Evolution of the development of the pension insurance system in the world

У роботі досліджуються еволюція системи пенсійного страхування в світі. Виділено 4 етапи розвитку системи пенсійного страхування. Розкрито особливості розвитку кожного етапу. Виділені основні моделі пенсійного страхування та розкрита їх сутність. Визначено, інансові моделі системи пенсійного страхування, як поєднання застосованих пенсійних інститутів та методів їх фінансування, відображають розвиненість окремих видів пенсійного страхування, стан з регулюванням ринка праці та заробітної плати.The paper examines the evolution of the pension insurance system in the world. There are 4 stages of development of the pension insurance system. The peculiarities of the development of each stage are revealed. The main models of pension insurance are highlighted and their essence is revealed. It is determined that the financial models of the pension insurance system, as a combination of applied pension institutions and methods of their financing, reflect the development of certain types of pension insurance, the state with the regulation of the labor market and wages

COMBINATION OF TETRALOGY OF FALLOT AND HEMOPHILIA IN A CHILD: CASE REPORT

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is formed during intrauterine period but, as a rule, they are not hereditary. Hemophilia A belongs to the group of hereditary coagulopathies stipulated by deficiency of coagulation factor VIII and characterized by bleeding of hematoma like type. Combination of these two diseases is rather rare that requires cardiosurgeons’ apprehensive attitude.We present our experience in surgical treatment of a boy of 8 months old with Tetralogy of Fallot. Hemophilia A was found in preoperative examination. He was successfully operated with cardiac pulmonary bypass on the background of factor VII injection.Surgical treatment was successful without significant bleeding. Postoperative period was uneventful. For successful treatment of CHD with coagulation failure is very important timely diagnosis, that can be difficult due to the lack of specific symptoms in children.Surgical treatment is the method of choice in TOF. Timely and complete diagnosis of comorbidities allows to make it safe even in case of Hemophilia A.Congenital heart disease (CHD) is formed during intrauterine period but, as a rule, they are not hereditary. Hemophilia A belongs to the group of hereditary coagulopathies stipulated by deficiency of coagulation factor VIII and characterized by bleeding of hematoma like type. Combination of these two diseases is rather rare that requires cardiosurgeons’ apprehensive attitude.We present our experience in surgical treatment of a boy of 8 months old with Tetralogy of Fallot. Hemophilia A was found in preoperative examination. He was successfully operated with cardiac pulmonary bypass on the background of factor VII injection.Surgical treatment was successful without significant bleeding. Postoperative period was uneventful. For successful treatment of CHD with coagulation failure is very important timely diagnosis, that can be difficult due to the lack of specific symptoms in children.Surgical treatment is the method of choice in TOF. Timely and complete diagnosis of comorbidities allows to make it safe even in case of Hemophilia A

Bunin's Background in Boris Yulsky's "White Mazurka"

В статье рассматривается повесть "Белая мазурка" писателя восточной эмиграции Бориса Юльского..The article deals with the story "White Mazurka" by the writer of the Eastern emigration Boris Yulsky. Yulsky's creative work is usually associated with Chinese traditions, highlighting the oriental line which permeates his prose. However, in the vein of classical Russian literature, Yulsky created two works which refer the reader to the mid 19th century and bring them back to the world of noble manors and Pyatigorsk resorts. These are "Lermontov's" short story "The Moon over Beshtau" and the story "White Mazurka". The urgency of the study consists in identifying Bunin's themes in Yulsky's prose on the example of his story "White Mazurka" and in dis­covering the position of the artist who wrote his works in the middle of the 20th century. The research methods rest on the historico-literary, phenomenological, typological and comparative approaches and are based on the works of researchers of the poetics of the Eastern emigration and specialists in Bunin's creative activity

The Lyrical Works of Lydia Khaindrova: Motif Specificity and Artistic Genealogy

В статье рассматриваются особенности поэтики стихотворных сборников Лидии Хаиндровой, которые помогут уточнить представления о литературе восточной ветви русской эмиграции.The article deals with the lyrical works of Lydia Khaindrova, a poetess whose poetic activity was in full swing in the first half of the twentieth century in Harbin and Shanghai. The urgency of the study lies inidentifying the specific features of the poetics of Khaindrova's collections, which can help clarify the ideas about the literature of the eastern branch of the Russian emigration

Tissue distribution of potential antidiabetic agent C7070

C7070 is a novel imidazoline receptors agonist for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The study was included 12 male Wistar rats. The C7070 concentration was determined by highperformance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detectio

Complex vaccination strategies prevent the emergence of vaccine resistance

Vaccination is the most effective tool to control infectious diseases. However, the evolution of vaccine resistance, exemplified by vaccine-resistance in SARS-CoV-2, remains a concern. Here, we model complex vaccination strategies against a pathogen with multiple epitopes - molecules targeted by the vaccine. We found that a vaccine targeting one epitope was ineffective in preventing vaccine resistance. Vaccine resistance in highly infectious pathogens was prevented by the full-epitope vaccine, one targeting all available epitopes, but only when the rate of pathogen evolution was low. Strikingly, a bet-hedging strategy of random administration of vaccines targeting different epitopes was the most effective in preventing vaccine resistance in pathogens with low rate of infection and high rate of evolution. Thus, complex vaccination strategies, when biologically feasible, may be preferable to the currently used single-vaccine approaches for long-term control of disease outbreaks, especially when applied to livestock with near 100% vaccination rates

The market of banking services of odescha and its impact on the development of territorial communities

Метою статті є аналіз сучасного стану розвитку ринку банківських послуг Одещини та визначення пріоритетних напрямів фінансово-інвестиційної підтримки територіальних громад регіону. Дослідження проведено з використанням порівняльного аналізу банківських продуктів, які надають банки Одещини. У статті наведено перелік структурних елементів ресурсної бази соціально-економічного розвитку територіальних громад, а саме: людські ресурси, фізичні ресурси, нематеріальні активи, інституції, матеріальні об’єкти, природні ресурси та фінансові ресурси. Доведено, що реалізація елементів ресурсної бази соціально-економічного розвитку територіальних громад можлива за допомогою фінансової підтримки, яка акумулюється на регіональних ринках банківських послуг. Проаналізовано основні показники діяльності та банківські продукти, які надаються ПАТ «МТБ Банк», АБ «Південний» та ПАТ «Восток». Практична значимість даної роботи полягає у встановленому взаємозв’язку між розвитком територіальних громад та регіональним ринком банківських послуг. Зроблено висновок про те, що банки Одещини на сьогодні функціонують у складних соціально-економічних та політичних умовах, спричиненими воєнною агресію рф. Незважаючи на це вони зберігають свої конкурентні позиції, основний вектор яких є підтримка соціально-економічного розвитку регіону та розвиток ринку банківських послуг Одещини.The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of development of the market of banking services in Odesa and to determine the priority areas of financial and investment support for territorial communities of the region. The research was conducted using a comparative analysis of banking products provided by banks in Odesa. The article lists the structural elements of the resource base of socio-economic development of territorial communities, namely: human resources, physical resources, intangible assets, institutions, material objects, natural resources and financial resources. It has been proven that the implementation of the elements of the resource base of socio-economic development of territorial communities is possible with the help of financial support, which is accumulated on the regional markets of banking services. The main performance indicators and banking products provided by PJSC "MTB Bank", JSC "Pivdenny" and PJSC "Vostok" were analyzed. The practical significance of this work lies in the established relationship between the development of territorial communities and the regional market of banking services. It was concluded that the banks of Odesa currently operate in difficult socio-economic and political conditions caused by the military aggression of the Russian Federation. Despite this, they maintain their competitive positions, the main vector of which is the support of the socio-economic development of the region and the development of Odesa's banking services market

Complex vaccination strategies prevent the emergence of vaccine resistance

Vaccination is the most effective tool to control infectious diseases. However, the evolution of vaccine resistance, exemplified by vaccine-resistance in SARS-CoV-2, remains a concern. Here, we model complex vaccination strategies against a pathogen with multiple epitopes - molecules targeted by the vaccine. We found that a vaccine targeting one epitope was ineffective in preventing vaccine escape. Vaccine resistance in highly infectious pathogens was prevented by the full-epitope vaccine, that is, one targeting all available epitopes, but only when the rate of pathogen evolution was low. Strikingly, a bet-hedging strategy of random administration of vaccines targeting different epitopes was the most effective in preventing vaccine resistance in pathogens with low rate of infection and high rate of evolution. Thus, complex vaccination strategies, when biologically feasible, may be preferable to the currently used single-vaccine approaches for long-term control of disease outbreaks, especially when applied to livestock with near 100% vaccination rates

Mechanism of Interaction Between Hydrolytic Lignin and Poly(acrylonitrile)

Interaction between polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and hydrolytic lignin (THL) in mixed binary solution dimethyl sulfoxide/water (70:30) allowed us to obtain homogeneous forming solution of the THL/PAN composite. This forming solution was used for preparation of fibers and films which served as precursors for carbon materials. In the present work, we considered and substantiated the proposed mechanism of the formation of the THL/PAN composite based on the structure of the initial polymers. We believe that interaction between reactive groups present in PAN and THL leads to the formation of graft copolymer. Fundamentally, this reaction is possible and may proceed according to the well-known Ritter mechanism It was demonstrated that the process of grafting nitrile groups to THL macromolecules is controlled by duration and temperature of interaction between the initial compounds in solution; this process is completed in 10 h at a temperature of 120 °C. Tentative calculation shows that for each statistically averaged PAN macromolecule there are five THL molecules with activated hydroxyl groups. These forming solutions are suitable for moulding fibers which serve as precursors for carbon fibrous materials

«The electronic catalogue of russian affixes»: the concept, technologies of creation, educational possibilities

The article is devoted to the description of the project «The Electronic catalogue of Russian affixes», giving the information on all kinds of service morphemes – prefixes, suffixes, inflexions, postfixesСтатья посвящена описанию проекта «Электронный каталог русских аффиксов», предоставляющего информацию обо всех видах служебных морфем – префиксах, суффиксах, флексиях, постфикса