Respuestas de variedades de algodón a la fertilización nitrogenada en condiciones edafoclimáticas de la provincia del Chaco

El algodón es un cultivo importante para las provincias del norte Argentino, siendo la provincia del Chaco una de las principales productoras. Sin embargo, es necesario desarrollar técnicas que permitan aumentar el rendimiento, especialmente centrado en la eficiencia de la utilización de nutrientes. El nitrógeno es un nutriente dinámico en el medio ambiente, su suministro proporciona una mayor productividad. Sin embargo, el uso incorrecto causa problemas ambientales y económicos para el productor. Las pérdidas de N para el medio ambiente están asociadas con la concentración en la solución del suelo de las formas solubles de N en general que son las más susceptibles a las pérdidas. Por lo tanto, es importante determinar la técnica de manejo del algodón en la provincia del Chaco que proporcione una mayor productividad, menores costos de producción y riesgos de contaminación ambiental. Ante esto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el rendimiento agronómico, la calidad de la fibra cuando se aplican diferentes dosis de nitrógeno. El experimento se llevó a cabo en la campaña (2019/2020). El diseño experimental fue en bloques completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones en parcelas subdivididas, en las que se asignaron cuatro variedades de algodón (Guarani INTA BG RR, Guazucho 4 INTA BG RR, NUOPal RR, Pora 3 INTA BGRR) y como subparcelas las cinco dosis de nitrógeno (0, 45, 90, 135 y 180 kg ha-1). Se evaluó el crecimiento y componentes productivos,. Las variedades Guarani INTA BG RR, Guazucho 4 INTA BG RR tienen una alta respuesta a la aplicación de fertilizante nitrogenado.EEA Sáenz PeñaFil: Tcach, Nydia Elisa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Sáenz Peña; ArgentinaFil: Klein, Lorena Marina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Sáenz Peña; ArgentinaFil: Spoljaric, Mónica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Sáenz Peña; ArgentinaFil: Tcach, Mauricio Alfredo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Sáenz Peña; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Ariela Judith. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Sáenz Peña; ArgentinaFil: Bonacic Kresic, Iván. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Sáenz Peña; ArgentinaFil: Wyss, Victor Fabio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Sáenz Peña; ArgentinaFil: Paes Barros Júnior, Aurélio. Universidad federal Rural del Semiarido (UFERSA); BrasilFil: dos Santos, Manoel Galdino. Universidad federal Rural del Semiarido (UFERSA); BrasilFil: da Silveira, Lindomar Maria. Universidad federal Rural del Semiarido (UFERSA); Brasi

Cigarette, Cigar, and Pipe Smoking and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancers: Pooled Analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium

Cigar and pipe smoking are considered risk factors for head and neck cancers, but the magnitude of effect estimates for these products has been imprecisely estimated. By using pooled data from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium (comprising 13,935 cases and 18,691 controls in 19 studies from 1981 to 2007), we applied hierarchical logistic regression to more precisely estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking separately, compared with reference groups of those who had never smoked each single product. Odds ratios for cigar and pipe smoking were stratified by ever cigarette smoking. We also considered effect estimates of smoking a single product exclusively versus never having smoked any product (reference group). Among never cigarette smokers, the odds ratio for ever cigar smoking was 2.54 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.93, 3.34), and the odds ratio for ever pipe smoking was 2.08 (95% CI: 1.55, 2.81). These odds ratios increased with increasing frequency and duration of smoking (Ptrend ≤ 0.0001). Odds ratios for cigar and pipe smoking were not elevated among ever cigarette smokers. Head and neck cancer risk was elevated for those who reported exclusive cigar smoking (odds ratio = 3.49, 95% CI: 2.58, 4.73) or exclusive pipe smoking (odds ratio = 3.71, 95% CI: 2.59, 5.33). These results suggest that cigar and pipe smoking are independently associated with increased risk of head and neck cancers

Cigarette, Cigar, and Pipe Smoking and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancers: Pooled Analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium

Wyss, Annah Hashibe, Mia Chuang, Shu-Chun Lee, Yuan-Chin Amy Zhang, Zuo-Feng Yu, Guo-Pei Winn, Deborah M Wei, Qingyi Talamini, Renato Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Neonila Sturgis, Erich M Smith, Elaine Shangina, Oxana Schwartz, Stephen M Schantz, Stimson Rudnai, Peter Purdue, Mark P Eluf-Neto, Jose Muscat, Joshua Morgenstern, Hal Michaluart, Pedro Jr Menezes, Ana Matos, Elena Mates, Ioan Nicolae Lissowska, Jolanta Levi, Fabio Lazarus, Philip La Vecchia, Carlo Koifman, Sergio Herrero, Rolando Hayes, Richard B Franceschi, Silvia Wunsch-Filho, Victor Fernandez, Leticia Fabianova, Eleonora Daudt, Alexander W Dal Maso, Luigino Curado, Maria Paula Chen, Chu Castellsague, Xavier de Carvalho, Marcos Brasilino Cadoni, Gabriella Boccia, Stefania Brennan, Paul Boffetta, Paolo Olshan, Andrew F eng R03 CA113157/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ R24 HD041025/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ T32-CA09330/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ T32ES007018/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ Meta-Analysis Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural 2013/07/03 06:00 Am J Epidemiol. 2013 Sep 1;178(5):679-90. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwt029. Epub 2013 Jun 30.International audienceCigar and pipe smoking are considered risk factors for head and neck cancers, but the magnitude of effect estimates for these products has been imprecisely estimated. By using pooled data from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium (comprising 13,935 cases and 18,691 controls in 19 studies from 1981 to 2007), we applied hierarchical logistic regression to more precisely estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking separately, compared with reference groups of those who had never smoked each single product. Odds ratios for cigar and pipe smoking were stratified by ever cigarette smoking. We also considered effect estimates of smoking a single product exclusively versus never having smoked any product (reference group). Among never cigarette smokers, the odds ratio for ever cigar smoking was 2.54 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.93, 3.34), and the odds ratio for ever pipe smoking was 2.08 (95% CI: 1.55, 2.81). These odds ratios increased with increasing frequency and duration of smoking (Ptrend </= 0.0001). Odds ratios for cigar and pipe smoking were not elevated among ever cigarette smokers. Head and neck cancer risk was elevated for those who reported exclusive cigar smoking (odds ratio = 3.49, 95% CI: 2.58, 4.73) or exclusive pipe smoking (odds ratio = 3.71, 95% CI: 2.59, 5.33). These results suggest that cigar and pipe smoking are independently associated with increased risk of head and neck cancers

Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics in Evaluation of LIXisenatide in Acute Coronary Syndrome, a long-term cardiovascular end point trial of lixisenatide versus placebo

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Furthermore, patients with T2DM and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have a particularly high risk of CV events. The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, lixisenatide, improves glycemia, but its effects on CV events have not been thoroughly evaluated. METHODS: ELIXA (www.clinicaltrials.gov no. NCT01147250) is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study of lixisenatide in patients with T2DM and a recent ACS event. The primary aim is to evaluate the effects of lixisenatide on CV morbidity and mortality in a population at high CV risk. The primary efficacy end point is a composite of time to CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Data are systematically collected for safety outcomes, including hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, and malignancy. RESULTS: Enrollment began in July 2010 and ended in August 2013; 6,068 patients from 49 countries were randomized. Of these, 69% are men and 75% are white; at baseline, the mean ± SD age was 60.3 ± 9.7 years, body mass index was 30.2 ± 5.7 kg/m(2), and duration of T2DM was 9.3 ± 8.2 years. The qualifying ACS was a myocardial infarction in 83% and unstable angina in 17%. The study will continue until the positive adjudication of the protocol-specified number of primary CV events. CONCLUSION: ELIXA will be the first trial to report the safety and efficacy of a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist in people with T2DM and high CV event risk