Results of the COVID-19 mental health international for the general population (COMET-G) study.

INTRODUCTION: There are few published empirical data on the effects of COVID-19 on mental health, and until now, there is no large international study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, an online questionnaire gathered data from 55,589 participants from 40 countries (64.85% females aged 35.80 ± 13.61; 34.05% males aged 34.90±13.29 and 1.10% other aged 31.64±13.15). Distress and probable depression were identified with the use of a previously developed cut-off and algorithm respectively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Descriptive statistics were calculated. Chi-square tests, multiple forward stepwise linear regression analyses and Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tested relations among variables. RESULTS: Probable depression was detected in 17.80% and distress in 16.71%. A significant percentage reported a deterioration in mental state, family dynamics and everyday lifestyle. Persons with a history of mental disorders had higher rates of current depression (31.82% vs. 13.07%). At least half of participants were accepting (at least to a moderate degree) a non-bizarre conspiracy. The highest Relative Risk (RR) to develop depression was associated with history of Bipolar disorder and self-harm/attempts (RR = 5.88). Suicidality was not increased in persons without a history of any mental disorder. Based on these results a model was developed. CONCLUSIONS: The final model revealed multiple vulnerabilities and an interplay leading from simple anxiety to probable depression and suicidality through distress. This could be of practical utility since many of these factors are modifiable. Future research and interventions should specifically focus on them

Sound Source Localization by Using Two Microphones

This thesis work presents the way of locating the sound source by using two microphone. The idea to approach the goal is based on the Time di fference of Arrival Estimation (TDOA). There are several ways to the TDOA such as the generalized cross-correlation (GCC) and Steered Response Power (SRP).The most common technique used in TDOA estimation is the generalized cross-correlation (GCC). But Steered Response Power PHAT (SRP-PHAT) together with the Windowed Discrete Fourier Transform(WDFT) are mainly focused on this thesis work

Sound Source Localization by Using Two Microphones

This thesis work presents the way of locating the sound source by using two microphone. The idea to approach the goal is based on the Time di fference of Arrival Estimation (TDOA). There are several ways to the TDOA such as the generalized cross-correlation (GCC) and Steered Response Power (SRP).The most common technique used in TDOA estimation is the generalized cross-correlation (GCC). But Steered Response Power PHAT (SRP-PHAT) together with the Windowed Discrete Fourier Transform(WDFT) are mainly focused on this thesis work

The economic and social roles of janissaries in a seventeenth century Ottoman city: the case of Istanbul

This study examines the ways in which the janissaries were part of civic society in early seventeenth-century Istanbul. It is based on the premise that investigation of the relationship between military cadres and civilians in Ottoman cities will reveal how hitherto unnoticed or underestimated aspects of urban life was during the early modern era. Making use of the Istanbul court records (şer'iye sicils), probate registers (tereke defters), conscription (eşkal defters) and salary registers (mevacib defters) of the janissaries, and registers of central state decrees (mühimme defters), the study focuses on the economic and social roles of the janissaries in Istanbul, as they entered into an enhanced urbanization process due to the social and political transformations of the Ottoman Empire in the seventeenth century.By studying various aspects of janissaries' lives this dissertation reveals the extent of their involvement in seventeenth century Istanbul's civic society. First, the methods of becoming a janissary are investigated and how these methods changed during the early seventeenth century are laid out. The profiles of janissaries in seventeenth-century Istanbul became much different than those of previous centuries as a result of changes in the conscription methods. These profiles are looked at more closely in the following sections of the dissertation. An examination of the janissaries' residential patterns in Istanbul reveals that the urban topography of the capital was directly influenced by an increase in the number of janissaries who were not living in the barracks and therefore were not segregated from the civic population. Solidarities and antagonisms that emerged thanks to the intertwinement of the janissaries with the city is another important concentration of this dissertation. A two-way movement between the janissaries and the artisans as well as solidarity among them emerged, which was reflected in janissary-led urban protests. These are all important dimensions of the newly emerged urban dynamics in Istanbul. Another one is the enhanced janissary solidarity through the economic bonding among the same regiment members through the strengthening of the regiment waqfs. This study reveals that the urbanization process of the janissaries in seventeenth-century Istanbul and their economic activities was a reflection of the general trends of increased capital accumulation and growth of a credit economy in Ottoman society.La présente étude vise à examiner les moyens dans lesquelles les Janissaires faisaient partie de la société civile d'Istanbul au début du 17e siècle. Il se fonde sur la prémisse qu'une investigation des rapports entre cadres militaires et civiles dans les villes ottomanes révélera des aspects de la vie urbaine, jusqu'ici inaperçus ou sous-estimés, dans la période moderne. En exploitant les documents de la cour de justice d'Istanbul (şer'iye sicils), les registres de testament (tereke defters), les registres de conscription (eşkal defters) et des salaires (mevacib defters) des Janissaires, et les registres des décrets de l'état centrale (mühimme defters), l'étude concentre sur les rôles économiques et sociales des Janissaires en Istanbul au moment où ils se sont embarqués dans un processus d'urbanisation rehaussée dû à la transformation sociale et politique de l'empire ottoman au 17e siècle.Par une étude des différents aspects de la vie des Janissaires, cette dissertation découvre l'étendu de leur implication dans la société civile d'Istanbul dans cette période. D'abord, il est question d'examiner les moyens de devenir janissaire et comment ces moyens ont changé dans les premières décades du 17e siècle. Les janissaires d'Istanbul ont subis en ce temps un grand changement de profil à la différence des siècles précédents suite aux changements dans les méthodes de conscription. Ces profils sont examinés de plus près dans les sections qui suivent. Une étude des dispositions résidentielles des Janissaires en Istanbul révèle que la topographie urbaine de la capitale a été directement liée au surcroit dans le nombre de Janissaires qui ne résidaient plus dans les casernes et qui n'étaient donc pas isolés de la population civile. Les solidarités et les antagonismes qui s'ensuivaient, dus aux entrelacements des Janissaires avec la ville, font un autre focus de cette dissertation. Le va-et-vient entre les janissaires et les artisans, ainsi que la solidarité qui se formait entre ces deux groupes, est reflété dans les protestations menées par les janissaires. Ce sont tous des dimensions signifiantes d'une nouvelle dynamique urbaine à Istanbul. Un autre, c'est la solidarité rehaussée parmi les Janissaires qui découlait de la rapprochement économique à l'intérieur des régiments causée par la renforcement des waqfs régimentaires. L'étude révèle aussi que le processus d'urbanisation des Janissaires dans l'Istanbul du 17e siècle ainsi que leurs activités économiques reflétaient les tendances générales d'accumulation accrue du capital et l'essor d'une économie de crédit dans la société ottomane

Dividend Policies and Price-Volume Reactions to Cash Dividends on the Stock Market: Evidence from the Istanbul Stock Exchange

This study examines the effects of cash dividend payments on stock returns and trading volumes in the stock market. It also investigates whether there is any difference in the investment behavior of investors with respect to the dividend pay out ratio and size in the Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE)from 1995 to 2003. Prices start to rise a few sessions before cash dividend payments, and on the ex-dividend day, they fall less than do dividend payments, finally decreasing in the sessions following the payment. Trading volume shows a considerable upward shift before the payment date and, interestingly, is stable after Thus, cash dividends influence prices and trading volumes in different ways before, at, and after payment, providing some profitable active trading strategy opportunities around the ex-dividend day. The findings support price-volume reaction discussions on the divident payment date and the significant effect of cash dividends on the stock market.cash dividends, emerging markets, price-volume reaction,

Vitamin D and Nerve Conduction In Pediatric Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: The aim of this study is to investigate a possible association between vitamin D deficiency and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.& nbsp;Materials-methods: Twenty-nine patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 19 healthy controls were included to the study. All individuals were evaluated for diabetic peripheral neuropathy with nerve conduction studies. Complete blood cell count, biochemical investigations, serum vitamin D levels, hemoglobin A1c levels were recorded.& nbsp;Results: No statistically significant differences between the diabetes and control groups in terms of gender, age, body weight, height, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, laboratory investigations, serum vitamin D levels and nerve conduction studies was found. Patients with diabetes were grouped as patients with normal serum vitamin D levels and patients with vitamin D deficiency. Sensory nerve action potential of sural nerve and motor peroneal nerve velocity were statistically significantly lower in diabetic patients with vitamin D deficiency compared to diabetic patients with normal vitamin D levels (p 0.009 and 0.005 respectively).& nbsp;Conclusion: Our results suggested that hypovitaminosis D might lead to development of neuropathic changes particularly on the lower limb nerves even in the early stages of the disease. It should be kept in mind that patients with hypovitaminosis D should be elaborately examined and closely followed up for the development of diabetic neuropathic changes, even if glucose control is achieved.(C) 2022 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japanese Society of Child Neurology

Case report: GNRH treatment for hypersexual behaviour in a child with autism spectrum disorder

Inappropriate sexual behaviours observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are difficult for both the family and the child, and they can significantly deteriorate social adaptation and functionality. Therefore, these behaviours need to be addressed and treated appropriately. Conventional treatments may be inadequate in a number of cases. In this case report, the treatment of inappropriate sexual behaviours using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), despite the medical and behavioural treatment of a 13-year-old boy diagnosed with ASD with mental retardation comorbidity, is described. The use of hormonal therapy in inappropriate sexual behaviours is discussed