many parameters governing this problem are highly uncertain and random. An approach, using techniques from structural reliability, as opposed to the accepted deterministic methods, is presented which assesses the probability of failure of the array mast due to plume impingement loading. A Monte Carlo simulation of the berthing approach is used to determine the probability distribution of the loading. A probability distribution is also determined for the strength of the array. Structural reliability techniques are then used to assess the array mast design. These techniques are found to be superior to the standard deterministic dynamic transient analysis, for this class of problem. The results show that the probability of failure of the current array mast design, during its 15 year life, is minute

Jointly Optimizing Placement and Inference for Beacon-based Localization

The ability of robots to estimate their location is crucial for a wide variety of autonomous operations. In settings where GPS is unavailable, measurements of transmissions from fixed beacons provide an effective means of estimating a robot's location as it navigates. The accuracy of such a beacon-based localization system depends both on how beacons are distributed in the environment, and how the robot's location is inferred based on noisy and potentially ambiguous measurements. We propose an approach for making these design decisions automatically and without expert supervision, by explicitly searching for the placement and inference strategies that, together, are optimal for a given environment. Since this search is computationally expensive, our approach encodes beacon placement as a differential neural layer that interfaces with a neural network for inference. This formulation allows us to employ standard techniques for training neural networks to carry out the joint optimization. We evaluate this approach on a variety of environments and settings, and find that it is able to discover designs that enable high localization accuracy.Comment: Appeared at 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS

PENGARUH KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA, STRUKTUR BIROKRASI, DAN PEMAHAMAN SISTEM AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN DAERAH TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS PENYALURAN ALOKASI DANA DESA

RAHMA YUNIS. The Influence of Human Resources Quality, Bureaucratic Structure, and Understanding of Regional Financial Accounting System on Effectiveness of Village Fund Allocation Distribution. Faculty of Economics, Study Program of S1 Akuntansi, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. 2017. This research aims to analyze the influence between human resources quality, bureaucratic structure, and understanding of regional financial accounting system on effectiveness of Village Fund Allocation distribution. This research uses primary data with Chief Financial Officer whom work in village office in Sumedang District as a respondent. Population of this research is all villages in Sumedang District with 270 villages. While sampling method use random sampling method and obtained 113 respondent as a sample. Data analysis was done by using multiple linear regression method, using IBM SPSS version 22 application. Dependent variable of this research is effectiveness of Village Fund Allocation distribution and the influence of human resources quality, bureaucratic structure, and understanding of regional financial accounting system as an independent variable. The result shows that Human resources quality variable have no effect to effectiveness of Village Fund Allocation distribution. Bureaucratic structure variable have significant positive effect to effectiveness of Village Fund Allocation distribution. And understanding of regional financial accounting system variable have significant positive effect to effectiveness of Village Fund Allocation distribution. Keywords: Effectiveness of Village Fund Allocation Distribution, Human Resources Quality, Bureaucratic Structure, Understanding of Regional Financial Accounting System

Unraveling the Wagner Group and Yevgeny Prigozhin: The Enigma of Prigozhin's 'March of Justice

The text discusses significant recent developments in Russia's political landscape, notably the Prigozhin insurgency, which challenged the "perception of stability" under President Putin. The author highlights the potential scenarios for the country's future. When examining the attempted coup in Russia, it's crucial to highlight Vladimir Putin's vulnerability, evident in his decision to permit Yevgeny Prigozhin and fellow Wagner PMC leaders to depart unhindered to Belarus. There are enough hypotheses as to why the Wagner PMC, which always protected the interests of the Putin government, revolted against the government. The insurrection was so massive that mercenaries quickly captured Rostov-on-Don during the rebellion, entering the city, including in tanks. During the day, the rebels, with minimal resistance, passed the Voronezh, Lipetsk, and Tula regions, heading to Moscow. The swift conclusion of the rebellion within a day raises numerous uncertainties. The circumstances surrounding it remain puzzling: Prigozhin vanished from the scene, only for Belarusian leader Alexander Lukashenko to emerge. The Ukrainian invasion has serious implications for the Putin government, potentially prompting changes in leadership. The failed coup attempt involving Prigozhin and his departure to Belarus raises questions about Putin's authority and possible arrangements. The text concludes by discussing the impact of a coup on Russia's stability and the potential for multiple coups leading to a tumultuous transition with global implications. It emphasizes the interest in avoiding bloodshed and maintaining stability from both Russian and Western perspectives

Film As Nation Building: The UAE Goes Into the Movie Business

For the past 10 years, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has been aggressively pioneering at a national, government-financed level the production of local films while also courting Hollywood producers as a financier and production center. As a young, wealthy nation still conflicted about how it defines itself to itself and how it wishes to be defined outside its border--and as a country with no previous history in the visual arts of any kind and no movie-going culture until the late 1990s--the UAE presents a unique approach to the building of a film industry, one that is not grounded in previous models of national film building. Through content analysis of UAE films and interviews with local filmmakers, framed through rhetoric scholar Kenneth Burke’s writing on symbolism, we look at how the UAE government wishes to be perceived abroad versus how its filmmakers—who have a co-dependent relationship with the government--are portraying the country

DEKONSTRUKSI MITOS KEHAMILAN DI KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN

This study aimed to decontruct, elaborate, expres, doing signification, eksplorate, and to transfigurate the pregnancy speaking at myth Padang Pariaman Regency. There is five significant problems, namely (1) to elaborat the form of pregnancy myth speaking, (2) to represent the function of the pregnancy myth speaking, (3) to signify the pregnancy myth speaking, (4) to eksplore the pregnancy myth speaking, and (5) to transfigurate the pregnancy myth speaking. Relate to myth narrative decontruction, the writer uses two methods: (1) the field research; and (2) doing intervieu with Padang Pariaman Regency society, that is  Sintoga District, Nan Sabaris District, 2x11 VI Lingkuang District, and Lubuak Alung District. To support the analysis the writer needs some theoried they are speech act, semiotic, hypersemiotic, and desire philosophy.The elaboration form is projected by the meaning which is squarely at the text of pregnancy speaking myth. The step of representation function projected with analyzing function philosophy pregnancy myth speaking for society who produces the myth. Both of significations are called with form is the referred as with form projection and function of pregnancy myth speech. At signification form is the primary step of meaning which is closed to the theory about sign, that is semiotic. For the eksploration step is related to define the secondary stpe, which is closed to the hyersemiotic theory. Eksploration step is related to intertext study. It is aimed to describe ‘’the other meaning’’ of language sign which resulted in the myth speech The transfiguration step is described as the evaluation values which closed to the willingness philosophy

Ferrão, R. Benedito. The Many Lives of Vamona Navelcar. Cinnamon Teal, 2017.

There is India, and then there is Goa with a side of India, a state of being that transcends the physical borders of Goa, carving out a national identity that supersedes an Indian one. The Many Lives of Vamona Navelcar is a collection of essays, fiction, poetry and a moving graphic novel that serves as an interpretation of this multicultural transnational state of being. It does so by taking us on an exploration of the Goan painter and artist Vamona Navelcar, told to us by a variety of Goan writers and artists