3 research outputs found

    ํ™•์‚ฐ ์ŠคํŽ™ํด ๋Œ€๋น„๋ถ„์„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ƒ์ฒด ๋‚ด ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ์ธก์ •

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    Stable circulation is essential for healthy life. In contrast, circulatory disturbance could cause cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and cardiac death. Recently, statistical data showed that 25 % of cause of death in Korea is related to circulatory system. The blood flow detection in early stage is essential for prevention of the cardiovascular disease. To diagnose these kinds of diseases which is originated from circulatory disturbance, blood flow measurement system requires frequent inspection, non-invasive measurement, and high data acquisition speed. Previous studies on blood flow measurement such as implantable arterial blood flow sensor and ultrasound imaging have been reported. However, these inspection methods are invasive or inefficient. Here, we suggest diffuse speckle contrast analysis (DSCA) system which performs non-invasive estimation for the blood flow, which is dependent on the correlation of speckle pattern caused by the blood flow. DSCA system could offer simple data analysis, flexibility, and fast measurement speed compared to previous studies. Since the DSCA system could achieve 1 Hz data acquisition rate and deep blood flow measurement, in-vivo experiments are available in human skin, chick embryo, erectile dysfunction, and ischemic stroke rat brain. Results show the validation of the DSCA system by various experiments with phantom, human skin, chick embryo, erectile dysfunction, and rat brain. In the phantom experiment, the DSCA system shows almost linear correlation between the blood flow index and the induced Intralipid flow. In the chick embryo experiment, comparative experiment between healthy embryo and weakened embryo prove that DSCA system could detect a vital sign of embryo. The blood flow index of healthy embryo is much higher than weakened embryo. The stroke rat brain experiment shows that infarct area has less blood flow index than contralateral area. Erectile dysfunction and human arm experiments indicate the effectiveness of the measurement system by measuring real-time change of blood flow index caused by stimulation or pressure, respectively. With various data analyses and configurations, the performance of DSCA system was evaluated on various samples and proved effectiveness of the DSCA system for blood flow measurement. From this study, the DSCA system could secure in-vivo measurement of blood flow in deep tissues. In future work, the DSCA system will be useful in medical diagnostic device. โ“’ 2016 DGIST1. Introduction 1-- 1.1 Study Background 1-- 1.2 Previous Studies 2-- 1.3 Study Purpose 3-- 2. Diffuse Speckle Contrast Analysis (DSCA) 4-- 2.1 Theory 4-- 2.2 Data analysis 6-- 2.3 Configuration 8-- 3. Implementation of DSCA 12-- 3.1 Implementation 12-- 3.3.1 Lens based DSCA 12-- 3.3.2 Fiber-optic based DSCA 13-- 3.2 Performance evaluation 16-- 3.3 in-vivo applications 18-- 3.3.1 Human arm 18-- 3.3.2 Chick embryo 21-- 3.3.3 Erectile dysfuncton 32-- 3.3.4 Stroke rat brain 35-- 4. Discussion and Conclusion 38-- REFERENCES 40ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜ ๊ด€๋ฅ˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ์†Œ์ˆœํ™˜์€ ์ธ์ฒด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜์—ญํ•™์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ Laser Doppler Flowmetry, MRI, Arterial Spin Labeling ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋œ ์žฅ๋น„๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ€์ด๋ฉฐ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊นŠ์€ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™•์‚ฐ ์ŠคํŽ™ํด ๋Œ€๋น„ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ (DSCA)๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. DSCA ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์žฅ์น˜๋Š” Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS) ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹คํ—˜์  ๋ถ„์„์€ Laser Speckle Contrast Analysis (LSCA) ์™€ ํก์‚ฌํ•˜๋‹ค. DCS ๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด ๋ฐ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋„์˜ ๋ณด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ€์ธ ๋‹จ์ ์ด์žˆ๋‹ค. LSCA ๋Š” ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์ธต์˜ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊นŠ์€ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์œ„ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ์žฅ์ ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์šฐ์„ , dry phantom ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ๋™ ์†๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํ™•์‚ฐ ์ŠคํŽ™ํด ๋Œ€๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์œ ๋™์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™•์‚ฐ ์ŠคํŽ™ํด ๋Œ€๋น„์™€ ์œ ๋™์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ ์ŠคํŽ™ํด ๋Œ€๋น„๋Š” ํ™•์—ฐํžˆ ์ฐจ์ด ๋‚จ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ฃผ์‚ฌ๊ธฐํŽŒํ”„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์œ ๋™์†๋„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ŠคํŒฉํด ๋Œ€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์„ ํ˜•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ด‘์›๊ณผ ๊ฒ€์ถœ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ์œ ๋™์„ ์ธก์ • ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. Dry phantom ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋๋‚ธ ๋’ค, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒ์ฒด ์‹คํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŒ”, ๋‹ญ ๋ฐฐ์•„, ๋‚จ์„ฑ ์„ฑ๊ธฐ, ๋‡Œ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰ ๋ชจ๋ธ ์ฅ ๋‡Œ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ํŒ” ์‹คํ—˜์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ํ˜ˆ์••๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ํŒ”์˜ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ๋ง‰๊ณ  ํ’€์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜์ง€ํ‘œ(blood flow index, BFI)๊ฐ€ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์ƒ์‘ํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‹ญ ๋ฐฐ์•„ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๊ฒ€์ถœ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ™”๊ธฐ์— ๋„ฃ๊ธฐ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ถ€ํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ • ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ, ๋ฐฐ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‚จ์„ฑ ์„ฑ๊ธฐ ์‹คํ—˜์€ ๋ฐœ๊ธฐ๋ถ€์ „์„ ๊ฒ€์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹คํ—˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์„ฑ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋‡Œ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰ ๋ชจ๋ธ ์ฅ ๋‡Œ ์‹คํ—˜์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰๋ถ€์œ„์ธ ์ขŒ๋‡Œ์™€ ์šฐ๋‡Œ์˜ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰๋ถ€์œ„์—์„œ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜์ง€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฒ€์ฆ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ™•์‚ฐ ์ŠคํŽ™ํด ๋Œ€๋น„ ๋ถ„์„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ˜ˆ๋ฅ˜์—ญํ•™์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ณธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ์ข… ์งˆํ™˜ ์ง„๋‹จ์— ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค. โ“’ 2016 DGISTMasterdCollectio

    A fiber optic probe coupled low-cost CMOS-camera-based system for simultaneous measurement of oxy-, deoxyhemoglobin, and blood flow

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    Appropriate oxygen supply and blood flow are important in coordination of body functions and maintaining a life. To measure both oxygen supply and blood flow simultaneously, we developed a system that combined near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and diffuse speckle contrast analysis (DSCA). Our system is more cost effective and compact than such combined systems as diffuse correlation spectroscopy(DCS)-NIRS or DCS flow oximeter, and also offers the same quantitative information. In this article, we present the configuration of DSCA-NIRS and preliminary data from an arm cuff occlusion and a repeated gripping exercise. With further investigation, we believe that DSCA-NIRS can be a useful tool for the field of neuroscience, muscle physiology and metabolic diseases such as diabetes. ยฉ 2015 SPIE

    Toward Long-Term Stable and Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells via Effective Charge Transporting Materials

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