Sintesis MOF Biner UiO-66/HKUST-1 Dengan Metode Solvotermal

Padatan HKUST-1, UiO-66, dan MOF biner UiO-66/HKUST-1 telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan metode solvotermal secara one pot process. Sintesis padatan MOF biner UiO-66/HKUST-1 dilakukan dengan penambahan variasi jumlah UiO-66 sebesar 5, 10, dan 20% terhadap jumlah HKUST-1. Padatan hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan instrumen XRD, FTIR dan SEM. Difraktogram hasil sintesis memiliki puncak karakteristik pada 2θ = 6,7°; 9,5°; 11°, 54°; dan 19° untuk padatan HKUST-1; 7, 34°, 8,3° dan 25,6° untuk padatan UiO-66; 6,64°, 7,18°, 9,36°, 11,5° dan 18,9° untuk padatan MOF biner. Analisa FTIR menunjukkan bahwa MOF biner hasil sintesis memiliki daerah serapan yang sama dengan padatan HKUST-1 dan UiO-66. Mikrograf MOF Biner hasil sintesis menunjukkan terdapat perpaduan morfologi antara HKUST-1 dan UiO-66. 

Perbandingan Efektivitas Dekolorisasi Fotokatalitik Metilen Biru dan Metil Jingga menggunakan Semikonduktor ZnO pada Variasi pH

The comparison of photocatalytic decolorization of Methylene Blue and Methyl Orange using ZnO Semiconductor under UV-LED radiation has been studied at varied pH. ZnO have been synthesized using co-precipitation method. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) result showed that the synthesized ZnO has a hexagonal structure with the particle size range 0.125 to 0.5 µm. The BET isotherm characterization showed the synthesized ZnO has a specific surface area (SBET), mesoporous volume and micropore volume of 60.20 m2/g, 0.541 cm3/g and 0.02 cm3/g, respectively. The observation of the effect of pH to the photocatalytic activity showed that the highest removal percentage occurred at pH 9 with the value of 95.64% for methylene blue and occurred at pH 3 with the value of 6.236% for methyl orange.

Characterization and Kinetic Study of Methylene Blue Photocatalytic on ZnO/ZSM-5

Photodegradation of organic pollutants depends significantly on the structure of metal oxide-based semiconductor photocatalysts. ZnO/ZSM-5 has shown the potential to significantly improve its photocatalytic efficiency for removing waterborne pollutants. ZnO/ZSM-5 has been reported to be an active catalyst for degrading methylene blue. These methods commonly involve various catalytic reactions, with the Langmuir-Hinshelwood process being used to describe the reaction kinetics. A kinetic study on the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue using ZnO/ZSM-5 was conducted under UV-LED lamp irradiation. ZnO/ZSM-5 was characterized using XRD, SEM, and N2 adsorption-desorption, and it was prepared via the impregnation method. The interaction between ZnO/ZSM-5 and methylene blue solutions over a period of 30 to 180 minutes was monitored using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue followed first-order rate kinetics. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) kinetic analysis revealed that the photocatalytic reaction constant (kc) was 4.207 L.mg-1. menit-1, and the Langmuir-Hinshelwood constant (K) was 261.509 L.mg-1

The Effect of Variations in Calcination Temperature on the Character of ZnO and ZnO/Mopl-CTAB in Degrading Methyl Orange

Medan orange peel (Mopl), which has been modified using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), has the potential to adsorb methyl orange (MO), and thus it can be used as a supporting material for ZnO. The ZnO is a photocatalytic material that is environmentally friendly, inexpensive, non-toxic, and has a wide band gap value. This study aims to determine the effect of calcination temperature on ZnO and ZnO characteristics due to modification using Mopl-CTAB and its effect on the degradation of MO. This research was carried out by synthesizing ZnO and ZnO/Mopl-CTAB materials using impregnation method and varying the calcination temperatures at 150, 250, 350, and 450 °C. The solid material powder obtained was characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS). Based on the results of the characterization, greater calcination temperature can affect the characteristics of the photocatalyst, including its morphology, functional groups, crystal structure, crystal lattice, crystallinity, surface area, pore size, pore volume, and energy band gap. The MO photodegradation activity test using the synthesized material was conducted under dark and light conditions. The results of the test revealed that the best or optimum material to be used in degrading MO is a calcined material at 450 °C under light conditions. ZnO material using Mopl-CTAB is better in degrading ZnO/Mopl-CTAB 450 °C than ZnO 450 °C. This study found that ZnO material using Mopl-CTAB  had a percent removal of 78% in 50 min, while ZnO 450 °C only had a percent removal of 53% in 40 min. The reaction kinetics in dark and light conditions follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)

Les couches de transport d’électrons d’oxyde et de composite pour efficaces cellules solaires à colorant

Three kinds of ETL have been developed and studied in this present work as a photoelectrode in DSSC. Those composed of (1) two kinds of TiO2-brookite nanoparticles, (TiO2_B1 and TiO2_B2), (2) the composite of anatase and graphene (TiO2_Gr) and (3) the nanorods like ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO_NR), respectively. All photoelectrode are prepared by doctor blading technique. The morphology of photoelectrodes have been characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The layer thicknesses were measured using profilometry. For the film structural characterizations, a high-resolution X-ray diffractometer was used. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and micro Raman measurement have been carried out to verify the TiO2_Gr composite preparation. The optical film properties (total transmission and total reflection) were recorded with a spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere techniques. The cell performances were obtained by measuring the I-V curves of the cells under calibrated illumination. To achieve an in-deep understanding of the cell functioning, the impedance spectroscopy (IS) technique has been studied over a large applied potential range. By doing IS study, the electronic structure, charge carrier lifetime (tn), transport/collection time (ttr) and electron transport parameters of the layers have been determined. The carefully study of their properties has revealed not only their advantages but also their limitation. This information will be beneficial as a consideration for the future work.Trois types des ETLs ont été développés et étudiés dans cette travaille comme une photoélectrode dans la cellule solaire à colorant (DSSC). Ils sont composés de (1) deux types de nanoparticules de TiO2-brookite, (2) le composite d'anatase et graphène et (3) la nanoparticule de ZnO qui a nanobâtonnet structure, respectivement. Toutes photoélectrodes sont préparées par le technique « doctor blade ». La morphologie des photoélectrodes ont été caractérisées par microscopie électronique à transmission (MET) et microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB). Les épaisseurs de couche sont mesurées en utilisant la profilométrie. Pour les films caractérisations structurelles, une haute résolution diffractomètre à rayons X a été utilisée. La spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier (FTIR) et micro-Raman ont été effectués pour vérifier la préparation composite TiO2_Gr. Les propriétés des films optiques ont été enregistrées avec un spectrophotomètre équipé d'une sphère d'intégration de techniques. Les performances de cellules ont été obtenues en mesurant les courbes IV des cellules sous illumination calibré. Pour atteindre une compréhension profonde du fonctionnement de la cellule, la spectroscopie d'impédance (IS) technique a été étudiée sur une grande gamme de potentiel appliquée. En faisant est l'étude, la structure électronique, porteurs de charge à vie (tn), le transport / heure de collecte (ttr) et les paramètres de transport d'électrons des couches ont été déterminées. L'étude soin de leurs propriétés a révélé non seulement leurs avantages mais aussi leur limitation. Cette information sera bénéfique comme une considération pour les travaux futurs

Sintesis MOF Biner UiO-66/HKUST-1 dengan Metode Solvotermal

Padatan HKUST-1, UiO-66, dan MOF biner UiO-66/HKUST-1 telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan metode solvotermal secara one pot process. Sintesis padatan MOF biner UiO-66/HKUST-1 dilakukan dengan penambahan variasi jumlah UiO-66 sebesar 5, 10, dan 20% terhadap jumlah HKUST-1. Padatan hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan instrumen XRD, FTIR dan SEM. Difraktogram hasil sintesis memiliki puncak karakteristik pada 2θ = 6,7°; 9,5°; 11°, 54°; dan 19° untuk padatan HKUST-1; 7, 34°, 8,3° dan 25,6° untuk padatan UiO-66; 6,64°, 7,18°, 9,36°, 11,5° dan 18,9° untuk padatan MOF biner. Analisa FTIR menunjukkan bahwa MOF biner hasil sintesis memiliki daerah serapan yang sama dengan padatan HKUST-1 dan UiO-66. Mikrograf MOF Biner hasil sintesis menunjukkan terdapat perpaduan morfologi antara HKUST-1 dan UiO-66

Theoretical study of nickel-doped zinc oxide interaction with methylene blue and methyl orange using DFT methods

In this research, the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) on ZnO and nickel-doped ZnO (Ni-ZnO) clusters was investigated through the density functional theory (DFT). The study included the interaction with ionized MB, neutral MB, ionized MO and neutral MO. In the case of Ni-doped ZnO, the two probabilities of nickel multiplicities (1 and 3) have been included in the investigation. The interaction between water and ZnO cluster as well as water with Ni-ZnO multiplicity 1 and multiplicity 3 was also studied. The results showed that nickel doping can decrease the bandgap 25.38% which is promising to shift the UV source to the visible range in the photocatalytic process. For photocatalyst application it will bring the more benefit because it requires the lower energy. Moreover, the nickel doped induce the dye adsorp stronger when the dye attached to dircetly the zinc ion. This guide to design the N-doped ZnO photocatalyst with no nickel atoms on the surface of the photocatalyst

Utilization of drinking water bottle waste as a sustainable and low-cost membrane material in water purification

The rapid development of membrane technology in various applications requires new membrane materials to achieve good separation performance. Materials in great demand are low in cost, easy to prepare, sustainable, and have good separation performance. In addition, consideration of environmental aspects is also crucial in the selection of membrane materials. On the other hand, plastic bottle waste, which increases every year (381.73 million tons), has the property of forming films or thin layers. Therefore, plastic bottle waste as a low-cost, sustainable, and “green” membrane material has great potential. The membrane from PET plastic bottle waste (PET-B membrane) was prepared using the immersion-precipitation phase inversion technique. Modification of the membrane is done by adding LiCl as an additive. Furthermore, the fabricated membranes were tested for their performance in water purification. The results showed that the PET-B membrane had a porosity of 74.8%. The addition of LiCl can increase the porosity of the PET-B membrane to 81.4%. The addition of LiCl caused an increase in flux to 3 times (65.30 Lm-2h-1bar−1 to 171.1 Lm-2h-1bar−1) and an increase in rejection from 64.46% to 99.45%

Solvent selection in membrane preparation from polyethylene terephthalate plastic waste: computational and experimental study

The selection of the solvent during the membrane preparation process significantly affects the characteristics of the resulting membrane. The large number of organic solvents available for dissolving polymers renders this experimental approach ineffective. A computational approach can select a solvent using the solvation energy value approach. In addition, no organic waste is generated from the computational approach, which is a distinct advantage. A computational approach using the DFT/B3LYP/def2-TZVP RIJCOSX method was used to optimize the structure of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The PET for the experiment was obtained from the utilization of plastic bottle waste. In addition, a review of the thermodynamics, geometry, HOMO-LUMO orbitals, and vibrational frequencies was conducted to validate the PET molecule against the experimental results. A conductor-like polarizable continuum model was used to determine the best solvent for dissolving the PET plastic waste. The results demonstrated that the Fourier Transform Infra-Red and Fourier Transform Raman spectra obtained from computational calculations were not significantly different from the experimental results. Based on a thermodynamic approach, computationally the Gibbs free energy (−724.723), entropy (0.0428), and enthalpy (−724,723 Kjmol ^−1 ) values of the PET dimer molecule are not much different from the experimental values (−601, 0.042, and −488 Kjmol ^−1 ). The computational approach was successful in selecting solvents that can dissolve PET plastic bottle waste. Phenol solvent has the lowest solvation energy value (−101.879 Kjmol ^−1 ) and the highest binding energy (2.4 Kjmol ^−1 ) than other solvents. Computational and experimental results demonstrated that the phenol solvent was able to dissolve PET plastic bottle waste better than the other solvents

Influence of

This research aims to know the influence of suspension compared to its crude extract on antibacterial activity, especially for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. An independent t-test was used as statistical analysis. The yield of the thick extract obtained was 11.153 % ± 1.032 % and it gave an inhibition zone of 7.878 mm ± 0.301 mm for Escherichia coli and 7.484 mm ± 0.636 mm for Staphylococcus aureus. While the suspensions gave an inhibitory zone of 6.293 mm ± 0.754 mm and 5.140 mm ± 0.121 mm for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in sequence. The extract’s particle size followed by suspension was 951.167 mm ± 113.662 nm and 474.000 mm ± 38.500 nm. The independent t-test results showed that the extract and suspension significantly influenced the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with sig values of 0.012 and 0.028. In conclusion, the extract had a greater effect than the suspension on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli