SOME NOTES ON KENMOTSU MANIFOLD

In the present paper, we deal with a Kenmotsu manifold $M$. Firstly, we study the notion of torse-forming vector field on such a manifold. Then, we investigate some curvature conditions such as $Q.\mathcal{M}=0$ and $C.Q=0$ on such a manifold and obtain some necessary conditions for such a manifold given as to be Einstein and $\eta-$Einstein. Also, we study a Kenmotsu manifold $M$ admitting a Ricci soliton and give an example for this manifold

A Comparison of Epidural Anesthesia and Lumbar Plexus-Sciatic Nerve Blocks for Knee Surgery

OBJECTIVES: The efficacy of combined lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve blocks was compared to epidural anesthesia in patients undergoing total knee surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 80 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status I-III patients (age range 18 to 65) undergoing knee surgery. The patients were randomly divided into one of two groups. Epidural anesthesia was performed in the epidural anesthesia (EA) group (n=40), and the lumbar plexus and sciatic nerves were blockedin the lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve blocks (LPSB) group (n=40). For each patient, onset of sensory and motor block, degree of motor block, sign of sensory block in the contralateral lower limb for the lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve blocks group, success in providing adequate anesthesia, hemodynamic changes, time of first analgesic request, and patient and surgeon satisfaction with the anesthetic technique were recorded. RESULTS: One patient in the epidural anesthesia group and three patients in the lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve blocks group required general anesthesia due to failed block. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the success of providing adequate anesthesia. Eight patients in the lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve blocks group developed contralateral spread. The onset of sensory-motor block and the time of the first analgesic request were significantly later in the lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve blocks group than in the epidural anesthesia group. Although there were no significant differences regarding patient satisfaction with the anesthetic technique between the two groups, surgeon satisfaction was significantly higher in the lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve blocks group than in the epidural anesthesia group. CONCLUSION: The lumbar plexus -sciatic nerve blocks provide effective unilateral anesthesia and may offer a beneficial alternative to epidural anesthesia in patients undergoing total knee surgery

Correlation of [18F]FDG PET activity with expressions of Ki-67 in non-small-cell lung cancer

Background: Lung carcinoma is the most commonly diagnosed cancer throughout the world and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for up to 80% of newly diagnosed lung cancer cases. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Ki-67 proliferation index (PI) and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) obtained from [18F]FDG PET/CT in NSCLCs and whether prognosis was predicted with SUVmax values.Material and methods: This retrospective study included biopsy and resection materials of 41 patients, who were examined in the pathology laboratory of Konya Training and Research Hospital between January 2010 and December 2019, and diagnosed with NSCLC, and whose [18F]FDG PET/CT images were present.Results: There was no significant difference between histopathological subtypes in terms of age (p = 0.077), Ki-67 PI (p = 0.454), and SUVmax (p = 0.143). No correlation was observed between Ki-67 PI and SUVmax values obtained from [18F]FDG PET/CT (p = 0.338, r = 0.153). There was no significant correlation between Ki-67 PI and tumor diameter (p = 0.531). The SUVmax value was found to be lower (12.78 ± 6.14) in tumors measuring ≤ 2.5 in diameter and higher (18.46 ± 7.81) in tumors measuring > 2.5 cm (p = 0.027). Metastases not proven histopathologically but detected in [18F]FDG PET/CT were found to have no significant correlation with Ki-67 and SUVmax values (p = 0.881, p = 0.837).Conclusions: This study showed that there was no significant relationship between Ki-67 PI and SUVmax value obtained from [18F]FDG PET/CT in NSCLC tumors

Higher serum lipids and oxidative stress in patients with normal tension glaucoma, but not pseudoexfoliative glaucoma

This study entailed a cross-examination of oxidant/antioxidant balance, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-linked paraoxonase 1 (PON1) phenotypes, and levels of serum routine lipids among patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) or pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEXG) compared with healthy control groups. We aimed to investigate the links between oxidative stress (OS), HDL-related antioxidant enzyme activities and dyslipidemia in distinct subtypes of glaucoma. The study included 32 patients with NTG, 31 patients with PEXG, and 40 control subjects. Levels of PON1 and arylesterase enzymatic activity, total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status were measured by spectrophotometry and OS indexes (OSI) were calculated. The phenotype distribution of PON1 was determined using the dual substrate method. Blood serum levels of HDL, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were measured. The TOS and OSI values in the NTG group were significantly higher compared with the other groups (both p < 0.01). The phenotype distribution found in the glaucoma and control groups were NTG: QQ, 59.4%; QR, 37.5%; RR, 3.1%; PEXG: QQ, 45.1%; QR, 48.4%; RR, 6.5%; and in the control group: QQ, 42.5%; QR, 50.0%; RR, 7.5%. Serum TC levels were significantly higher than the control in both NTG and PEXG groups, whereas TG was significantly higher in NTG only (p < 0.01 and p < 0.02, respectively). Hyperlipidemia, OS and variations in phenotype distribution of PON1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of different types of glaucoma

Thinking Styles of Preschool Teacher Candidates

The main objective of this study is to determine the relationship between the empathic tendency levels and thinking styles of preschool teacher candidates. In this study that was patterned with the relational survey model, the data were collected through the use of the personal information form, empathic tendency scale developed by Dkmen (1988) and the thinking styles inventory which was developed by Sternberg and Wagner (1992) in accordance with the Mental Self-Management Theory and was both shortened and adapted into Turkish by Bulus (2006). The sample group of the study consisted of 209 teacher candidates who were selected through the suitable sampling method from Pamukkale University Faculty of Education Department of Primary Education and Preschool Education in the school year of 2014-2015. "Ninety percent" of the teacher candidates who participated in the study were female (n=188) and 10% were male (n=21). The data acquired in the study were analyzed by using the statistical methods of percentage, frequency, arithmetic mean, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient and Linear Regression with the help of the SPSS package software. As a result of the study, the empathic tendency levels of preschool education teacher candidates were presented as a mean value (X = 0.50) and it was concluded that variables like gender, class levels and age did not significantly affect the empathic tendency level. Regarding the thinking styles, on the other hand, it was determined that they mainly preferred the legislative and executive styles and merely the conservative style. It was also determined that some subscales of thinking styles significantly differentiated according to gender, class levels, and age. Furthermore, statistically significant correlations were obtained in some subscales of empathic tendency and thinking styles. Accordingly, the acquired results were discussed with the results of other studies in literature and some recommendations were made

Variations of type IV collagen-encoding genes in patients with histological diagnosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), an important cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), covers a spectrum of clinicopathological syndromes sharing a common glomerular lesion, based on an injury of podocytes caused by diverse insults to glomeruli. Although it is well expressed in many reports that the term FSGS is not useful and applicable to a single disease, particularly in genetic studies, FSGS continues to be used as a single clinical diagnosis. Distinguishing genetic forms of FSGS is important for the treatment and overall prognosis because secondary forms of FSGS, produced by rare pathogenic variations in podocyte genes, are not good candidates for immunosuppressive treatment. Over the past decade, several next generation sequencing (NGS) methods have been used to investigate the patients with steroid resistance nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) or FSGS. Pathogenic variants in COL4A3, COL4A4, or COL4A5 genes have been frequently identified in patients with histologic diagnosis of FSGS. The contribution of these mostly heterozygous genetic variations in FSGS pathogenesis and the clinical course of patients with these variations have not been well characterized. This review emphasizes the importance of appropriate approach in selection and diagnosis of cases and interpretation of the genetic data in these studies and suggests a detailed review of existing clinical variant databases using newly available population genetic data

Screen Generic Lightlike Submanifolds

WOS: 000477611600001In this study, we introduce a new class of lightlike submanifolds for indefinite Kahler manifolds which particulary contain invariant lightlike, screen real lightlike and generic lightlike submanifolds and we call this submanifolds as screen generic lightlike submanifolds. After giving an example of a screen generic lightlike submanifold, we investigate the integrability of various distributions and prove a characterization theorem of such lightlike submanifolds in a complex space form. Then we find necessary conditions for the induced connection to be metric connection. Moreover, we investigate the existence of totally umbilical screen generic lightlike submanifolds and minimal screen generic lightlike submanifolds

Screen Transversal Cauchy Riemann Lightlike Submanifolds

WOS:000600791000012We introduce a new class of lightlike submanifolds, namely, Screen Transversal Cauchy Riemann (STCR)-lightlike submanifolds, of indefinite Kahler manifolds. We show that this new class is an umbrella of screen transversal lightlike, screen transversal totally real lightlike and CR-lightlike submanifolds. We give a few examples of a STCR lightlike submanifold, investigate the integrability of various distributions, obtain a characterization of such lightlike submanifolds in a complex space form and find new conditions for the induced connection to be a metric connection. Moreover, we investigate the existence of totally umbilical (STCR)-lightlike submanifolds and minimal (STCR)-lightlike submanifolds. The paper also contains several examples

Chen Inequalities on Lightlike Hypersurface of a Lorentzian Manifold with Semi-Symmetric Metric Connection

WOS: 000412878500001In this paper, we introduce k-Ricci curvature and k-scalar curvature on lightlike hypersurface of a Lorentzian manifold with semi-symmetric metric connection. Using this curvatures, we establish some inequalities for lightlike hypersurface of a Lorentzian manifold with semi-symmetric metric connection. Considering these inequalities, we obtain the relation between Ricci curvature and scalar curvature endowed with semi-symmetric metric connection