Broken space-time symmetries and mechanisms of rectification of ac fields by nonlinear (non)adiabatic response

We consider low-dimensional dynamical systems exposed to a heat bath and to additional ac fields. The presence of these ac fields may lead to a breaking of certain spatial or temporal symmetries which in turn cause nonzero averages of relevant observables. Nonlinear (non)adiabatic response is employed to explain the effect. We consider a case of a particle in a periodic potential as an example and discuss the relevant symmetry breakings and the mechanisms of rectification of the current in such a system.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure

Anderson localization transition with long-ranged hoppings : analysis of the strong multifractality regime in terms of weighted Levy sums

For Anderson tight-binding models in dimension $d$ with random on-site energies $\epsilon_{\vec r}$ and critical long-ranged hoppings decaying typically as $V^{typ}(r) \sim V/r^d$, we show that the strong multifractality regime corresponding to small $V$ can be studied via the standard perturbation theory for eigenvectors in quantum mechanics. The Inverse Participation Ratios $Y_q(L)$, which are the order parameters of Anderson transitions, can be written in terms of weighted L\'evy sums of broadly distributed variables (as a consequence of the presence of on-site random energies in the denominators of the perturbation theory). We compute at leading order the typical and disorder-averaged multifractal spectra $\tau_{typ}(q)$ and $\tau_{av}(q)$ as a function of $q$. For $q<1/2$, we obtain the non-vanishing limiting spectrum $\tau_{typ}(q)=\tau_{av}(q)=d(2q-1)$ as $V \to 0^+$. For $q>1/2$, this method yields the same disorder-averaged spectrum $\tau_{av}(q)$ of order $O(V)$ as obtained previously via the Levitov renormalization method by Mirlin and Evers [Phys. Rev. B 62, 7920 (2000)]. In addition, it allows to compute explicitly the typical spectrum, also of order $O(V)$, but with a different $q$-dependence $\tau_{typ}(q) \ne \tau_{av}(q)$ for all $q>q_c=1/2$. As a consequence, we find that the corresponding singularity spectra $f_{typ}(\alpha)$ and $f_{av}(\alpha)$ differ even in the positive region $f>0$, and vanish at different values $\alpha_+^{typ} > \alpha_+^{av}$, in contrast to the standard picture. We also obtain that the saddle value $\alpha_{typ}(q)$ of the Legendre transform reaches the termination point $\alpha_+^{typ}$ where $f_{typ}(\alpha_+^{typ})=0$ only in the limit $q \to +\infty$.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures, v2=final versio

Vortex and translational currents due to broken time-space symmetries

We consider the classical dynamics of a particle in a $d=2,3$-dimensional space-periodic potential under the influence of time-periodic external fields with zero mean. We perform a general time-space symmetry analysis and identify conditions, when the particle will generate a nonzero averaged translational and vortex currents. We perform computational studies of the equations of motion and of corresponding Fokker-Planck equations, which confirm the symmetry predictions. We address the experimentally important issue of current control. Cold atoms in optical potentials and magnetic traps are among possible candidates to observe these findings experimentally.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Trophic links of the chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) in transformed forest ecosystems of North-Eastern Ukraine

The сhaffinch (Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758; Passeriformes, Fringillidae) is one of the most colourful forest species of birds living in Europe, West Asia and North Africa. The diet of this species was studied as a contribution to the conservation of the population of this species in transformed forests of the north-eastern part of Ukraine. Four forest ecosystems were studied: three model sites in oak forests, transformed under intensive recreation pressure, and one model site in a pine-oak forest. A total of 39 invertebrate taxa, dominated by Insecta (93.0%) were found. The orders Coleoptera (32.6%) and Lepidoptera (63.5%) prevailed in the diet of finch nestlings, the highest number of taxa (52.3–76.2%) was represented by phytophages. The phytophagous species also constituted the majority of the consumed prey items (44.0–55.6%). Environmental conditions provided an important effect on the diet structure. The most favourable foraging conditions for the species were found in protected natural areas. According to the analysis, the finch foraging efficiency was similar in all the studied sites. The highest biodiversity indices were found in a protected area of Homilshanski Forests National Nature Park. Results of the research have indicated the crucial role of Fringilla coelebs in the population management of potentially dangerous agricultural pests

Divergence of the Chaotic Layer Width and Strong Acceleration of the Spatial Chaotic Transport in Periodic Systems Driven by an Adiabatic ac Force

We show for the first time that a {\it weak} perturbation in a Hamiltonian system may lead to an arbitrarily {\it wide} chaotic layer and {\it fast} chaotic transport. This {\it generic} effect occurs in any spatially periodic Hamiltonian system subject to a sufficiently slow ac force. We explain it and develop an explicit theory for the layer width, verified in simulations. Chaotic spatial transport as well as applications to the diffusion of particles on surfaces, threshold devices and others are discussed.Comment: 4 pages including 3 EPS figures, this is an improved version of the paper (accepted to PRL, 2005

Expected effect of environmental investment on market share of oil company

This research is aimed at examining a possibility of using environmental investment as an oil company’s strategy for increasing its market share. The numeric data of environmental investment and share price in oil market are analyzed with the method of econometrics [1], and then the computer simulation is carried out with the method of system dynamics [2]. Yearly data are collected between 2003 and 2011 from open information sources of 12 major oil companies in 8 countries, on their net incomes, share prices, environmental investments, social investments, the emitted amounts of 4 types of air pollutions, and the volumes of spilled oil into the oceans. Upon the results of the investigations, it is found that there is a possibility that a certain degree of environmental investment may increase the market share of a company; and, there is a possibility for strategic environmental investment, while still increasing the market share.Вивчено можливість використання інвестицій в охорону навколишнього середовища в якості стратегії нафтової компанії з метою збільшення її частки ринку. Числові дані інвестицій в охорону навколишнього середовища та курсова вартість акцій на ринку нафти проаналізовані за допомогою економетричного методу, після чого проведено комп’ютерне моделювання з використанням методу системної динаміки. Річні дані за 2003–2011 роки отримані з відкритих інформаційних джерел 12 основних нафтових компаній з 8 країн, і стосуються їхнього чистого прибутку, курсової вартості акцій, інвестицій в охорону навколишнього середовища, соціальних інвестицій, кількості атмосферних викидів 4 видів, а також об’єму вилитої у світовий океан нафти. На підставі результатів дослідження було встановлено, що певна міра інвестицій в охорону довкілля може збільшити частку ринку компанії, а також, що існує можливість здійснювати стратегічні інвестиції в охорону навколишнього середовища і збільшувати при цьому частку ринку.Изучена возможность использования инвестиций в охрану окружающей среды в качестве стратегии нефтяной компании для увеличения ее доли рынка. Числовые данные инвестиций в охрану окружающей среды и курсовая стоимость акций на рынке нефти проанализированы с помощью эконометрического метода, после чего проведено компьютерное моделирование с использованием метода системной динамики. Годовые данные за 2003–2011 годы получены из открытых информационных источников 12 основных нефтяных компаний из 8 стран, и касаются чистой прибыли, курсовой стоимости акций, инвестиций в охрану окружающей среды, социальных инвестиций, количества атмосферных выбросов 4 видов, а также объема нефти, вылитой в мировой океан. На основании результатов исследования установлено, что определенная мера инвестиций в охрану окружающей среды может увеличить долю рынка компании, а также, что существует возможность осуществлять стратегические инвестиции в охрану окружающей среды, увеличивая при этом долю рынка

Directed current due to broken time-space symmetry

We consider the classical dynamics of a particle in a one-dimensional space-periodic potential U(X) = U(X+2\pi) under the influence of a time-periodic space-homogeneous external field E(t)=E(t+T). If E(t) is neither symmetric function of t nor antisymmetric under time shifts $E(t \pm T/2) \neq -E(t)$, an ensemble of trajectories with zero current at t=0 yields a nonzero finite current as $t\to \infty$. We explain this effect using symmetry considerations and perturbation theory. Finally we add dissipation (friction) and demonstrate that the resulting set of attractors keeps the broken symmetry property in the basins of attraction and leads to directed currents as well.Comment: 2 figure

Efficacy of combination of antihistaminic agents and blocker of leukotriene receptors in the treatment of pollinosis exacerbation with bronchial asthma attacks.

We have been observing 60 pollinosis patients at the age of 19 to 64 years with clinical manifestations of rhinitis, conjunctivitis, bronchial asthma. The study was conducted in the design of parallel groups. All patients were divided into 2 clinical groups (main and control), depending on the treatment regimen. The main group included 40 patients who received a combined drug Glencet Advance 1 tab. in the evening for 1 month. 20 patients included in the control group received symptomatic local therapy (eye drops, IGCC), β2-short-acting agonists. Results: integral assessment of symptoms in the main group before treatment was 11.50±0.13 and significantly decreased after treatment to 0.68±0.14 (p&lt;0.001). In the control group differences were much less expressed from 11.15±0.22 before treatment to 3.05±0.29 (p&lt;0.001) after treatment. FEV1 (%) in the main group has been improving more intensively (from 55.5±1.14 to 90.7±1.31 (p&lt;0.01). PEF has been improving from 187.5±4.34 l/sec to 406.3±10.73 (p&lt;0.001). In the control group these changes are less expressed for FEV1 (%) from 56.2±1.72 to 78.5±2.18 (p&lt;0.001). PEF l/sec – (from 195.0±6.75 to 320.0±12.50 (p&lt;0.01)). The histamine level decrease (ng/ml) in the main group was reliable – from 4.29±0.52 to 1.40±0.3 (p&lt;0.5). In the control group – from 3.00±0.33 to 2.82±0.31 (there is no veracious data). Change of the total IgE level in serum: veracious decrease from 487.2 to 367.8 in the main group, no veracious decrease in the control group. Conclusions: the use of combined therapy with antihistamines and antileukotriene drugs in patients with pollinosis gives a good clinical effect, which is confirmed by a veracious decrease of histamine and total IgE levels in blood serum, as well as by veracious improvement in FEV1 and PEF

Ожидаемые последствия инвестиций в охрану окружающей среды для доли рынка нефтяной компании

Вивчено можливість використання інвестицій в охорону навколишнього середовища в якості стратегії нафтової компанії з метою збільшення її частки ринку. Числові дані інвестицій в охорону навколишнього середовища та курсова вартість акцій на ринку нафти проаналізовані за допомогою економетричного методу, після чого проведено комп’ютерне моделювання з використанням методу системної динаміки. Річні дані за 2003-2011 роки отримані з відкритих інформаційних джерел 12 основних нафтових компаній з 8 країн, і стосуються їхнього чистого прибутку, курсової вартості акцій, інвестицій в охорону навколишнього середовища, соціальних інвестицій, кількості атмосферних викидів 4 видів, а також об’єму вилитої у світовий океан нафти. На підставі результатів дослідження було встановлено, що певна міра інвестицій в охорону довкілля може збільшити частку ринку компанії, а також, що існує можливість здійснювати стратегічні інвестиції в охорону навколишнього середовища і збільшувати при цьому частку ринку.This research is aimed at examining a possibility of using environmental investment as an oil company’s strategy for increasing its market share. The numeric data of environmental investment and share price in oil market are analyzed with the method of econometrics [1], and then the computer simulation is carried out with the method of system dynamics [2]. Yearly data are collected between 2003 and 2011 from open information sources of 12 major oil companies in 8 countries, on their net incomes, share prices, environmental investments, social investments, the emitted amounts of 4 types of air pollutions, and the volumes of spilled oil into the oceans. Upon the results of the investigations, it is found that there is a possibility that a certain degree of environmental investment may increase the market share of a company; and, there is a possibility for strategic environmental investment, while still increasing the market share.Изучена возможность использования инвестиций в охрану окружающей среды в качестве стратегии нефтяной компании для увеличения ее доли рынка. Числовые данные инвестиций в охрану окружающей среды и курсовая стоимость акций на рынке нефти проанализированы с помощью эконометрического метода, после чего проведено компьютерное моделирование с использованием метода системной динамики. Годовые данные за 2003-2011 годы получены из открытых информационных источников 12 основных нефтяных компаний из 8 стран, и касаются чистой прибыли, курсовой стоимости акций, инвестиций в охрану окружающей среды, социальных инвестиций, количества атмосферных выбросов 4 видов, а также объема нефти, вылитой в мировой океан. На основании результатов исследования установлено, что определенная мера инвестиций в охрану окружающей среды может увеличить долю рынка компании, а также, что существует возможность осуществлять стратегические инвестиции в охрану окружающей среды, увеличивая при этом долю рынка