Kefungsian keluarga dan pengherotan kognitif dalam kalangan belia di Institut Kemahiran Belia Negara (IKBN) Malaysia

Selaras dengan hasrat Kementerian Belia dan Sukan (KBS) untuk membangunkan belia yang bersatu padu, berdisplin, dan berakhlak tinggi, beberapa usaha telah diambil oleh pihak Institut Kemahiran Belia Negara (IKBN) untuk membantu melahirkan belia mahir yang berakhlak dan berwawasan. Kajian ini memfokuskan terhadap faktor psikologi dan tahap kesihatan mental dalam usaha membentuk belia yang produktif. Justeru, kajian ini berusaha untuk mengenalpasti tahap kefungsian keluarga dan penyimpangan kognitif dalam kalangan pelajar IKBN di Malaysia. Sebanyak 1200 orang pelajar telah terlibat dalam kajian ini. Instrumen Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales III (FACES III) digunakan untuk mengukur kefungsian keluarga, dan Cognitive Distortion Scale (CDS) pula bagi mengukur penyimpangan kognitif. Keputusan kajian mendapati tahap kefungsian keluarga responden adalah sederhana, manakala tahap penyimpangan kognitif responden pula adalah rendah. Dapatan juga menunjukkan bahawa aspek kefungsian keluarga yang baik dapat mencegah masalah penyimpangan kognitif belia. Implikasi kajian ini dapat menyumbang terhadap usaha pembangunan belia oleh pihak IKBN dan pihak KBS di Malaysia

Cell Wall Enzymes Activities and Quality of Calcium Treated Fresh-cut Red Flesh Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus)

This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of post-cut application of CaCl2 on activity of polygalacturonase (PG) and pectin methylesterase (PME) and quality of fresh-cut dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus). Fruit slices were prepared from fully matured fruits before being dipped into three levels of calcium concentration (CaCl2: 0, 2.5 & 7.5 g L-1) at four durations of dipping (0, 4, 8 & 12 min). The activities of PG and PME enzymes of fruits extract were lower when treated with high concentration of CaCl2 for a longer duration of dipping. The Ca treatment did not cause any marked effects on colour, pH, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid content. Soluble solids content and Ca content in cut fruit were affected by duration of dipping. The firmness of fruit slices treated at the highest CaCl2 concentration (7.5 g L-1) increased at the beginning of the treatment but reduced as the durations of dipping were extended to 8 and 12 min. Lack of a linear increase in tissue firmness of fresh-cut dragon fruit in response to high concentrations of CaCl2 post-cut application showed that treatment should be administered with a great care to appropriate concentration of CaCl2 duration of exposure are applied

[Isqat Tadbir al-'Uyub Approach in Strengthening Women’s Self-Resilience] Pendekatan Isqat Tadbir al-'Uyub dalam Memperkasakan Ketahanan Diri Wanita

In an effort to develop current generations who are competitive and have self-resilience in this era of globalization, The Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (2019) wished  to develop women who possess knowledge and vision, creativity, innovation and acknowledging noble values. The government's efforts indirectly showed the importance of self-resilience in facing various types of current challenges. There are studies which show that there are differences in the level of self-resilience among women. However, this aspect of self-resilience can be trained and learned. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and propose its solution through Isqat Tadbir Al-’Uyub approach in strengthening women’s self-resilience to avoid stress and psychological problems due to lack of understanding toward the teachings of the Quran.  To address the questions and objectives of this study, a qualitative approach using documents analysis was applied. This study methode is based on library research by analyzing the book of turath. This study found that the Isqat Tadbir Al-’Uyub approach is able to contribute in developing women with self-resilience who are then able to contribute in development of family, community and the country. Dalam usaha membangunkan generasi masa kini yang berdaya saing dan mempunyai ketahanan diri di era globalisasi ini, Kementerian Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat (2019) berusaha untuk melahirkan wanita yang berilmu dan berwawasan, mempunyai daya kreativiti, dan inovasi serta menghayati nilai-nilai murni. Rentetan daripada usaha kerajaan tersebut secara tidak langsung memperlihatkan kepentingan aspek ketahanan diri dalam berhadapan dengan pelbagai cabaran semasa. Terdapat kajian yang menunjukkan wujud pebezaan tahap ketahanan diri dalam kalangan wanita. Namun, aspek ketahanan diri ini boleh diasah dan dipelajari. Justeru, kertas kerja ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan mencadangkan penyelesaiannya menerusi pendekatan Isqat Tadbir Al-’Uyub dalam memperkasakan ketahanan diri wanita agar terhindar dari tekanan dan masalah jiwa akibat dari kurangnya pemahaman tentang ajaran al-Quran. Bagi menjawab persoalan dan tujuan kajian, reka bentuk pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan analisis dokumen diaplikasikan dalam kajian ini. Metod kajian ini berdasarkan kajian perpustakaan dengan menganalisis kitab turath. Kajian ini mendapati pendekatan Isqat Tadbir Al-’Uyub mampu menyumbang dalam membangunkan golongan wanita yang berdaya tahan seterusnya berupaya memberi sumbangan dalam konteks pembangunan keluarga, masyarakat, dan Negara

Surface water treatment by using biosand filter and hibiscus rosa sinensis leaves as heavy metal adsorption in Kangkar Senangar’s River, Johor

Water is our most precious natural resource. In this case study which is in the Kangkar Senangar Johor, many rural communities also drink surface water which does not meet the required quality standards, causing serious health problems. From the interview with the Village Head, they also didn’t have enough source of water supply. They only use groundwater as their water source to complete daily life task. Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis (HRS) leaves, as one of the well-known plant agricultural waste, a natural adsorbent, to remove iron (Fe) from aqueous solution by adsorption was investigated. In the present study, the potential adsorption of heavy metal was tested by different amount of adsorbent dosages as the factor affecting adsorption. Characterization of adsorbent was done by the means FTIR analysis to observe for the functional groups available on the adsorbent. Sorption was most efficient by using 0.60g of dosage with 200ml of water sample that taken from Kangkar Senangar’s river at contact time of 20 minutes. After adsorption, the water sample will be treating by Biosand Filtration (BSF). The function of BSF is to reduce the turbidity, changes of the colour of water sample, increase the pH and dissolved oxygen. The BSF will filter all the suspended matter in the water sample after adsorption.. Based on the result produced, the hypothesis was achieved. Overall, the highest adsorption of Fe by HRS leaves was 85.62% which when the 0.80g of adsorbent was added during week 2. In conclusion, the result showed that the average adsorption of Fe in each week achieved in a range of 70 to 80%. This proved that Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis leaves was an effective natural sorbent

Antifungal activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles mediated by neem leaf extract against aspergillus sp.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted considerable attraction as excellent antifungal agents against various pathogens. In the present study, AgNPs were biosynthesized using neem leaf aqueous extract, and their antifungal properties were evaluated against Aspergillus sp. The formation of newly synthesized AgNPs was confirmed through visual observation by a change in the color of the solution, followed by an analysis of their surface plasmon resonance via UV-vis spectrophotometer. Further characterization of its crystalline nature and morphology structure was assessed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field-emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), respectively. The result revealed that the synthesized AgNPs showed UV-vis spectra peak around 421 nm, are crystalline in nature, and have a spherical morphology with an average size of 20.13 ± 3.3 nm in diameter. Furthermore, these AgNPs exhibit excellent antifungal activity against the waterborne pathogen Aspergillus sp. on agar well diffusion assay with a maximum 26.54 ± 1.23 mm zone of inhibition. FESEM image revealed hyphal damage and deformation of fungus when treated with AgNPs, causing retardation of fungus growth for further reproduction. The results suggested that this biosynthesis AgNPs from neem leaf extract has great potential as an alternative antifungal agent for use in water treatment

Kefungsian keluarga dan ketahanan diri pelajar sekolah menengah kebangsaan harian

Selaras dengan hasrat kerajaan untuk membangunkan generasi yang mempunyai gaya hidup sihat dan sejahtera, pelbagai usaha telah diambil oleh pihak sekolah untuk membantu melahirkan pelajar yang cerdas, cergas, berakhlak, dan berwawasan, antaranya dengan memfokuskan terhadap faktor psikologi dalam usaha membentuk pelajar yang berdaya tahan.Justeru, kajian ini berusaha untuk mengenal pasti tahap kefungsian keluarga dan ketahanan diri dalam kalangan pelajar.Sebanyak 376 orang pelajar Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Harian di Zon Utaratelah terlibat dalam kajian ini. Instrumen Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales III (FACES III) digunakan untuk mengukur kefungsian keluarga, dan Resilient Scale (RS) pula bagi mengukur ketahanan diri. Keputusan kajian mendapati tahap kefungsian keluarga responden adalah sederhana, manakala tahap ketahanan diri responden pula adalah tinggi. Dapatan juga menunjukkan bahawa aspek kefungsian keluarga yang baik dapat meningkatkan ketahanan diri belia.Implikasi kajian ini dapat menyumbang terhadap usaha pembangunan pelajar oleh pihak sekolah, kerajaan, serta masayarakat

Polygalacturonase and pectin methylesterase activities of CaCl2 treated red-fleshed dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) harvested at different maturity

Fruits harvested at different maturity possess different biochemical constituents and physiological properties that make the fruits may react somewhat differently to the postharvest treatment. A study to examine the activity of Polygalacturonase (PG) and Pectin Methylesterase (PME) enzymes during storage in dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) harvested at 28 days (Index 3) and 34 days (Index 5) after anthesis and postharvest treated with 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 g L-1 CaCl2 was performed. The PG activity was lower in younger fruit and vice-versa for PME activity. Increasing concentration of CaCl2 effectively reduced the activity of both enzymes. PG activity for fruit treated with 0, 5 and 7.5 g L-1 CaCl2 increased linearly with the time of storage while its activity for the fruit treated with 2.5 g L-1 CaCl2 was lower at the beginning of storage. PG activity of Index 5 fruits increased almost linearly during storage while its activity in Index 3 fruits was low at the early days of storage and later continued to increase until day seven. At both maturity indices, the PME activity was low at the early days of storage and later continued to increase until day seven. Overall, results obtained indicated that CaCl2 postharvest treatment reduced both PME and PG activities thus slowing down the softening process giving an evident that calcium possess a distinguishable role in the reducing softening of fruit, regardless of maturity index

Kokurikulum dan penjajaran konstruktif di sekolah

Buku ini menyentuh aspek kokurikulum dalam pendidikan.Konsep kokurikulum, kepentingan, dan dasar pelaksanaanya turut dibincangkan di samping memberi perhatian kepada dasar-dasar sokongan dalam pelaksanaanya di sekolah. Seterusnya, untuk melihat secara lebih dekat berkaitan aspek kokurikulum yang dikaitkan dengan aktiviti pembelajaran di sekolah, penulis mengetengahkan teori pembelajaran konstruktif dan model pembelajaran berasaskan pengalaman yang diaplikasikan menerusi aktiviti kokurikulum di sekolah.Struktur organisasi kokurikulum, teori konstruktif sosial, pembelajaran konstruktif sosial melalui gerak kerja, dan aplikasi model pembelajaran berasaskan pengalaman terhadap aktiviti kokurikulum turut dibincangkan. Diharapkan monograf ini sedikit sebanyak dapat membantu para pembaca khususnya pihak sekolah, pelajar, ibu bapa dan masyarakat untuk lebih memahami kepentingan kokurikulum yang merupakan pendekatan penting bagi membangunkan pelajar yang seimbang dan cemerlang dalam pelbagai aspek