48,247 research outputs found
An Unusual Cause of Abdominal Ascites.
Abdominal ascites is most commonly caused by portal hypertension from liver cirrhosis. When present, portal hypertension is associated with an elevated serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) ≥1.1 g/dL. In contrast, a SAAG < 1.1 g/dL suggests malignancy, tuberculosis, pancreatitis, or nephrotic syndrome. Here, we present a case of low SAAG ascites caused by epithelioid peritoneal mesothelioma in a woman with no known liver disease. The diagnosis proved elusive until diagnostic laparoscopy with biopsy was performed
The Diamine Cation Is Not a Chemical Example Where Density Functional Theory Fails
In a recent communication, Weber and co-workers presented a surprising study
on charge-localization effects in the N,N'-dimethylpiperazine (DMP+) diamine
cation to provide a stringent test of density functional theory (DFT) methods.
Within their study, the authors examined various DFT methods and concluded that
"all DFT functionals commonly used today, including hybrid functionals with
exact exchange, fail to predict a stable charge-localized state." This
surprising conclusion is based on the authors' use of a self-interaction
correction (namely, complex-valued Perdew-Zunger Self-Interaction Correction
(PZ-SIC)) to DFT, which appears to give excellent agreement with experiment and
other wavefunction-based benchmarks. Since the publication of this recent
communication, the same DMP+ molecule has been cited in numerous subsequent
studies as a prototypical example of the importance of self-interaction
corrections for accurately calculating other chemical systems. In this
correspondence, we have carried out new high-level CCSD(T) analyses on the DMP+
cation to show that DFT actually performs quite well for this system (in
contrast to their conclusion that all DFT functionals fail), whereas the PZ-SIC
approach used by Weber et al. is the outlier that is inconsistent with the
high-level CCSD(T) (coupled-cluster with single and double excitations and
perturbative triples) calculations. Our new findings and analysis for this
system are briefly discussed in this correspondence.Comment: Accepted by Nature Communication
Match running performance during fixture congestion in elite soccer: Research issues and future directions
Match congestion in elite soccer has been proposed to result in residual fatigue and underperformance in ensuing competition due to insufficient recovery time. In this article, matters relating to match congestion and running performance in elite soccer competition are discussed. The authors suggest a need to determine the extent to which elite players are in reality exposed to periods of match congestion hence to potential declines in performance. Despite evidence of exercise-induced muscle damage combined with a decline in physical performance up to 72-hours post-match, research using time-motion analyses suggest running performance represented by distances covered is unaffected over periods of match congestion. The authors recommend analysis of alternative movement variables including accelerations, decelerations and turns that are taxing metabolically and contribute greatly to muscle damage. Moreover, a holistic approach combining subjective ratings with biochemical, hormonal and immunological responses to exercise would be pertinent especially in players frequently exposed to match congestion. Contemporary practitioners typically implement various post-match recovery treatments during dense schedules in an attempt to accelerate recovery and ensure that subsequent running performance is not unduly affected. However, empirical evidence to support their efficacy in maintaining running performance is lacking and the authors recommend controlled intervention studies using match simulations in an attempt to verify their effectiveness. These points are critically addressed using findings from the current scientific literature while gaps in the current body of knowledge and future directions for research are highlighted
Interaction Between Ion Beams and Plasmas
Interaction between low energy cesium ion beam and thermal cesium plasm
The universal functorial equivariant Lefschetz invariant
We introduce the universal functorial equivariant Lefschetz invariant for
endomorphisms of finite proper G-CW-complexes, where G is a discrete group. We
use K_0 of the category of "phi-endomorphisms of finitely generated free
RPi(G,X)-modules". We derive results about fixed points of equivariant
endomorphisms of cocompact proper smooth G-manifolds.Comment: 33 pages; shortened version of the author's PhD thesis, supervised by
Wolfgang Lueck, Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster, 200
Pion Interferometry for a Granular Source of Quark-Gluon Plasma Droplets
We examine the two-pion interferometry for a granular source of quark-gluon
plasma droplets. The evolution of the droplets is described by relativistic
hydrodynamics with an equation of state suggested by lattice gauge results.
Pions are assumed to be emitted thermally from the droplets at the freeze-out
configuration characterized by a freeze-out temperature . We find that the
HBT radius decreases if the initial size of the droplets decreases.
On the other hand, depends on the droplet spatial distribution and
is relatively independent of the droplet size. It increases with an increase in
the width of the spatial distribution and the collective-expansion velocity of
the droplets. As a result, the value of can lie close to
for a granular quark-gluon plasma source. The granular model of the emitting
source may provide an explanation to the RHIC HBT puzzle and may lead to a new
insight into the dynamics of the quark-gluon plasma phase transition.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Laboratory observation of a nonlinear interaction between shear Alfv\'{e}n waves
An experimental investigation of nonlinear interactions between shear
Alfv\'{e}n waves in a laboratory plasma is presented. Two Alfv\'{e}n waves,
generated by a resonant cavity, are observed to beat together, driving a low
frequency nonlinear psuedo-mode at the beat frequency. The psuedo-mode then
scatters the Alfv\'{e}n waves, generating a series of sidebands. The observed
interaction is very strong, with the normalized amplitude of the driven
psuedo-mode comparable to the normalized magnetic field amplitude () of the interacting Alfv\'{e}n waves.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
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