80 research outputs found
Synonym Coordination in English Legislative Texts and Its Translation
Synonym coordination is a common and intriguing linguistic phenomenon in legal texts, especially in  legislative texts. Synonyms have been explored from different perspectives in the prior studies, but few studies have been done on synonym coordination. This paper discusses the pervasiveness, characteristics and classification of synonym coordination in English legislative texts. It has been found that the pervasiveness of synonym coordination is attributed to the historical, rhetoric and legal factors. Synonym coordination can be divided into three types: absolute synonym coordination, relative synonym coordination and relevant synonym coordination. Based on Nida’s theory of functional equivalence, the paper puts forward the corresponding translation methods for each type. This study will shed light on the further studies on synonym co-occurrence
UAV-Assisted Intelligent Reflecting Surface Symbiotic Radio System
This paper investigates a symbiotic unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted
intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) radio system, where the UAV is leveraged
to help the IRS reflect its own signals to the base station, and meanwhile
enhance the UAV transmission by passive beamforming at the IRS. First, we
consider the weighted sum bit error rate (BER) minimization problem among all
IRSs by jointly optimizing the UAV trajectory, IRS phase shift matrix, and IRS
scheduling, subject to the minimum primary rate requirements. To tackle this
complicated problem, a relaxation-based algorithm is proposed. We prove that
the converged relaxation scheduling variables are binary, which means that no
reconstruct strategy is needed, and thus the UAV rate constraints are
automatically satisfied. Second, we consider the fairness BER optimization
problem. We find that the relaxation-based method cannot solve this fairness
BER problem since the minimum primary rate requirements may not be satisfied by
the binary reconstruction operation. To address this issue, we first transform
the binary constraints into a series of equivalent equality constraints. Then,
a penalty-based algorithm is proposed to obtain a suboptimal solution.
Numerical results are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed
designs under different setups, as compared with benchmarks.Comment: This paper a preprinted version, which has been submitted to IEEE
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Methods for labeling error detection in microarrays based on the effect of data perturbation on the regression model
Abstract
Motivation: Mislabeled samples often appear in gene expression profile because of the similarity of different sub-type of disease and the subjective misdiagnosis. The mislabeled samples deteriorate supervised learning procedures. The LOOE-sensitivity algorithm is an approach for mislabeled sample detection for microarray based on data perturbation. However, the failure of measuring the perturbing effect makes the LOOE-sensitivity algorithm a poor performance. The purpose of this article is to design a novel detection method for mislabeled samples of microarray, which could take advantage of the measuring effect of data perturbations.
Results: To measure the effect of data perturbation, we define an index named perturbing influence value (PIV), based on the support vector machine (SVM) regression model. The Column Algorithm (CAPIV), Row Algorithm (RAPIV) and progressive Row Algorithm (PRAPIV) based on the PIV value are proposed to detect the mislabeled samples. Experimental results obtained by using six artificial datasets and five microarray datasets demonstrate that all proposed methods in this article are superior to LOOE-sensitivity. Moreover, compared with the simple SVM and CL-stability, the PRAPIV algorithm shows an increase in precision and high recall.
Availability: The program and source code (in JAVA) are publicly available at http://ccst.jlu.edu.cn/CSBG/PIVS/index.htm
Contact: [email protected]; [email protected]
Re-channelization of turbidity currents in South China Sea abyssal plain due to seamounts and ridges
Turbidity currents can be characterized as net-erosive, net-depositional or net-bypassing. Whether a flow is erosive, depositional or bypasses depends on the flow velocity, concentration and size but these can also be impacted by external controls such as the degree of confinement, slope gradient and substrate type and erodibility. Our understanding of the relative importance of these controls comes from laboratory experiments and numerical modelling, as well as from field data due to the proliferation of high-resolution 3D seismic and bathymetric data, as well as the outcrop and rock record. In this study, based on extensive multibeam and seismic reflection surveys in combination with International Ocean Discovery Program cores from the South China Sea, we document a new mechanism of turbidity current transformation from depositional to erosive resulting in channel incision. We show how confinement by seamounts and bedrock highs of previously unconfined turbidity currents has resulted in the development of seafloor channels. These channels are inferred to be the result of confinement of flows, which have traversed the abyssal plain, leading to flow acceleration allowing them to erode the seafloor substrate. This interpretation is further supported by the coarsening of flow deposits within the area of the seamounts, indicating that confinement has increased flow competency, allowing turbidity currents to carry larger volumes of coarse sediment which has been deposited in this region. This basin-scale depositional pattern suggests that pre-established basin topography can have an important control on sedimentation which can impact characteristics such as potential hydrocarbon storage
Incorporating Surprisingly Popular Algorithm and Euclidean Distance-based Adaptive Topology into PSO
While many Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms only use fitness to
assess the performance of particles, in this work, we adopt Surprisingly
Popular Algorithm (SPA) as a complementary metric in addition to fitness.
Consequently, particles that are not widely known also have the opportunity to
be selected as the learning exemplars. In addition, we propose a Euclidean
distance-based adaptive topology to cooperate with SPA, where each particle
only connects to k number of particles with the shortest Euclidean distance
during each iteration. We also introduce the adaptive topology into
heterogeneous populations to better solve large-scale problems. Specifically,
the exploration sub-population better preserves the diversity of the population
while the exploitation sub-population achieves fast convergence. Therefore,
large-scale problems can be solved in a collaborative manner to elevate the
overall performance. To evaluate the performance of our method, we conduct
extensive experiments on various optimization problems, including three
benchmark suites and two real-world optimization problems. The results
demonstrate that our Euclidean distance-based adaptive topology outperforms the
other widely adopted topologies and further suggest that our method performs
significantly better than state-of-the-art PSO variants on small, medium, and
large-scale problems
Contourite processes associated with the overflow of Pacific Deep Water within the Luzon Trough: Conceptual and regional implications
Overflows through oceanic gateways govern the exchange of water masses in the world's ocean basins. These exchanges also involve energy, salinity, nutrients, and carbon. As such, the physical features that control overflow can exert a strong influence on regional and global climate. Here, we present the first description of sedimentary processes generated by the overflow of Pacific Deep Water (OPDW). This mass flows southward at approximately 2000–3450 m water depth within the Luzon Trough (gateway) from the Pacific Ocean into the South China Sea. OPDW can be divided into: a) a lower, denser layer (including an associated weak counter-current), which has generated a large contourite depositional system (CDS-1) that includes large erosional (channel and moat), depositional (mounded and plastered drift), and mixed (terrace) contourite features along the trough bottom and walls, and b) an upper mixing layer, which has not generated any significant depositional or erosional contourite features. Where OPDW does not reach the seafloor, it is underlain by bottom water that circulates more sluggishly but has generated a second contourite depositional system (CDS-2) made of a large sheet-like drift. The OPDW flow has generally enhanced since the middle to late Miocene, except in the shallower northernmost corridor. In the deeper main trough, reductions in width and depth of the gateway by Taiwan orogenic events have likely accelerated the overflow. The latest significant enhancening may promote widespread development of contourite depositional systems along the South China Sea's lower continental slope and adjacent deeper areas. This work highlights the importance of gateway-confined overflows in controlling the morphology and sedimentary evolution of adjacent deep marine sedimentary systems. A clear understanding of overflow processes and their products is essential for decoding tectonic control in oceanographic or paleoceanographic processes
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