Mesoscovic magnetic/semiconductor heterostructures

We report the experimental results of Fe and Fe3O4 nanostructures on GaAs(100) surfaces and hybrid Ferromagnetic/Semiconductor/Ferromagnetic (FM/SC/FM) spintronic devices. Element specific x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements have shown directly that Fe atoms on the GaAs(100)-4 x 6 surface are ferromagnetic. Within coverages of 2.5 to 4.8 ML superparamagnetic nanoclusters are formed and exhibiting strong uniaxial anisotropy, of the order of 6.0 x 10(5) erg/cm(3). The coercivities of epitaxial Fe dot arrays films grown on GaAs(100) were observed to be dependent on the separation and size of the dots indicating that interdot dipolar coupling affects the magnetization processes in these dots. In addition Fe3O4 films grown on deformed GaAs(100) substrates have been observed to form nanostripes following the topography of the substrate and magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements showed that these nanostripes have uniaxial magnetic anisotropy with easy axis perpendicular to the length of the nanostripes. Meanwhile the FM/SC/FM vertical device has exhibited a biasing current dependent on MR characteristics, with a maximum change of 12% in the MR observed, indicating for the first time a large room temperature spin injection and detection

Layanan Penguasaan Konten Berbasis Digital Game Based Learning untuk Mengurangi Burnout Belajar

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh masih ditemukan mahasiswa yang mengalami burnout belajar seperti gejala yang nampak menunda-nunda belajar, tidak memiliki semangat dalam belajar, terlihat jenuh dengan aktivitas belajar, merasa frustasi dengan tuntutan perkuliahan dan sebagainya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efektivitas layanan penguasaan konten berbasis digital game based learning untuk mengurangi burnout belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Quasi Experiment dengan rancangan One Group Pretest- Posttest Design. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa BK UNIB sebanyak 37 mahasiswa. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah skala burnout belajar dengan model Likert. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan memiliki implikasi terhadap kegiatan belajar selanjutnya dan kemajuan program studi bimbingan dan konseling UNIB. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini yaitu dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan masukan dalam mengembangkan layanan bimbingan dan konseling yang lebih menarik sesuai kebutuhan, terutama dalam layanan penguasaan konten berbasis digital game based learning dengan aplikasi kahoot untuk mengurangi burnout belajar.Abstrack: This research is motivated by the fact that students still experience learning burnout such as symptoms that seem to procrastinate in learning, do not have enthusiasm in learning, look bored with learning activities, feel frustrated with the demands of lectures, and so on. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of digital game-based learning content mastery services to reduce learning burnout. This study uses quantitative methods. This type of research is a Quasi Experiment with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The subjects of this study were BK UNIB students as many as 37 students. The research instrument used was a learning burnout scale with a Likert model. The results of this study are expected to have implications for further learning activities and the progress of the UNIB guidance and counseling study program. The results of this study imply that it can be used as input in developing more attractive guidance and counseling services as needed, especially in content mastery services based on digital game-based learning with kahoot applications to reduce learning burnou

Muscle loss following a single high-dose intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to treat disease flare in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: Adverse changes in body composition, specifically decreased muscle mass (MM) and increased fat mass, characterize rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These changes, termed rheumatoid cachexia (RC), are important contributors to the disability and elevated co-morbidity risk of RA. Recently, we observed substantial muscle loss (~2 kg) in a patient with RA following a single intramuscular (IM) corticosteroid (CS) injection to treat a disease flare. The aim of the current study is to determine whether this apparent iatrogenic effect of IM CS is typical, i.e., does this routine, recommended treatment contribute to RC? METHODS: Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in eight patients with established RA who received a 120 mg IM methylprednisolone injection to treat a disease flare. DXA scans estimated appendicular lean mass (ALM; a surrogate measure of MM), total lean mass (LM), and total and regional adiposity at baseline (injection day) and 4 weeks and 6-9 months post-injection. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. RESULTS: There was significant loss of ALM (-0.93 kg, p=0.001, 95% CI [-0.49, -1.36]) and a trend toward reduced LM (-1.10 kg, p=0.165, 95% CI [0.58, -2.79]) at 4 weeks relative to baseline. At 6-9 months despite control of inflammation and disease activity, these losses remained. CONCLUSION: Substantial muscle loss occurred in patients with RA following IM CS injection to treat a disease flare. Thus, this recommended treatment appears to exacerbate RC, thereby potentially increasing disability and co-morbidity risk. If this effect is confirmed by larger studies, the role of one-off high-dose CS in the treatment of RA should be reviewed

Numerical modelling of blood cells distribution in flow through cerebral artery aneurysm

Recent aneurysm studies have focused on the correlation between different parameters and rupture risk; however, there have been conflicting findings. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) allows for better visualization but idealized aneurysm models may neglect important variables such as aneurysm shape and blood flow conditions. In this paper, one case of an aneurysm was studied with CFD using a non-Newtonian Power Law Model to investigate the correlation between wall shear stress and blood cells distribution. Results show that velocity of blood flow decreased as it entered the aneurysm and the neck of the aneurysm experienced a greater magnitude of wall shear stress than the remainder of the cerebral artery. Besides, the blood cells generally begin at low velocities and increase after the first curve of the artery. Findings and further studies with larger cases of patients will improve treatment and prevention of aneurysm ruptures

Nearby Doorways, Parity Doublets and Parity Mixing in Compound Nuclear States

We discuss the implications of a doorway state model for parity mixing in compound nuclear states. We argue that in order to explain the tendency of parity violating asymmetries measured in $^{233}$Th to have a common sign, doorways that contribute to parity mixing must be found in the same energy neighbourhood of the measured resonance. The mechanism of parity mixing in this case of nearby doorways is closely related to the intermediate structure observed in nuclear reactions in which compound states are excited. We note that in the region of interest ($^{233}$Th) nuclei exhibit octupole deformations which leads to the existence of nearby parity doublets. These parity doublets are then used as doorways in a model for parity mixing. The contribution of such mechanism is estimated in a simple model.Comment: 11 pages, REVTE

Terapi seni vaksin emosi buat sang pendidik : satu perkongsian melalui lukisan

Peningkatan kes pandemik Covid-19 telah merubah norma kehidupan rakyat Malaysia. Jika tidak dikawal dengan baik, ianya mampu menyumbang kepada masalah kesihatan mental. Golongan pendidik juga tidak terlepas dari semua ini, memandangkan mereka terlibat secara langsung dengan norma baharu tersebut. Ini termasuklah bekerja dari rumah (BDR) dan pengajaran dan pembelajaran di rumah (PdPR). Justeru, terapi seni melalui lukisan adalah salah satu kaedah dimana penulis menenangkan diri dan menyedari perasaan sendiri. Ianya juga satu kaedah yang digunakan untuk meluahkan perasaan secara sukarela tanpa dihakimi. Teknik ini selalunya digunakan dalam kauseling untuk tujuan penyembuhan dan juga diagnosis. Lukisan yang dilukis hanya menggunakan peralatan asas seperti cat warna air, pensil warna dan juga pensil. Lakaran lukisan yang bertemakan floral dan pemandangan alam semulajadi adalah hasil utama yang dihasilkan. Ianya bertujuan menggambarkan penghayatan terhadap keindahan alam ciptaan Tuhan. Sekurang-kurangnya satu lukisan pada sekeping kertas kecil dihasilkan setiap hari. Diharapkan perkongsian ini dapat membantu pendidik mengurangkan tekanan emosi dan lebih sedar terhadap perasaan sendiri. Selain itu, terapi seni ini dapat membina keupayaan dan keyakinan diri yang lebih tinggi

A Maluku Sea intermediate western boundary current connecting Pacific Ocean circulation to the Indonesian Throughflow

© The Author(s), 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Yuan, D., Yin, X., Li, X., Corvianawatie, C., Wang, Z., Li, Y., Yang, Y., Hu, X., Wang, J., Tan, S., Surinati, D., Purwandana, A., Wardana, A., Ismail, M., Budiman, A., Bayhaqi, A., Avianto, P., Santoso, P., Kusmanto, E., Dirhamsyah, Arifin, Z., & Pratt, L. A Maluku Sea intermediate western boundary current connecting Pacific Ocean circulation to the Indonesian Throughflow. Nature Communications, 13(1), (2022): 2093, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29617-6.The Indonesian Throughflow plays an important role in the global ocean circulation and climate. Existing studies of the Indonesian Throughflow have focused on the Makassar Strait and the exit straits, where the upper thermocline currents carry North Pacific waters to the Indian Ocean. Here we show, using mooring observations, that a previous unknown intermediate western boundary current (with the core at ~1000 m depth) exists in the Maluku Sea, which transports intermediate waters (primarily the Antarctic Intermediate Water) from the Pacific into the Seram-Banda Seas through the Lifamatola Passage above the bottom overflow. Our results suggest the importance of the western boundary current in global ocean intermediate circulation and overturn. We anticipate that our study is the beginning of more extensive investigations of the intermediate circulation of the Indo-Pacific ocean in global overturn, which shall improve our understanding of ocean heat and CO2 storages significantly.This study is supported by NSFC (D.Y., Z.W., Y.L., Y.Y., S.T., J.W., and X.L.: 41720104008; D.Y., J.W., Y.L., X.L., Y.Y., S.T., X.H., and X.Y.: 91858204), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (D.Y. and X.L.: 2020YFA0608800), CAS (D.Y., Z.W., J.W., and Y.L.: XDB42000000), projects. Affiliations 1 and 2 share the first position. D.Y. is supported by QMSNL (2018SDKJ0104-02), and Shandong Provincial (U1606402) and the “Kunpeng Outstanding Scholar Program” of the FIO/NMR of China, J.W. supported by NSFC (41776011), Z.W. by NSFC (41876025)

Targeting Sphingosine Kinase 1 in Carcinoma Cells Decreases Proliferation and Survival by Compromising PKC Activity and Cytokinesis

Sphingosine kinases (SK) catalyze the phosphorylation of proapoptotic sphingosine to the prosurvival factor sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), thereby promoting oncogenic processes. Breast (MDA-MB-231), lung (NCI-H358), and colon (HCT 116) carcinoma cells were transduced with shRNA to downregulate SK-1 expression or treated with a pharmacologic SK-1 inhibitor. The effects of SK-1 targeting were investigated by measuring the level of intracellular sphingosine, the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) and cell cycle regulators, and the mitotic index. Functional assays included measurement of cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis, and cell cycle analysis. Downregulation of SK-1 or its pharmacologic inhibition increased intracellular sphingosine and decreased PKC activity as shown by reduced phosphorylation of PKC substrates. In MDA-MB-231 cells this effect was most pronounced and reduced cell proliferation and colony formation, which could be mimicked using exogenous sphingosine or the PKC inhibitor RO 31-8220. SK-1 downregulation in MDA-MB-231 cells increased the number of cells with 4N and 8N DNA content, and similar effects were observed upon treatment with sphingosine or inhibitors of SK-1 or PKC. Examination of cell cycle regulators unveiled decreased cdc2 activity and expression of Chk1, which may compromise spindle checkpoint function and cytokinesis. Indeed, SK-1 kd cells entered mitosis but failed to divide, and in the presence of taxol also failed to sustain mitotic arrest, resulting in further increased endoreduplication and apoptosis. Our findings delineate an intriguing link between SK-1, PKC and components of the cell cycle machinery, which underlines the significance of SK-1 as a target for cancer therapy