Failure Detection of High-Strength Tendons in Prestressed Concrete Bridges by AE

Three types of beams post-tensioned by steel bar, strand, and parallel wire cable with three different grout conditions (unbonded, partially grouted and fully grouted) were tested in a laboratory.  Failure was introduced by artificial corrosion, charging anodic current to tendons.  It is found that acoustic emission (AE) signals with extremely high amplitudes are generated by ruptures of high-strength tendons.  Detectability of failure is demonstrated to be 82-86%.  Then, continuous AE monitoring was carried out in two highway bridges in service.  The analysis of detected AE signals proves that meaningful AE events due to tendon failure are clearly discriminated from other signalsof traffic noises and hammering

Development of SSR Markers for Variety Identification in Italian Ryegrass (\u3cem\u3eLolium Multiflorum\u3c/em\u3e Lam.)

Italian ryegrass (IRG, Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is one of the most important cool-season forage grasses in the world, and is the most widely cultivated annual forage grass in Japan. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have the advantages of being PCR-based, multiallelic and possessing high levels of polymorphism. They are very suitable for variety identification, especially for out-crossing species including IRG. The objective of this study was the development of SSR markers for variety identification in IRG

Isolation of SSR Markers from Zoysiagrass

The genus Zoysia consists of 16 species that are naturally distributed on sea coasts and grasslands around the Pacific. In Japan, five species of natural zoysiagrasses have been identified from southern Hokkaido to the southwest islands. Of these, Z. japonica Steud. and Z. matrella Merr. have been utilized extensively as turf in Japan and other countries in East Asia. Linkage maps based on RFLP and AFLP markers have been reported in Zoysia (Yaneshita et al., 1999, Cai et al., 2004). Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have the advantages of being PCR-based and multiallelic. They are highly polymorphic compared to other types of markers such as RFLPs and AFLPs, and are widely used in linkage map construction, gene tagging and QTL mapping. However, only few SSR markers from zoysiagrass have been reported. The objectives of this study were to develop zoysiagrass SSRs in larger numbers and to map them on to an AFLP-based linkage map

Fertilização de pupunheira para produção de palmito.

Efeito da interação Nitrogênio-Fósforo, Nitrogênio-Potássio e Fósforo-Potássio no crescimento (cm) de pupunheira, na ausência de esterco de galinha. Efeito da interação Nitrogênio-Fósforo, Nitrogênio-Potássio e Fósforo-Potássio no crescimento (cm) de pupunheira, na presença de esterco de galinha. Efeito da interação Nitrogênio-Fósforo, Nitrogênio-Potássio e Fósforo-Potássio na produção (g/parcela) de palmito de pupunha, na ausência de esterco de galinha. Efeito da interação Nitrogênio-Fósforo, Nitrogênio-Potássio e Fósforo-Potássio na produção (g/parcela) de palmito de pupunha, na presença de esterco de galinha.bitstream/item/89190/1/PA-22-Manoel-Cravo.pd

Recommendation of RILEM TC 212-ACD: acousticemission and related NDE techniques for crack detectionand damage evaluation in concrete. Measurement method for acoustic emission signals in concrete

The text presented hereafter is a draft for general consideration

Recommendation of RILEM TC 212-ACD: acousticemission and related NDE techniques for crack detectionand damage evaluation in concrete.Test method for damage qualification of reinforced concrete beams by acousticemission

The text presented hereafter is a draft for general consideration

Growth of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) seedlings transplanted in different seedling stages, substrates and substrate volumes

The Amazonas State Commission of Seeds and Seedlings established norms and standards for the production of certified seedlings, but for peach palm seedlings they are poorly defined due to lack of specific studies. The objective of this study was to investigate the development of seedlings transplanted at different seedling stages (before appearance of leaves, one leaf and two leaves), substrate type (surface soil and surface soil + chicken manure 3: 1 v: v), and substrate volume (0.5, 1 and 2 kg bags), in Manaus, AM, Brazil. The seeds were from spineless Yurimaguas, Peru, plants, collected in March 1997. The experimental design was a randomized blocks, with a 2x3x3 factorial, with four replications. The seedlings fertilized with chicken manure presented better growth in height (19 cm) than those in surface soil (8 cm) at six months. Seedlings with one leaf had greater development (15 cm), followed by seedlings without leaves (14 cm) or with two leaves (12 cm). Seedlings in bags with one (14.5 cm) and two (15 cm) kg capacities presented better growth than these in bags with 0.5 kg (11 cm). Therefore, peach palm seedlings should be transplanted at the one leaf seedling stage into bags with one kg of soil plus chicken manure.A Comissão Estadual de Sementes e Mudas do Estado do Amazonas estabeleceu normas e padrões para a produção de mudas fiscalizadas, mas esses padrões ainda são vagos para a pupunheira (Bactris gasipaes Kunth, Palmae). Visando melhorar esse padrão avaliou-se o desenvolvimento de mudas transplantadas em diferentes estádios de plântula (chifrinhos, uma folha e duas folhas), substrato (sem e com estéreo de galinha31 vv de solo superficialestéreo) e volume de substrato (0,5, 1 e 2 kg), em Manaus, AM. Foram utilizadas sementes de plantas inermes de Yurimaguas, Peru, colhidas em março de 1997. Adotou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2x3x3, com quatro repetições. As plântulas em substrato com estéreo tiveram maior crescimento em altura (19 cm) em relação às sem estéreo (8 cm) aos 6 meses, e as plântulas transplantadas no estádio de uma folha tiveram maior crescimento (15 cm), seguida de chifrinho (14 cm) e de duas folhas (12 cm). Os sacos com capacidade para 1 kg e 2 kg não diferiram no crescimento das plantas (altura 14,5 e 15,0 cm, respectivamente), superando o de 0,5 kg (11 cm). Portanto, para a produção de mudas de boa qualidade, as plântulas de pupunheira devem ser transplantadas no estádio de uma folha aberta, em sacos de um kg contendo substrato com estéreo

Damage classification in reinforced concrete beam by acoustic emission signal analysis

Acoustic Emission (AE) is a non-destructive testing technique which can be used to identify both the damage level and the nature of that damage such as tensile cracks and shear movements at critical zones within a structure. In this work, the acoustic emission parameters of amplitude, rise time, average frequency and signal strength were used to classify the damage and to determine the damage level. Laboratory experiments were performed on a beam (150 x 250 x 1900 mm). The acoustic emission analysis was successfully used to determine crack movements and classify damage levels in accordance with the observations made during an increasing loading cycle

Control over phase separation and nucleation using a laser-tweezing potential

Control over the nucleation of new phases is highly desirable but elusive. Even though there is a long history of crystallization engineering by varying physicochemical parameters, controlling which polymorph crystallizes or whether a molecule crystallizes or forms an amorphous precipitate is still a poorly understood practice. Although there are now numerous examples of control using laser-induced nucleation, the absence of physical understanding is preventing progress. Here we show that the proximity of a liquid–liquid critical point or the corresponding binodal line can be used by a laser-tweezing potential to induce concentration gradients. A simple theoretical model shows that the stored electromagnetic energy of the laser beam produces a free-energy potential that forces phase separation or triggers the nucleation of a new phase. Experiments in a liquid mixture using a low-power laser diode confirm the effect. Phase separation and nucleation using a laser-tweezing potential explains the physics behind non-photochemical laser-induced nucleation and suggests new ways of manipulating matter