Vergessene Kinder? Demokratiebildung in Förderschulen. Eine Expertise für das Deutsche Jugendinstitut

m Rahmen der vorliegenden Expertise sollte der Frage nachgegangen werden, inwieweit Demokratiebildung an Förderschulen in der alltäglichen Schulpraxis eine sichtbare Rolle einnimmt. Diese Frage wollten wir empirisch mittels qualitativen Interviews beantworten. Durch die Corona-Krise musste die Anlage der Expertise grundlegend verändert werden – sie liefert nunmehr aus eher konzeptioneller Sicht Einblicke in den Zusammenhang von Demokratiebildung und deutschem Förderschulsystem. (DIPF/Orig.

Diagnosis of comorbid migraine without aura in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy based on the gray zone approach to the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 criteria

BackgroundMigraine without aura (MwoA) is a very frequent and remarkable comorbidity in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy (I/GE). Frequently in clinical practice, diagnosis of MwoA may be challenging despite the guidance of current diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 (ICHD-3). In this study, we aimed to disclose the diagnostic gaps in the diagnosis of comorbid MwoA, using a zone concept, in patients with I/GEs with headaches who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert.MethodsIn this multicenter study including 809 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of I/GE with or without headache, 163 patients who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert as having a comorbid MwoA were reevaluated. Eligible patients were divided into three subgroups, namely, full diagnosis, zone I, and zone II according to their status of fulfilling the ICHD-3 criteria. A Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was performed to bring out the meaningful predictors when evaluating patients with I/GEs for MwoA comorbidity, using the variables that were significant in the univariate analysis.ResultsLonger headache duration (<4 h) followed by throbbing pain, higher visual analog scale (VAS) scores, increase of pain by physical activity, nausea/vomiting, and photophobia and/or phonophobia are the main distinguishing clinical characteristics of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GE, for being classified in the full diagnosis group. Despite being not a part of the main ICHD-3 criteria, the presence of associated symptoms mainly osmophobia and also vertigo/dizziness had the distinguishing capability of being classified into zone subgroups. The most common epilepsy syndromes fulfilling full diagnosis criteria (n = 62) in the CART analysis were 48.39% Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy followed by 25.81% epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone.ConclusionLonger headache duration, throbbing pain, increase of pain by physical activity, photophobia and/or phonophobia, presence of vertigo/dizziness, osmophobia, and higher VAS scores are the main supportive associated factors when applying the ICHD-3 criteria for the comorbid MwoA diagnosis in patients with I/GEs. Evaluating these characteristics could be helpful to close the diagnostic gaps in everyday clinical practice and fasten the diagnostic process of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GEs

The study of different knowledge level preservice secondary school math teachers\' Pedogogic content knowledge observed their lesson plans

Merkezi rezervasyon sistemi, elektronik bir dağıtım kanalı ve bir veri tabanıdır. Bilgilerin hızlı, güvenilir ve en ekonomik yollardan, en çok kişiye ulaşımını sağlamaktadır. Günümüzün yoğun rekabet ortamında bilgi teknolojilerinin çok yoğun kullanıldığı bir durumda işletmenin faaliyetlerini sürdürebilmesi için önemli bir rol oynamaktadır.. Ancak küçük ve orta büyüklükteki işletmeler için bilgi teknolojilerinden yararlanmak ve bir rezervasyon sistemine üye olmak maliyetli olabilmektedir. Ayrıca kullanımı konusunda zorluklar yaşanabilmektedir. Bu çalışma ile merkezi rezervasyon sistemi kullanımının konaklama işletmeleri açısından ne tür sonuçları olduğunun ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın araştırma bölümünde ise, bir konaklama işletmesinin, merkezi rezervasyon sistemi kullanmadan önceki satış gelirleri ile merkezi rezervasyon sistemi kullandıktan sonra ki satış gelirlerinin karşılaştırılarak, merkezi rezervasyon sistemi kullanımının konaklama işletmesine olan etkisinin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Böylece gerek literatüre gerekse turizm sektörüne rehberlik edeceği düşünülmektedir. Araştırma çalışmasının sonucu beklenenin aksine, literatürde sunulan sistemin dezavantajlarını destekleyen bir durum ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bir konaklama işletmesi için merkezi rezervasyon sistemi kullanımının avantajlı yönleri olduğu kadar dezavantajlı yönleri de bulunabilmektedir. Avantajlı yönlerinin ön plana çıkarılması için konaklama işletmesinin hangi merkezi rezervasyon sistemine üye olacağına karar vermeden önce iyi bir araştırma yapması ve kendisi için en doğru olan merkezi rezervasyon sistemine karar vermesi gerekmektedir. Ayrıca üyelik sonrası çok çalışılması ve doğru bir planlama ve uygulama süreci geçirilmesi gerekmektedir.Central Reservation System is an electronic distribution channel and system data base. Although the information flow is very fast, reliable and economical to the users, it should also be considered that for small and medium sized establishments the system can be expensive and hard to use. On the other hand for a competitive business Central Reservation Systems are so much needed. With this study, it is aimed to figure out the Cental Reservation Systems and to show the operations in details. System is configured with screen layouts for easy understanding. Furthermore, historical progress of Central Reservation Systems is also given with this study including system connections. In search section of the study, a hotelling company is reviewed considering the profiles before and after Central Reservation System usage, consequently advantages and disadvantages of CRS usage is determined. With this study, the purpose is to compare the literature with applications in commercial establishments so as to brief the realized part of the Central Reservation Systems. The results obtained can be used for correct usage of the systems and for having best efficiency. For this purpose a Sample Event study is also executed through this study. According to the results obtained with this study, it is realized that disadvandages counted in literatures are supported. Of course, unforeseen other factors can also effect this study. Consequently, it is absolutely clear that with a good study, good decision and forced applications, Central Reservation Systems are very efficient for Hotel applications. To increase the power of competition is only possible with true usage of technology

Geschlechterordnung als Raumordnung: Vergeschlechtlichte Raumordnungen und Mobilitätspraktiken in der südosttürkischen Provinz Hatay

Der folgende Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Zusammenhang von Geschlechter- und Raumordnungen. Auf der Grundlage einer ethnografischen Studie in der südosttürkischen Provinz Hatay wird aufgezeigt, wie vergeschlechtlichte Raumordnungen die Raum- und Mobilitätspraktiken von Frauen und Mädchen prägen und regulieren. Eine zentrale Annahme der Studie ist, dass Zugängen zu Bildungseinrichtungen eine besondere Rolle zukommt, da durch neue Sichtbarkeiten und räumliche Mobilitätspraktiken junger Frauen und Mädchen die vorherrschende vergeschlechtlichte Raumordnung und die strikte Trennung des Raumes in öffentlich und privat irritiert werden.The following article deals with the interlinkages between gender norms and spatial orders. Based on an ethnographic study conducted in Hatay Province in southeastern Turkey, it shows how gendered space regulations influence the daily mobility and spatial practices of young women and girls in Hatay. Based on empirical data, the article shows, first, how normative spatial arrangements regulate the mobility and spatial practices of young women. Second, it shows how young women deal subversively with gendered regulations of space. The article also shows why access to education is of great relevance for female students’ spatial practices, their visibility and mobility within the public sphere

An Investigation of the Effects of COVID-19 on Public Space Design Principles in the Cases of Beşiktaş, Kadiköy, and Üsküdar Istanbul

El proceso pandémico provocado por la epidemia del COVID-19, que afectó a todo el mundo y se propagó rápidamente, ha provocado que nuestros estilos de vida social cambien. En este estudio, se pretende examinar aplicaciones creadas con estilos de uso actuales, considerando los principios del diseño de espacios públicos que se han modificado por efecto de la pandemia en curso, así como investigar los efectos en los principios de diseño antes y después de esta. En este contexto, se realizó un trabajo de campo,detección in situ y un estudio de observación yfotografía con respecto a los principios definidos por Hartleben (2020), a saber: polifuncionalidad, ajuste holgado, redundancia, acceso en todos los niveles, modularidad, señalización, para garantizar que el acceso a tres plazas importantes en Estambul sea multidimensional, al tiempo que maximice la adaptación exitosa del espacio público a condiciones inesperadas. Como resultado de dicha investigación, los principios de polifuncionalidad seguidos de los de redundancia son los más afectados por los conceptos de distanciamiento social e higiene que ha dejado la pandemia. También se enfatizó en que los asuntos de adecuación de la distancia social y presencia del concepto de higiene deben agregarse a los principios existentes.The COVID-19 epidemic changed our lifestyles. In this study, we examine examples of public space design principlesthat reflect current lifestyles in the ongoing pandemic and investigate the effects on design principles before and after the pandemic. Through fieldwork, on-site detection, observation, and photography, a study was conducted regarding design principles defined by Hartleben (2020). The research team studied ‘polyfunctionality’, ‘loose fit’, ‘redundancy’, ‘access at all levels’, ‘modularity’, and ‘signaling’, in three squares of Istanbul. These principles are multidimensional and key to maximizing the successful adaptation of the public space to unexpected conditions. The results show that the principles of ‘polyfunctionality’ followed by ‘redundancy’ are those most affected by the social distance and hygiene policies during the pandemic. This study suggests that social distance adequacy and the presence of hygiene should be considered in the existing design principles