Intelligent model for offshore China sea fog forecasting

Accurate and timely prediction of sea fog is very important for effectively managing maritime and coastal economic activities. Given the intricate nature and inherent variability of sea fog, traditional numerical and statistical forecasting methods are often proven inadequate. This study aims to develop an advanced sea fog forecasting method embedded in a numerical weather prediction model using the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE) coastal area as a case study. Prior to training our machine learning model, we employ a time-lagged correlation analysis technique to identify key predictors and decipher the underlying mechanisms driving sea fog occurrence. In addition, we implement ensemble learning and a focal loss function to address the issue of imbalanced data, thereby enhancing the predictive ability of our model. To verify the accuracy of our method, we evaluate its performance using a comprehensive dataset spanning one year, which encompasses both weather station observations and historical forecasts. Remarkably, our machine learning-based approach surpasses the predictive performance of two conventional methods, the weather research and forecasting nonhydrostatic mesoscale model (WRF-NMM) and the algorithm developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Forecast Systems Laboratory (FSL). Specifically, in regard to predicting sea fog with a visibility of less than or equal to 1 km with a lead time of 60 hours, our methodology achieves superior results by increasing the probability of detection (POD) while simultaneously reducing the false alarm ratio (FAR).Comment: 19 pages, 9 figure

The role of experience in parenting beliefs of British and Italian women during pregnancy

To understand the role of experience in parenting beliefs about caring for infants, we examined the parenting beliefs of pregnant women who were expecting their first child with those of pregnant women who already had at least one other child. A culturally diverse sample of 550 British and Italian women completed self-report measures evaluating their beliefs about the value of attunement and structure in caregiving, parenting self-efficacy, and home chaos. Psychometric evaluation confirmed the two-factor structure of the Baby Care Questionnaire (BCQ) for measuring attunement and structure but did not support configural invariance across the different samples. Beliefs about attunement and structure were related to parenting experience: pregnant women who already had at least one other child reported stronger beliefs in attunement, whereas pregnant women expecting their first child reported stronger beliefs in structure. Regression analyses revealed that the associations between parenting beliefs and experience remained when controlling for country, age, and education. Despite the limitations imposed by the lack of configural invariance, this cross-sectional, cross-cultural study constitutes an important first step in examining the relations between parenting experience and parenting beliefs during pregnancy

Meta-analysis across Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium provides evidence for an association of serum vitamin D with pulmonary function

The role that vitamin D plays in pulmonary function remains uncertain. Epidemiological studies reported mixed findings for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)-pulmonary function association. We conducted the largest cross-sectional meta-analysis of the 25(OH)D-pulmonary function association to date, based on nine European ancestry (EA) cohorts (n 22 838) and five African ancestry (AA) cohorts (n 4290) in the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium. Data were analysed using linear models by cohort and ancestry. Effect modification by smoking status (current/former/never) was tested. Results were combined using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Mean serum 25(OH)D was 68 (SD 29) nmol/l for EA and 49 (SD 21) nmol/l for AA. For each 1 nmol/l higher 25(OH)D, forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (FEV1) was higher by 1.1 ml in EA (95 % CI 0.9, 1.3; P< 0.0001) and 1.8 ml (95 % CI 1.1, 2.5; P< 0.0001) in AA (P-race (difference) = 0.06), and forced vital capacity (FVC) was higher by 1.3 ml in EA (95 % CI 1.0, 1.6; P <0.0001) and 1.5 ml (95 % CI 0.8, 2.3; P= 0.0001) in AA (P-race difference = 0.56). Among EA, the 25(OH)D-FVC association was stronger in smokers: per 1 nmol/l higher 25(OH) D, FVC was higher by 1.7 ml (95 % CI 1.1, 2.3) for current smokers and 1.7 ml (95 % CI 1.2, 2.1) for former smokers, compared with 0.8 ml (95 % CI 0.4, 1.2) for never smokers. In summary, the 25(OH)D associations with FEV1 and FVC were positive in both ancestries. In EA, a stronger association was observed for smokers compared with never smokers, which supports the importance of vitamin D in vulnerable populations

Omega-3 fatty acids and genome-wide interaction analyses reveal DPP10-pulmonary function association

Rationale: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have anti-inflammatory properties that could benefit adults with comprised pulmonary health. Objective: To investigate n-3 PUFA associations with spirometric measures of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and determine underlying genetic susceptibility. Methods: Associations of n-3 PUFA biomarkers (a-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid [DPA], and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) were evaluated with PFTs (FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC) in meta-analyses across seven cohorts from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium (N=16,134 of European or African ancestry). PFT-associated n-3 PUFAs were carried forward to genome-wide interaction analyses in the four largest cohorts (N=11,962) and replicated in one cohort (N=1,687). Cohort-specific results were combined using joint 2 degree-of-freedom (2df) meta-analyses of SNPassociations and their interactions with n-3PUFAs. Results: DPA and DHA were positively associated with FEV1 and FVC (P < 0.025), with evidence for effect modification by smoking and by sex. Genome-wide analyses identified a novel association of rs11693320-an intronic DPP10 SNP-with FVC when incorporating an interaction with DHA, and the finding was replicated (P-2df = 9.4 x 10(-9) across discovery and replication cohorts). The rs11693320-A allele (frequency, similar to 80%) was associated with lower FVC (P-SNP = 2.1 x 10(-9); beta(SNP) = 2161.0 ml), and the association was attenuated by higher DHA levels (P-SNPxDHA interaction = 2.1x10(-7); beta(SNPxDHA interaction) = 36.2 ml). Conclusions: We corroborated beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs on pulmonary function. By modeling genome-wide n-3 PUFA interactions, we identified a novel DPP10 SNP association with FVC that was not detectable in much larger studies ignoring this interaction

The Beneficial Effect of Growth Mindset Intervention for Adolescents in Economically Disadvantaged Areas of China

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Business Models in the Mobile Ecosystem

Abstract — The mobile ecosystem is constantly changing. The roles of each actor are uncertain and the question how each actor cooperates with each other is of interest of researchers both in academia and industry. In this paper we examine the mobile ecosystem from a business perspective. We used five mobile companies as case studies, which were investigated through interviews and questionnaire surveys. The companies covered different roles in the ecosystem, including network operator, device manufacturer, and application developer. With our empirical data as a starting point, we analyze the revenue streams of different actors in the ecosystem. The results will contribute to an understanding of the business models and dependencies that characterize actors in the current mobile ecosystem. Keywords-business models; mobile ecosystem I

Temporal Features of the Differentiation between Self-Name and Religious Leader Name among Christians: An ERP Study

Existing neuroimaging studies have shown that religion, as a subjective culture, can influence self-referential processing. However, the time course of this impact remains unclear. The present study examined how Christians process their own names, the name of their religious leader (i.e., Jesus), and a famous person’s name (i.e., Yao Ming). Behavioral and EEG data were recorded while the participants performed a name-color judgment task for these three names. The behavioral data showed no significant differences in reaction time or accuracy among the names. However, the ERP data showed that the P200 and P300 amplitudes elicited by the self-name and religious leader name were larger than those elicited by the famous name. Furthermore, the self-name also elicited a larger P300 amplitude than the religious leader name did. These results suggested that both the self-name and the religious leader name were processed preferentially due to their important social value for the self as compared to a generally famous name. Importantly, the dissociation between the self-name and the religious leader name was observed at a high-order cognitive stage, which might be attributed to their different roles in one’s self-concept

CUL1-Mediated Organelle Fission Pathway Inhibits the Development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global high-incidence chronic airway inflammation disease. Its deterioration will lead to more serious lung lesions and even lung cancer. Therefore, it is urgent to determine the pathogenesis of COPD and find potential therapeutic targets. The purpose of this study is to reveal the molecular mechanism of COPD disease development through in-depth analysis of transcription factors and ncRNA-driven pathogenic modules of COPD. We obtained the expression profile of COPD-related microRNAs from the NCBI-GEO database and analyzed the differences among groups to identify the microRNAs significantly associated with COPD. Then, their target genes are predicted and mapped to a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Finally, key transcription factors and the ncRNA of the regulatory module were identified based on the hypergeometric test. The results showed that CUL1 was the most interactive gene in the highly interactive module, so it was recognized as a dysfunctional molecule of COPD. Enrichment analysis also showed that it was much involved in the biological process of organelle fission, the highest number of regulatory modules. In addition, ncRNAs, mainly composed of miR-590-3p, miR-495-3p, miR-186-5p, and transcription factors such as MYC, BRCA1, and CDX2, significantly regulate COPD dysfunction blocks. In summary, we revealed that the COPD-related target gene CUL1 plays a key role in the potential dysfunction of the disease. It promotes the proliferation of fibroblast cells in COPD patients by mediating functional signals of organelle fission and thus participates in the progress of the disease. Our research helps biologists to further understand the etiology and development trend of COPD

Etching and annealing treatment to improve the plasma-deposited SiOx film adhesion force

In this paper, an atmospheric pressure plasma jet driven by an AC power supply was applied for SiOx film deposition on a metal surface. To improve the adhesion strength between the film and substrate, the processes of plasma etching and annealing were applied. The deposited SiOx film properties, including film thickness, surface morphology, chemical composition and electrical properties, were studied systematically. In addition, the deposited film was used for the metal particle lift-off voltage in a gas-insulated line (GIL) system. Our results showed that the adhesion strength between the film and substrate was 5 times higher in the films subjected to plasma etching and annealing treatment than that in the untreated group. The high oxygen content attained in the SiOx film after the etching and annealing processes was responsible for the adhesion force improvement. The composition changes in the film also increased the relative constant value, which was in good agreement with the metal particle lift-off voltage results. After thermal annealing, the sample showed a 119% improvement in the lift-off voltage compared to that of the bare electrode.</p