7,907 research outputs found
Quadrupole hyperfine structure in the rotational spectrum of CFClâ and CHClâ
Ph.D.T. L. Weatherly and J. Q. William
Exact real-time dynamics of the quantum Rabi model
We use the analytical solution of the quantum Rabi model to obtain absolutely
convergent series expressions of the exact eigenstates and their scalar
products with Fock states. This enables us to calculate the numerically exact
time evolution of and for all regimes of the
coupling strength, without truncation of the Hilbert space. We find a
qualitatively different behavior of both observables which can be related to
their representations in the invariant parity subspaces.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, published versio
Exact solution of a model DNA-inversion genetic switch with orientational control
DNA inversion is an important mechanism by which bacteria and bacteriophage
switch reversibly between phenotypic states. In such switches, the orientation
of a short DNA element is flipped by a site-specific recombinase enzyme. We
propose a simple model for a DNA inversion switch in which recombinase
production is dependent on the switch state (orientational control). Our model
is inspired by the fim switch in Escherichia coli. We present an exact
analytical solution of the chemical master equation for the model switch, as
well as stochastic simulations. Orientational control causes the switch to
deviate from Poissonian behaviour: the distribution of times in the on state
shows a peak and successive flip times are correlated.Comment: Revised version, accepted for publicatio
Cloning of terminal transferase cDNA by antibody screening
A cDNA library was prepared from a terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-containing thymoma in the phage vector λgt11. By screening plaques with anti-terminal transferase antibody, positive clones were identified of which some had ÎČ-galactosidase-cDNA fusion proteins identifiable after electrophoretic fractionation by immunoblotting with anti-terminal transferase antibody. The predominant class of cross-hybridizing clones was determined to represent cDNA for terminal transferase by showing that one representative clone hybridized to a 2200-nucleotide mRNA in close-matched enzyme-positive but not to enzyme-negative cells and that the cDNA selected a mRNA that translated to give a protein of the size and antigenic characteristics of terminal transferase. Only a small amount of genomic DNA hybridized to the longest available clone, indicating that the sequence is virtually unique in the mouse genome
Grain boundary energies and cohesive strength as a function of geometry
Cohesive laws are stress-strain curves used in finite element calculations to
describe the debonding of interfaces such as grain boundaries. It would be
convenient to describe grain boundary cohesive laws as a function of the
parameters needed to describe the grain boundary geometry; two parameters in 2D
and 5 parameters in 3D. However, we find that the cohesive law is not a smooth
function of these parameters. In fact, it is discontinuous at geometries for
which the two grains have repeat distances that are rational with respect to
one another. Using atomistic simulations, we extract grain boundary energies
and cohesive laws of grain boundary fracture in 2D with a Lennard-Jones
potential for all possible geometries which can be simulated within periodic
boundary conditions with a maximum box size. We introduce a model where grain
boundaries are represented as high symmetry boundaries decorated by extra
dislocations. Using it, we develop a functional form for the symmetric grain
boundary energies, which have cusps at all high symmetry angles. We also find
the asymptotic form of the fracture toughness near the discontinuities at high
symmetry grain boundaries using our dislocation decoration model.Comment: 12 pages, 19 figures, changed titl
The effects of Mn concentration on spin-polarized transport through ZnSe/ZnMnSe/ZnSe heterostructures
We have studied the effects of Mn concentration on the ballistic
spin-polarized transport through diluted magnetic semiconductor
heterostructures with a single paramagnetic layer. Using a fitted function for
zero-field conduction band offset based on the experimental data, we found that
the spin current densities strongly depend on the Mn concentration. The
magnitude as well as the sign of the electron-spin polarization and the tunnel
magnetoresistance can be tuned by varying the Mn concentration, the width of
the paramagnetic layer, and the external magnetic field. By an appropriate
choice of the Mn concentration and the width of the paramagnetic layer, the
degree of spin polarization for the output current can reach 100% and the
device can be used as a spin filter.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Particle-Particle, Particle-Scaling function (P3S) algorithm for electrostatic problems in free boundary conditions
An algorithm for fast calculation of the Coulombic forces and energies of
point particles with free boundary conditions is proposed. Its calculation time
scales as N log N for N particles. This novel method has lower crossover point
with the full O(N^2) direct summation than the Fast Multipole Method. The
forces obtained by our algorithm are analytical derivatives of the energy which
guarantees energy conservation during a molecular dynamics simulation. Our
algorithm is very simple. An MPI parallelised version of the code can be
downloaded under the GNU General Public License from the website of our group.Comment: 19 pages, 11 figures, submitted to: Journal of Chemical Physic
Anti-truncated stellar light profiles in the outer regions of STAGES spiral galaxies: bulge or disc related?
We present a comparison of azimuthally averaged radial surface brightness
mu(r) profiles and analytical bulge-disc decompositions (de Vaucouleurs,
r^(1/4) bulge plus exponential disc) for spiral galaxies using Hubble Space
Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys V-band imaging from the Space Telescope
A901/2 Galaxy Evolution Survey (STAGES). In the established classification
scheme, antitruncated mu(r) profiles (Type III) have a broken exponential disc
with a shallower region beyond the break radius r_brk. The excess light at
large radii (r > r_brk) can either be caused by an outer exponential disc (Type
III-d) or an extended spheroidal component (Type III-s). Using our comparisons,
we determine the contribution of bulge light at r > r_brk for a large sample of
78 (barred/unbarred, Sa-Sd) spiral galaxies with outer disc antitruncations
(mu_brk > 24 mag arcsec^-2). In the majority of cases (~85 per cent), evidence
indicates that excess light at r > r_brk is related to an outer shallow disc
(Type III-d). Here, the contribution of bulge light at r > r_brk is either
negligible (~70 per cent) or too little to explain the antitruncation (~15 per
cent). However in the latter cases, bulge light can affect the measured disc
properties (e.g. mu_brk, outer scalelength). In the remaining cases (~15 per
cent), light at r > r_brk is dominated by the bulge (Type III-s). Here, for
most cases the bulge profile dominates at all radii and only occasionally (3
galaxies, ~5 per cent) extends beyond that of a dominant disc and explains the
excess light at r > r_brk. We thus conclude that in the vast majority of cases
antitruncated outer discs cannot be explained by bulge light and thus remain a
pure disc phenomenon.Comment: Accepted to MNRA
New experimental proposals for testing Dirac equation
The advent of phenomenological quantum gravity has ushered us in the search
for experimental tests of the deviations from general relativity predicted by
quantum gravity or by string theories, and as a by--product of this quest the
possible modifications that some field equations, for instance, the motion
equation of spin--1/2--particles, have already been considered. In the present
work a modified Dirac equation, whose extra term embraces a second--order time
derivative, is taken as mainstay, and three different experimental proposals to
detect it are put forward. The novelty in these ideas is that two of them do
not fall within the extant approaches in this context, to wit, red--shift,
atomic interferometry, or Hughes--Drever type--like experiments.Comment: Accepted in Physics Letters
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