773 research outputs found
Compositional closure for Bayes Risk in probabilistic noninterference
We give a sequential model for noninterference security including probability
(but not demonic choice), thus supporting reasoning about the likelihood that
high-security values might be revealed by observations of low-security
activity. Our novel methodological contribution is the definition of a
refinement order and its use to compare security measures between
specifications and (their supposed) implementations. This contrasts with the
more common practice of evaluating the security of individual programs in
isolation.
The appropriateness of our model and order is supported by our showing that
our refinement order is the greatest compositional relation --the compositional
closure-- with respect to our semantics and an "elementary" order based on
Bayes Risk --- a security measure already in widespread use. We also relate
refinement to other measures such as Shannon Entropy.
By applying the approach to a non-trivial example, the anonymous-majority
Three-Judges protocol, we demonstrate by example that correctness arguments can
be simplified by the sort of layered developments --through levels of
increasing detail-- that are allowed and encouraged by compositional semantics
Anomalous Single Production of the Fourth Generation Neutrino at Future ep Colliders
Possible single productions of the fourth standard model generation neutrino
via anomalous interactions at the future ep colliders are studied. Signatures
of such anomalous processes and backgrounds are discussed in detail. Discovery
limits for neutrino mass and achievable values of anomalous coupling strength
are determined.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, 5 table
Transient elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis of a novel metal-on-metal hip prosthesis with a non-spherical femoral bearing surface
Effective lubrication performance of metal-on-metal hip implants only requires optimum conformity within the main loaded area, while it is advantageous to increase the clearance in the equatorial region. Such a varying clearance can be achieved by using non-spherical bearing surfaces for either acetabular or femoral components. An elastohydrodynamic lubrication model of a novel metal-on-metal hip prosthesis using a non-spherical femoral bearing surface against a spherical cup was solved under loading and motion conditions specified by ISO standard. A full numerical methodology of considering the geometric variation in the rotating non-spherical head in elastohydrodynamic lubrication solution was presented, which is applicable to all non-spherical head designs. The lubrication performance of a hip prosthesis using a specific non-spherical femoral head, Alpharabola, was analysed and compared with those of spherical bearing surfaces and a non-spherical Alpharabola cup investigated in previous studies. The sensitivity of the lubrication performance to the anteversion angle of the Alpharabola head was also investigated. Results showed that the non-spherical head introduced a large squeeze-film action and also led to a large variation in clearance within the loaded area. With the same equatorial clearance, the lubrication performance of the metal-on-metal hip prosthesis using an Alpharabola head was better than that of the conventional spherical bearings but worse than that of the metal-on-metal hip prosthesis using an Alpharabola cup. The reduction in the lubrication performance caused by the initial anteversion angle of the non-spherical head was small, compared with the improvement resulted from the non-spherical geometry
Reducing the communication complexity with quantum entanglement
We propose a probabilistic two-party communication complexity scenario with a
prior nonmaximally entangled state, which results in less communication than
that is required with only classical random correlations. A simple all-optical
implementation of this protocol is presented and demonstrates our conclusion.Comment: 4 Pages, 2 Figure
The productions of the top-pions and top-Higgs associated with the charm quark at the hadron colliders
In the topcolor-assistant technicolor (TC2) model, the typical physical
particles, top-pions and top-Higgs, are predicted and the existence of these
particles could be regarded as the robust evidence of the model. These
particles are accessible at the Tevatron and LHC, and furthermore the
flavor-changing(FC) feature of the TC2 model can provide us a unique chance to
probe them. In this paper, we study some interesting FC production processes of
top-pions and top-Higgs at the Tevatron and LHC, i.e., and
productions. We find that the light charged top-pions
are not favorable by the Tevatron experiments and the Tevatron has a little
capability to probe neutral top-pion and top-Higgs via these FC production
processes. At the LHC, however, the cross section can reach the level of
pb for production and fb for
production. So one can expect that enough signals could be
produced at the LHC experiments. Furthermore, the SM background should be clean
due to the FC feature of the processes and the FC decay modes can provide us the typical signal to
detect the top-pions and top-Higgs. Therefore, it is hopeful to find the signal
of top-pions and top-Higgs with the running of the LHC via these FC processes.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
Probing the unparticle signal in penguin processes
We investigate the effect of unparticles in the pure penguin
processes and . Since
these processes receive dominant contributions due to the {\it top} quark in
the loop, direct and mixing-induced CP asymmetry parameters in these processes
are expected to be vanishingly small in the standard model. We find that due to
the unparticle effect sizable nonzero CP violation could be possible in these
channels.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, version to appear in Phys. Lett.
A complete 3D numerical study of the effects of pseudoscalar-photon mixing on quasar polarizations
We present the results of three-dimensional simulations of quasar
polarizations in the presence of pseudoscalar-photon mixing in the
intergalactic medium. The intergalactic magnetic field is assumed to be
uncorrelated in wave vector space but correlated in real space. Such a field
may be obtained if its origin is primordial. Furthermore we assume that the
quasars, located at cosmological distances, have negligible initial
polarization. In the presence of pseudoscalar-photon mixing we show, through a
direct comparison with observations, that this may explain the observed large
scale alignments in quasar polarizations within the framework of big bang
cosmology. We find that the simulation results give a reasonably good fit to
the observed data.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, significant changes, to appear in EPJ
New precise determination of the \tau lepton mass at KEDR detector
The status of the experiment on the precise lepton mass measurement
running at the VEPP-4M collider with the KEDR detector is reported. The mass
value is evaluated from the cross section behaviour around the
production threshold. The preliminary result based on 6.7 pb of data is
MeV. Using 0.8 pb of data
collected at the peak the preliminary result is also obtained:
eV.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures; The 9th International Workshop on Tau-Lepton
Physics, Tau0
The ARGO-YBJ Experiment Progresses and Future Extension
Gamma ray source detection above 30TeV is an encouraging approach for finding
galactic cosmic ray origins. All sky survey for gamma ray sources using wide
field of view detector is essential for population accumulation for various
types of sources above 100GeV. To target the goals, the ARGO-YBJ experiment has
been established. Significant progresses have been made in the experiment. A
large air shower detector array in an area of 1km2 is proposed to boost the
sensitivity. Hybrid detection with multi-techniques will allow a good
discrimination between different types of primary particles, including photons
and protons, thus enable an energy spectrum measurement for individual specie.
Fluorescence light detector array will extend the spectrum measurement above
100PeV where the second knee is located. An energy scale determined by balloon
experiments at 10TeV will be propagated to ultra high energy cosmic ray
experiments
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