A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Generating Ampicillin-Level Antimicrobial Peptides with Activity-Aware Generative Adversarial Networks

Antimicrobial peptides are a potential solution to the threat of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens. Recently, deep generative models including generative adversarial networks (GANs) have been shown to be capable of designing new antimicrobial peptides. Intuitively, a GAN controls the probability distribution of generated sequences to cover active peptides as much as possible. This paper presents a peptide-specialized model called PepGAN that takes the balance between covering active peptides anddodging non-active peptides. As a result, PepGAN has superior statistical fidelity with respect to physicochemical descriptors including charge, hydrophobicity and weight. Top six peptides were synthesized and one of them was confirmed to be highly antimicrobial. The minimum inhibitory concentration was 3.1μg/mL, indicating that the peptide is twice as strong as ampicillin.</p

Estimating diurnal primate densities using distance sampling method in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon

Objective: To complete data of diurnal primates, we have estimated the density of diurnal primates in the northeastern part of Moukalaba Doudou National Park (MDNP) in Gabon and then we compared the results from those obtained in other areas.Methodology and results: we estimated the densities of each species based on the conventional distancesampling approach. Sampling was done in two sessions along 14 line-transects including various types of vegetation. Cercocebus torquatus is the species most abundance with 62.37 ind.km-2, followed by Cercopithecus nictitans (33.26 individuals.km-2), Cercopithecus cephus (29.38 individuals.km-2) Lophocebus albigena (15.72 ind.km-2). The low density was observed in Cercopithecus pogonias (5.23 individuals.km-2). Those values are higher than Makokou with C. cephus, C. nictitans 25 ind.km-2and 30 ind.km-2 respectively. Those results are relatively high unlike to Lopé C. cephus (5.1 individuals.km-2) C. nictitans (19.2 individuals.km-2) C. pogonias (4.6 individuals.km-2) which have the same vegetation types. They are different from Loango Loango, C. cephus (13.33 individuals.km-2) C. nictitans (3.71 individuals.km-2) Cercocebus torquatus (15.89 individuals.km-2) which have a disturbed forest, which may affect monkey’s density.Conclusion and application: our results showed that the density of monkeys in MDNP is among the highest in Gabon. This can be explained by the lacking of colobine monkeys, which generally dominated in the African rainforest, and the different types of vegetation that we founded.Keywords: Moukalaba-Doudou, distance sampling, monkeys, density, compariso

Ecosystem impacts of folivory and frugivory by Japanese macaques in two temperate forests in Yakushima.

Comparing animal consumption to plant primary production provides a means of assessing an animal's impact on the ecosystem and an evaluation of resource limitation. Here, we compared annual fruit and leaf consumption by Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) relative to the annual production of these foods in the lowlands and highlands of Yakushima Island, Japan. We estimated consumption by macaques by the direct observation of macaque groups for 1 year in each habitat. We estimated leaf production as the sum of leaf litter fall (corrected for the effect of translocated organic and inorganic matter) and folivory by insects (assumed to be 10%) and by macaques. We estimated fruit production as the sum of fruit litter fall and consumption by birds (estimated by the seed fall) and macaques. The impact of macaque folivory at the community level was negligible relative to production (∼0.04%) compared with folivory by insects (assumed to be 10%); however, for some species, macaque folivory reached up to 10.1% of production. Tree species on which macaques fed did not decline in abundance over 13 years, suggesting that their folivory did not influence tree species dynamics. For the three major fleshy-fruited species in the highland site, macaques consumed a considerable portion of total fruit production (6-40%), rivaling the consumption by birds (32-75%). We conclude that at the community level, macaque folivory was negligible compared with the leaf production, but frugivory was not

Ruthenium-Sulfonamide-Catalyzed Direct Dehydrative Condensation of Benzylic C–H Bonds with Aromatic Aldehydes

The first catalytic dehydrative condensation of the benzylic C–H bonds of toluene and <i>p</i>-xylene with aromatic aldehydes is reported herein. This protocol provides highly atom-economical access to stilbene and <i>p</i>-distyrylbenzene derivatives, whereby water is the sole byproduct. The reaction is based on the deprotonation–functionalization of benzylic C–H bonds through η⁶-complexation of the arenes, which is realized for the first time using a catalytic amount of a transition metal activator. The key to the success of this method is the use of a sulfonamide anion as a catalyst component, which appears to facilitate not only the deprotonation of the benzylic C–H bonds but also the formation of a C–C bonds via an electrophilic tosylimine intermediate